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• Melo-Silveira, R
• Fidelis, G
• Costa, M
• Telles, C
• Dantas-Santos, N
• Elias, S
• Ribeiro, V
• Barth, A
• Macedo, A
• Leite, E
• Rocha, H
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• Melo-Silveira, R
• Fidelis, G
• Costa, M
• Telles, C
• Dantas-Santos, N
• Elias, S
• Ribeiro, V
• Barth, A
• Macedo, A
• Leite, E
• Rocha, H
• [+] on PubMed
• Melo-Silveira, R
• Fidelis, G
• Costa, M
• Telles, C
• Dantas-Santos, N
• Elias, S
• Ribeiro, V
• Barth, A
• Macedo, A
• Leite, E
• Rocha, H

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Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13(1), 409-426; doi:10.3390/ijms13010409

Article

In Vitro Antioxidant, Anticoagulant and Antimicrobial Activity and in Inhibition of Cancer Cell Proliferation by Xylan Extracted from Corn Cobs

Raniere Fagundes Melo-Silveira ¹ , Gabriel Pereira Fidelis ¹ , Mariana Santana Santos Pereira Costa ¹ , Cinthia Beatrice Silva Telles ¹ , Nednaldo Dantas-Santos ¹ , Susana de Oliveira Elias ² , Vanessa Bley Ribeiro ³ , Afonso Luis Barth ³ , Alexandre José Macedo ² , Edda Lisboa Leite ⁴  and Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha ^1,*

¹ Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Avenue Salgado Filho S/N, Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil ² Biotechnology Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90690-000, Brazil ³ Faculty of Pharmacy and Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90690-000, Brazil ⁴ Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Avenue Salgado Filho S/N, Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 7 November 2011; in revised form: 3 December 2011 / Accepted: 12 December 2011 / Published: 29 December 2011

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Abstract: Xylan is one of most abundant polymer after cellulose. However, its potential has yet to be completely recognized. Corn cobs contain a considerable reservoir of xylan. The aim of this work was to study some of the biological activities of xylan obtained from corn cobs after alkaline extraction enhanced by ultrasonication. Physical chemistry and infrared analyses showed 130 kDa heteroxylan containing mainly xylose:arabinose: galactose:glucose (5.0:1.5:2.0:1.2). Xylan obtained exhibited total antioxidant activity corresponding to 48.5 mg of ascorbic acid equivalent/g of xylan. Furthermore, xylan displayed high ferric chelating activity (70%) at 2 mg/mL. Xylan also showed anticoagulant activity in aPTT test. In antimicrobial assay, the polysaccharide significantly inhibited bacterial growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae. In a test with normal and tumor human cells, after 72 h, only HeLa tumor cell proliferation was inhibited (p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner by xylan, reaching saturation at around 2 mg/mL, whereas 3T3 normal cell proliferation was not affected. The results suggest that it has potential clinical applications as antioxidant, anticoagulant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative compounds.

Keywords: corn cob food; antimicrobial; heteroxylan; antioxidant polysaccharide; HeLa cells; 3T3 cells

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