Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2008, 9(12), 2724-2744; doi:10.3390/ijms9122724
Article

Vasorelaxant and Antioxidant Activities of Spilanthes acmella Murr.

Orapin Wongsawatkul 1 email, Supaluk Prachayasittikul 2,* email, Chartchalerm Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya 3 email, Jutamaad Satayavivad 4 email, Somsak Ruchirawat 5 email and Virapong Prachayasittikul 3,* email
1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand 3 Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand 4 Laboratory of Pharmacology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand 5 Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute , Bangkok 10210, Thailand
* Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 12 June 2008; in revised form: 14 December 2008 / Accepted: 14 December 2008 / Published: 18 December 2008
(This article belongs to the Section Bioactives and Nutraceuticals)
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Abstract: This study reports the effect of Spilanthes acmella Murr. extracts on phenylephrine-induced contraction of rat thoracic aorta as well as their antioxidant activity. Results show that the extracts exert maximal vasorelaxations in a dose-dependent manner, but their effects are less than acetylcholine-induced nitric oxide (NO) vasorelaxation. Significant reduction of vasorelaxations is observed in both NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and indomethacin (INDO). In the presence of L-NAME plus INDO, synergistic effects are observed, leading to loss of vasorelaxation of both acetylcholine and the extracts. Similarly, the vasorelaxations of the extracts are completely abolished upon the removal of endothelial cells. This demonstrates that the extracts exhibit vasorelaxation via partially endothelium-induced NO and prostacyclin in a dose-dependent manner. Significantly, the ethyl acetate extract exerts immediate vasorelaxation (ED50 76.1 ng/mL) and is the most potent antioxidant (DPPH assay). The chloroform extract shows the highest vasorelaxation and antioxidation (SOD assay). These reveal a potential source of vasodilators and antioxidants.
Keywords: Spilanthes acmella Murr.; vasorelaxant; antioxidant activities; nitric oxide; prostacyclin; thoracic aorta

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wongsawatkul, O.; Prachayasittikul, S.; Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, C.; Satayavivad, J.; Ruchirawat, S.; Prachayasittikul, V. Vasorelaxant and Antioxidant Activities of Spilanthes acmella Murr.. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2008, 9, 2724-2744.

AMA Style

Wongsawatkul O, Prachayasittikul S, Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya C, Satayavivad J, Ruchirawat S, Prachayasittikul V. Vasorelaxant and Antioxidant Activities of Spilanthes acmella Murr.. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2008; 9(12):2724-2744.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wongsawatkul, Orapin; Prachayasittikul, Supaluk; Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, Chartchalerm; Satayavivad, Jutamaad; Ruchirawat, Somsak; Prachayasittikul, Virapong. 2008. "Vasorelaxant and Antioxidant Activities of Spilanthes acmella Murr.." Int. J. Mol. Sci. 9, no. 12: 2724-2744.

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