The Coexistence of Hypertension and Ovariectomy Additively Increases Cardiac Apoptosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Body Weight and Cardiac Characteristics
2.2. Cardiac Histopathological Changes
2.3. TUNEL-Positive Apoptotic Cells of Left Ventricle
2.4. Components of Cardiac Estrogen Receptors
2.5. Cardiac Bcl-2 Family Survival Pathway
2.6. Cardiac Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptotic Pathways
2.7. Cardiac Fas Receptor-Dependent Apoptotic Pathways
3. Discussion
Hypothesized and Clinical Application
4. Experimental Section
4.1. Animals
4.2. Ovariectomized Rat Model
4.3. Resting Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
4.4. Cardiac Characteristics
4.5. Hematoxylin-Eosin Staining
4.6. Masson’s Trichrome Staining
4.7. DAPI and TUNEL Staining
4.8. Western Immunoblotting
4.9. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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WKY | SHR-Sham | SHR-OVX | |
---|---|---|---|
Number of Animals | 8 | 8 | 8 |
Body weight (g) | 218 ± 14 | 219 ± 8 | 253 ± 8 **,## |
Uterine weight (g) | 0.46 ± 0.10 | 0.41 ± 0.09 | 0.08 ± 0.01 **,## |
Resting HR (bpm) | 374 ± 20 | 458 ± 19 ** | 463 ± 16 ** |
Heart Weight Index | |||
WHW (g) | 0.78 ± 0.04 | 0.83 ± 0.04 * | 0.93 ± 0.06 **,## |
LVW (g) | 0.57 ± 0.05 | 0.61 ± 0.03 | 0.65 ± 0.06 ** |
LVW (g)/WHW (g) | 0.73 ± 0.03 | 0.73 ± 0.04 | 0.71 ± 0.05 |
WHW (g)/BW (g) * 103 | 3.57 ± 0.34 | 3.80 ± 0.18 | 3.65 ± 0.18 |
LVW (g)/BW (g) * 103 | 2.61 ± 0.31 | 2.78 ± 0.18 | 2.58 ± 0.23 |
WHW (g)/TL (mm) * 103 | 19.87 ± 1.15 | 21.34 ± 0.93 * | 23.64 ± 1.63 **,## |
LVW (g)/TL (mm) * 103 | 14.53 ± 1.24 | 15.58 ± 0.88 | 16.73 ± 1.85 ** |
Blood Pressure | |||
SBP (mmHg) | 121 ± 7 | 169 ± 7 ** | 174 ± 2 ** |
DBP (mmHg) | 83 ± 12 | 129 ± 10 ** | 134 ± 6 ** |
MAP (mmHg) | 96 ± 9 | 141 ± 8 ** | 145 ± 6 ** |
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Lin, Y.-Y.; Cheng, Y.-J.; Hu, J.; Chu, L.-X.; Shyu, W.-C.; Kao, C.-L.; Lin, T.-B.; Kuo, C.-H.; Yang, A.-L.; Lee, S.-D. The Coexistence of Hypertension and Ovariectomy Additively Increases Cardiac Apoptosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17, 2036. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17122036
Lin Y-Y, Cheng Y-J, Hu J, Chu L-X, Shyu W-C, Kao C-L, Lin T-B, Kuo C-H, Yang A-L, Lee S-D. The Coexistence of Hypertension and Ovariectomy Additively Increases Cardiac Apoptosis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2016; 17(12):2036. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17122036
Chicago/Turabian StyleLin, Yi-Yuan, Yu-Jung Cheng, Jun Hu, Li-Xi Chu, Woei-Cherng Shyu, Chung-Lan Kao, Tzer-Bin Lin, Chia-Hua Kuo, Ai-Lun Yang, and Shin-Da Lee. 2016. "The Coexistence of Hypertension and Ovariectomy Additively Increases Cardiac Apoptosis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17, no. 12: 2036. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17122036