Indoor Environmental Quality in Mechanically Ventilated, Energy-Efficient Buildings vs. Conventional Buildings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods and Material
Parameter | Number of Homes Where Measurements Were Performed | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
TG M1 | CG M1 | TG M2 | CG M2 | |
VOC | 61 | 61 | 61 | 59 |
Aldehydes | 62 | 61 | 61 | 59 |
Mould spores | 61 | 61 | 61 | 59 |
Dust mite allergens | 62 | 60 | 57 | 56 |
CO2 | 62 | 61 | 61 | 59 |
Volume of supplied air | 62 | - | 61 | - |
Radon (1 year) | 62 | 60 | - | - |
Noise | 14 | - | - | - |
Temperature | 62 | 59 | 61 | 58 |
Relative humidity | 62 | 60 | 61 | 59 |
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Results
3.1.1. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)
TG M1 | CG M1 | TG M2 | CG M2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
TVOC | ||||
Median (µg/m3) | 300 | 560 | 120 | 230 |
95th percentile | 2100 | 4000 | 470 | 2500 |
>1000 µg/m3 | 19% | 28% | 1% | 11% |
Formaldehyde | ||||
Median | 27 | 40 | 22 | 31 |
95th percentile | 53 | 67 | 46 | 59 |
>100 µg/m3 | 2% | 1% | 0% | 0% |
Sum of saturated acyclic aliphatic aldehydes | ||||
Median | 52 | 81 | 32 | 50 |
95th percentile | 170 | 258 | 80 | 110 |
>100 µg/m3 | 19% | 33% | 2% | 9% |
CO2 | ||||
Median | 1,360 | 1830 | 1280 | 1740 |
Maximum | 3010 | 7190 | 2250 | 3780 |
>1000 ppm | 84% | 92% | 89% | 92% |
>1400 ppm | 45% | 80% | 33% | 69% |
3.1.2. Aldehydes
3.1.3. Mould Spores
3.1.4. Dust Mite Allergens
3.1.5. Carbon Dioxide
3.1.6. Volume of Supplied Air
3.1.7. Radon
3.1.8. Noise
3.1.9. Temperature and Humidity
3.2. Discussion
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Wallner, P.; Munoz, U.; Tappler, P.; Wanka, A.; Kundi, M.; Shelton, J.F.; Hutter, H.-P. Indoor Environmental Quality in Mechanically Ventilated, Energy-Efficient Buildings vs. Conventional Buildings. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 14132-14147. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121114132
Wallner P, Munoz U, Tappler P, Wanka A, Kundi M, Shelton JF, Hutter H-P. Indoor Environmental Quality in Mechanically Ventilated, Energy-Efficient Buildings vs. Conventional Buildings. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12(11):14132-14147. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121114132
Chicago/Turabian StyleWallner, Peter, Ute Munoz, Peter Tappler, Anna Wanka, Michael Kundi, Janie F. Shelton, and Hans-Peter Hutter. 2015. "Indoor Environmental Quality in Mechanically Ventilated, Energy-Efficient Buildings vs. Conventional Buildings" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 11: 14132-14147. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121114132