Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13(4), 5163-5178; doi:10.3390/ijms13045163
Article

Application of Ionic Liquids in the Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Proanthocyanidins from Larix gmelini Bark

Lei Yang †,,* email, Xiaowei Sun † email, Fengjian Yangemail, Chunjian Zhaoemail, Lin Zhangemail and Yuangang Zu* email
State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China † These authors contributed equally to this work.
* Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 5 March 2012; in revised form: 23 March 2012 / Accepted: 20 April 2012 / Published: 24 April 2012
(This article belongs to the Section Green Chemistry)
PDF Full-text Download PDF Full-Text [673 KB, uploaded 24 April 2012 09:29 CEST]
Abstract: Ionic liquid based, microwave-assisted extraction (ILMAE) was successfully applied to the extraction of proanthocyanidins from Larix gmelini bark. In this work, in order to evaluate the performance of ionic liquids in the microwave-assisted extraction process, a series of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids with different cations and anions were evaluated for extraction yield, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide was selected as the optimal solvent. In addition, the ILMAE procedure for the proanthocyanidins was optimized and compared with other conventional extraction techniques. Under the optimized conditions, satisfactory extraction yield of the proanthocyanidins was obtained. Relative to other methods, the proposed approach provided higher extraction yield and lower energy consumption. The Larix gmelini bark samples before and after extraction were analyzed by Thermal gravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the ILMAE method is a simple and efficient technique for sample preparation.
Keywords: ionic liquid; microwave-assisted extraction; proanthocyanidins; Larix gmelini bark

Article Statistics

Click here to load and display the download statistics.

Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, L.; Sun, X.; Yang, F.; Zhao, C.; Zhang, L.; Zu, Y. Application of Ionic Liquids in the Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Proanthocyanidins from Larix gmelini Bark. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 5163-5178.

AMA Style

Yang L, Sun X, Yang F, Zhao C, Zhang L, Zu Y. Application of Ionic Liquids in the Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Proanthocyanidins from Larix gmelini Bark. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(4):5163-5178.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Lei; Sun, Xiaowei; Yang, Fengjian; Zhao, Chunjian; Zhang, Lin; Zu, Yuangang. 2012. "Application of Ionic Liquids in the Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Proanthocyanidins from Larix gmelini Bark." Int. J. Mol. Sci. 13, no. 4: 5163-5178.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. EISSN 1422-0067 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland RSS E-Mail Table of Contents Alert