Transcriptome Analysis of Paralichthys olivaceus Erythrocytes Reveals Profound Immune Responses Induced by Edwardsiella tarda Infection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. In Vitro Infection of E. tarda in RBCs
2.2. In Vivo Infection of E. tarda in Flounder Blood and Spleen Erythrocytes
2.3. RNA-seq of the Spleen Erythrocytes from E. tarda-Infected and Uninfected Flounder
2.4. Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) Induced by E. tarda
2.5. GO and KEGG Enrichment Analysis of the DEGs
2.6. Construction of the Interaction Network Formed by Immune DEGs and Identification of the Hub Genes
3. Discussion
3.1. Genes Involved in NLRs-Mediated Pathogen Recognition and Downstream NF-κB Activation
3.2. Genes Involved in Antigen Processing and Presentation
3.3. Genes Involved in Anti-Inflammatory Responses
3.4. Genes Involved in Spliceosome and Splicing
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Japanese Flounder
4.2. Isolation of Erythrocytes from the Blood and Spleen of Flounder
4.3. In Vitro Infection of E. tarda in RBCs
4.4. In Vivo Infection of E. tarda in Flounder
4.5. RNA Sequencing Library Construction and Sequencing
4.6. Data Preprocessing
4.7. Identification, Validation, and Functional Enrichment Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs)
4.8. Construction of Interaction Network and Hub Genes Identification
4.9. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Samples | Read Length (bp) | Raw Reads | Clean Reads | Clean Read Ratio (%) | Mapped Read Ratio (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C-1 | 150 | 52,745,248 | 52,367,850 | 99.28 | 86.32 |
C-2 | 150 | 39,343,878 | 39,031,230 | 99.21 | 85.97 |
C-3 | 150 | 52,836,746 | 52,477,326 | 99.32 | 85.25 |
E-1 | 150 | 38,019,958 | 37,735,932 | 99.25 | 85.49 |
E-2 | 150 | 40,950,324 | 40,635,040 | 99.23 | 84.35 |
E-3 | 150 | 41,224,792 | 40,901,860 | 99.22 | 82.87 |
Pathway | DEG Number | Rich Factor | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Intestinal immune network for IgA production | 8 | 0.211 | 0.008804 |
Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway | 10 | 0.196 | 0.006066 |
Antigen processing and presentation | 9 | 0.173 | 0.020065 |
Spliceosome | 25 | 0.169 | 0.000232 |
Hematopoietic cell lineage | 12 | 0.167 | 0.010609 |
C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway | 24 | 0.160 | 0.000698 |
IL-17 signaling pathway | 13 | 0.159 | 0.012083 |
NOD-like receptor signaling pathway | 20 | 0.143 | 0.007153 |
NF-kappa B signaling pathway | 15 | 0.138 | 0.025076 |
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway | 16 | 0.132 | 0.029570 |
Cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction | 27 | 0.123 | 0.015126 |
JAK-STAT signaling pathway | 22 | 0.119 | 0.036321 |
Gene Name | Description | Interactive Degree | Fold Change |
---|---|---|---|
IL10 | Interleukin-10 | 22 | +18.63 |
SOCS1 | Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 | 29 | +12.61 |
TNFASF1A | Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A | 16 | +11.19 |
KITA | Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor kita-like isoform X1 | 33 | +10.44 |
RELB | Transcription factor RelB homolog isoform X1 | 40 | +10.43 |
ARHGEF12 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 | 7 | +9.50 |
CD28 | T cell specific surface glycoprotein CD28 | 14 | +8.58 |
TAP1 | Antigen peptide transporter 1 | 13 | +7.42 |
ABCB9 | ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 9 | 13 | +7.34 |
FOSL1 | Fos-related antigen 1 | 21 | +6.96 |
GADD45A | Growth arrest and DNA damage protein GADD45 alpha-like | 11 | +6.72 |
NOD2 | Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 | 15 | +5.72 |
PSME2 | Proteasome activator complex subunit 2 | 11 | +5.23 |
TGFBR2 | TGF-beta receptor type 2 | 10 | +4.96 |
TAP2 | Antigen peptide transporter 2 | 11 | +4.93 |
SNRPG | Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G | 25 | −4.74 |
CYLD | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase CYLD-like | 7 | +4.69 |
PTGS2 | Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 | 16 | +4.27 |
PPIL1 | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase-like 1 | 20 | −4.27 |
HSP70 | Heat shock 70 KDA protein | 28 | +4.23 |
PHF5A | PHD finger-like domain-containing protein 5A | 23 | −4.04 |
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Sun, B.; Li, X.; Ning, X.; Sun, L. Transcriptome Analysis of Paralichthys olivaceus Erythrocytes Reveals Profound Immune Responses Induced by Edwardsiella tarda Infection. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 3094. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093094
Sun B, Li X, Ning X, Sun L. Transcriptome Analysis of Paralichthys olivaceus Erythrocytes Reveals Profound Immune Responses Induced by Edwardsiella tarda Infection. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(9):3094. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093094
Chicago/Turabian StyleSun, Bin, Xuepeng Li, Xianhui Ning, and Li Sun. 2020. "Transcriptome Analysis of Paralichthys olivaceus Erythrocytes Reveals Profound Immune Responses Induced by Edwardsiella tarda Infection" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9: 3094. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093094