Analysing the Quality of Life of Older Adults: Heterogeneity, COVID-19 Lockdown, and Residential Stability
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Methodology
3.1. Data Collection
3.2. Method
3.3. Descriptive Statistics and Variables
4. Empirical Results
4.1. Social Situation
4.2. Health Condition
4.3. Residential Stability
4.4. Economic Condition
5. Discussion and Implications
6. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Symbol | % |
---|---|---|
Number of persons with whom daily in-person interaction takes place | ||
Less than 4 persons | Pfour | 43.50 |
5 to 9 persons | Pfive | 23.50 |
More than 9 persons | Pother | 33.00 |
Frequency of using social websites or communication software during the most recent year | ||
Several times a day | Esocialt | 14.60 |
Almost every day | Esociald | 12.50 |
Other | Eother | 72.90 |
Self-assessment of physical health | ||
Very good | Hwell | 43.50 |
Poor | Hbad | 23.50 |
Other | Hother | 33.00 |
Sleep quality in the past year compared to that in the previous year | ||
Slightly bad (including much worse) | Sleepb | 34.50 |
Good | Sleepg | 10.80 |
Other | slother | 54.70 |
Physical and mental disorders of respondents and their family members | ||
A mobility-impaired family member lives with the respondent | Fdisable | 17.30 |
No mobility-impaired family member lives with the respondent | Fdisother | 82.70 |
The respondent is holding the disability card | Indisablec | 8.60 |
The respondent is not holding the disability card | Indisother | 91.40 |
The respondent lives with family members who hold the disability card | Fdisablec | 10.30 |
The respondent lives with family members who do not hold the disability card | Fdisother | 89.70 |
Residential stability | ||
Since birth to the present | Liveo | 12.90 |
Less than three years | Liveless | 1.70 |
Other | Lother | 85.40 |
Total monthly income | ||
Less than 10,000 TWD (around USD 333) (including those who mentioned zero and who refused to answer the question) | Income1 | 49.60 |
10,000 to less than 20,000 TWD (around USD 333) | Income2 | 21.30 |
20,000 to less than 40,000 TWD (around USD 1333) | Income3 | 16.80 |
More than 40,000 TWD | Income4 | 12.30 |
Variable | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Value (T Value) | (T Value) | Value (T Value) | (T Value) | |
Const. | 1.774 *** (11.388) | −0.063 (−0.471) | 1.866 *** (9.315) | 0.052 (0.690) |
The number of persons with whom daily in-person interaction takes place | ||||
Pfour | −0.424 * (−2.165) | N/A | −0.266 (−1.265) | N/A |
Pfive | −0.156 (−0.970) | N/A | −0.070 (−0.407) | N/A |
Pother | Reference Group | |||
Frequency of using social websites or communication software during the most recent year | ||||
Esocialt | −0.015 (−0.070) | N/A | −0.324 (−1.371) | N/A |
Esociald | 0.499 (1.567) | N/A | 0.413 (1.209) | N/A |
Eother | Reference Group | |||
Self-assessment of physical health | ||||
Hwell | N/A | −0.998 *** (−3.601) | N/A | −1.012 *** (−3.712) |
Hbad | N/A | 0.402 ** (2.715) | N/A | 0.300 * (2.048) |
Hother | Reference Group | |||
Sleep quality in the past year compared to that in the previous year | ||||
Sleepb | −0.365 * (−2.503) | N/A | −0.408 ** (−2.696) | N/A |
Sleepg | 0.072 (0.285) | N/A | 0.146 (0.561) | N/A |
Slother | Reference Group | |||
Physical and mental disorders of respondents and their family members | ||||
Fdisable | N/A | −0.476 * (−2.546) | N/A | |
Fdisother | Reference Group | |||
Indisablec | N/A | 0.385 (1.445) | N/A | |
Indisother | Reference Group | |||
Fdisablec | N/A | −0.346 (−1.607) | N/A | |
Disother | Reference Group | |||
Residential stability | ||||
Liveo | −0.270 (−1.388) | N/A | −0.276 (−1.378) | N/A |
Liveless | −1.237 ** (−2.588) | N/A | −1.371 ** (−2.858) | N/A |
Lother | Reference Group | |||
Total monthly income | ||||
Income1 | N/A | −0.099 (−0.587) | N/A | |
Income3 | N/A | 0.647 * (2.474) | N/A | |
Income4 | N/A | 1.137 ** (2.995) | N/A | |
Income2 | Reference Group | |||
Sample size | 417 | |||
Statistical | ||||
LL(β) | −256.7828 | −239.3280 | ||
BIC | 552.8676 | 525.8184 | ||
CAIC | 604.0977 | 587.2946 |
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Chen, C.-Y. Analysing the Quality of Life of Older Adults: Heterogeneity, COVID-19 Lockdown, and Residential Stability. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12116. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912116
Chen C-Y. Analysing the Quality of Life of Older Adults: Heterogeneity, COVID-19 Lockdown, and Residential Stability. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12116. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912116
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Ching-Yi. 2022. "Analysing the Quality of Life of Older Adults: Heterogeneity, COVID-19 Lockdown, and Residential Stability" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12116. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912116