Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13(11), 14344-14355; doi:10.3390/ijms131114344
Article

Selection of Suitable Reference Genes for Normalization of Quantitative Real-Time PCR in Cartilage Tissue Injury and Repair in Rabbits

Xiao-Xiang Peng 1,† email, Rong-Lan Zhao 1,† email, Wei Song 1 email, Hai-Rong Chu 1 email, Meng Li 1 email, Shu-Ya Song 1 email, Guang-Zhou Li 1 email and Dong-Chun Liang 2,3,* email
1 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Shandong 261053, China 2 Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China 3 Key Lab of Hormone and Development, Tianjin Ministry, Tianjin 300070, China † These authors contributed equally to this work.
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 4 August 2012; in revised form: 25 October 2012 / Accepted: 29 October 2012 / Published: 6 November 2012
(This article belongs to the Section Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics)
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Abstract: When studying the altered expression of genes associated with cartilage regeneration by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR), reference genes with highly stable expression during different stages of chondrocyte developmental are necessary to normalize gene expression accurately. Until now, no reports evaluating expression changes of commonly used reference genes in rabbit articular cartilage have been published. In this study, defects were made in rabbit articular cartilage, with or without insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) treatment, to create different chondrocyte living environments. The stability and intensity of the expressions of the candidate reference genes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), 18S Ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA), cyclophilin (CYP), hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT1), and β-2-microglobulin (B2M) were evaluated. The data were analyzed by geNorm and NormFinder. B2M and 18S rRNA were identified to be suitable reference genes for rabbit cartilage tissues.
Keywords: reference gene; quantitative real-time PCR; cartilage tissue; geNorm; NormFinder

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Peng, X.-X.; Zhao, R.-L.; Song, W.; Chu, H.-R.; Li, M.; Song, S.-Y.; Li, G.-Z.; Liang, D.-C. Selection of Suitable Reference Genes for Normalization of Quantitative Real-Time PCR in Cartilage Tissue Injury and Repair in Rabbits. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 14344-14355.

AMA Style

Peng X-X, Zhao R-L, Song W, Chu H-R, Li M, Song S-Y, Li G-Z, Liang D-C. Selection of Suitable Reference Genes for Normalization of Quantitative Real-Time PCR in Cartilage Tissue Injury and Repair in Rabbits. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(11):14344-14355.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peng, Xiao-Xiang; Zhao, Rong-Lan; Song, Wei; Chu, Hai-Rong; Li, Meng; Song, Shu-Ya; Li, Guang-Zhou; Liang, Dong-Chun. 2012. "Selection of Suitable Reference Genes for Normalization of Quantitative Real-Time PCR in Cartilage Tissue Injury and Repair in Rabbits." Int. J. Mol. Sci. 13, no. 11: 14344-14355.

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