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• Hegazy, M
• Eldeen, A
• Shahat, A
• Abdel-Latif, F
• Mohamed, T
• Whittlesey, B
• Paré, P
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• Hegazy, M
• Eldeen, A
• Shahat, A
• Abdel-Latif, F
• Mohamed, T
• Whittlesey, B
• Paré, P
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• Hegazy, M
• Eldeen, A
• Shahat, A
• Abdel-Latif, F
• Mohamed, T
• Whittlesey, B
• Paré, P

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Mar. Drugs 2012, 10(1), 209-222; doi:10.3390/md10010209

Article

Bioactive Hydroperoxyl Cembranoids from the Red Sea Soft Coral Sarcophyton glaucum

Mohamed-Elamir F. Hegazy ¹ , Amira M. Gamal Eldeen ² , Abdelaaty A. Shahat ^1,3 , Fathy F. Abdel-Latif ⁴ , Tarik A. Mohamed ¹ , Bruce R. Whittlesey ⁵  and Paul W. Paré ^5,*

¹ Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, and Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir Street, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt ² Cancer Biology Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, and Biochemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki Cairo 12622, Egypt ³ Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saudi University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia ⁴ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt ⁵ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 28 November 2011; in revised form: 5 January 2012 / Accepted: 9 January 2012 / Published: 18 January 2012

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Abstract: A chemical investigation of an ethyl acetate extract of the Red Sea soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum has led to the isolation of two peroxide diterpenes, 11(S) hydroperoxylsarcoph-12(20)-ene (1), and 12(S)-hydroperoxylsarcoph-10-ene (2), as well as 8-epi-sarcophinone (3). In addition to these three new compounds, two known structures were identified including: ent-sarcophine (4) and sarcophine (5). Structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, with the relative configuration of 1 and 2 confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Isolated compounds were found to be inhibitors of cytochrome P₄₅₀ 1A activity as well as inducers of glutathione S-transferases (GST), quinone reductase (QR), and epoxide hydrolase (mEH) establishing chemo-preventive and tumor anti-initiating activity for these characterized metabolites.

Keywords: Sarcophyton glaucum; soft coral; diterpenes; cancer chemo-preventive activity

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