Silver Nanoparticle-Mediated Cellular Responses in Various Cell Lines: An in Vitro Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Cellular Effects of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on Epithelial Cells
3. Cellular Effects of AgNPs on Macrophages
4. Cellular Effects of AgNPs on Endothelial Cells
5. Cellular Effects of AgNPs on Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts
6. Cellular Effects of AgNPs on Neuronal Cells
7. Cellular Effects of AgNPs in Stem Cells
8. Mechanism of Action of AgNPs in Various Cellular Systems
9. Activation of Signaling Molecules in Response to AgNPs in Various Cell Culture Systems
10. Conclusions and Future Perspectives
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Serial Number | Exposure Doses of AgNPs | Exposure Time | Size (nm) | Type of Cell Lines Used | Major Outcomes | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.01 µg Ag/mL | 24 h | 20, 50, 75 | Human pulmonary epithelial cell line 16HBE14 | Dose and process of uptake | [137] |
2 | c0/4 and higher, 2.25 × 109–1.35 × 1010 Wrs/mL, 9 × 1015–1.01 × 1016 nm²/mL, 3.68–3.83 mg/mL | 24 h | 30, 60–100 | Human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) | Spherical particles had no effect than silver wires | [38] |
3 | 30 and 278 ng/cm2 | 4 and 24 h | 20 | Human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) | Cells were only sensitive to high Ag-ion concentrations | [138] |
4 | 20 and 100 µg/mL | 48 h | 10, 20, 75 and 110 | T84 cells (ATCC CCL-248™), a human colorectal carcinoma cell line | Small AgNPs have significant effects on intestinal permeability | [139] |
5 | 50 mg/L | 24 h | 61.2 ± 33.9 | Porcine kidney (Pk15) cells | AgNPs had only insignificant toxicity at concentrations lower than 25 mg/L, whereas Ag+ exhibited a significant decrease in cell viability at higher concentration | [140] |
6 | 2–6 μM | 1–3 weeks | 20–60 | Human HCE-T corneal epithelial cells | Mammalian cell toxicity was observed at high (8–12 μM silver ion) silver levels in serum-free culture | [141] |
7 | 2–6 μM | 1–3 weeks | 20–60 | RAW264.7 macrophages | Low cell pro-inflammatory cytokine activation was observed | [141] |
8 | 0.31 to 10 g/mL | 48 h | 10 | Human tongue squamous carcinoma SCC-25 | Reduced proliferation and viability | [142] |
9 | 20 μg/mL | 24 h | 70 | Alveolar epithelial cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells | Adverse effects were also only found at high silver concentrations | [143] |
10 | 1.0 and 2.5 μg/mL | 72 h | 35 | Human microvascular endothelial cells | Loss of membrane integrity at higher concentrations | [72] |
11 | 500 nM | 24 h | 50 | Bovine retinal endothelial cells | Enhanced apoptosis | [64] |
12 | 500 nM | 24 h | 50 | Dalton’s lymphoma ascites | Anti-tumor activity | [144] |
13 | 2.0 and 4.0 mg/L | 24 h | 10 and 100 | HepG2 cells | Non-cytotoxic doses induced p38 MAPK pathway activation and led to the promotion of HepG2 cell proliferation | [47] |
14 | 7.74 mg/L | 24–72 h | 65–69 | HaCaT cells, | HaCaT cells were found to be resistant | [145] |
15 | 1.16 mg/L | 24–72 h | 65–69 | HeLa cells | HeLa cells were found to be more sensitive | [145] |
16 | 1–20 μg/mL | 24 h | 23 | Embryonic neural stem cells | Ag-NPs-induced neurotoxicity | [104] |
17 | 10–20 μg/mL | 24 h | 20 and 40 | Primary mixed neural cell cultures | Strong effects of SNP associated with calcium dysregulation and ROS formation in primary neural cells | [24] |
18 | 5–12.50 μg/mL | 24 h | 3–5 | Mouse brain neural cells | AgNPs could alter gene and protein expressions of β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition | [146] |
19 | 800 particles/cell | 48 h | 20 and 80 | Human embryonic neural precursor Cell | AgNPs exposure cause a significant stress response in the growing Human neural progenitor cells (hNPC) | [147] |
20 | 5 μg/mL | 48 h | <100 | HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells | AgNPs modulated HT22 cell cycle , proliferation, induced oxidative stress and 53BP1 recruitment | [148] |
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Zhang, X.-F.; Shen, W.; Gurunathan, S. Silver Nanoparticle-Mediated Cellular Responses in Various Cell Lines: An in Vitro Model. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17, 1603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17101603
Zhang X-F, Shen W, Gurunathan S. Silver Nanoparticle-Mediated Cellular Responses in Various Cell Lines: An in Vitro Model. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2016; 17(10):1603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17101603
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Xi-Feng, Wei Shen, and Sangiliyandi Gurunathan. 2016. "Silver Nanoparticle-Mediated Cellular Responses in Various Cell Lines: An in Vitro Model" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17, no. 10: 1603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17101603