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• Salleh, W
• Ahmad, F
• Yen, K
• Sirat, H
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Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2011, 12(11), 7720-7731; doi:10.3390/ijms12117720

Article

Chemical Compositions, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils of Piper caninum Blume

Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh ¹ , Farediah Ahmad ^1,* , Khong Heng Yen ²  and Hasnah Mohd Sirat ¹

¹ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia ² School of Chemistry and Environment Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak 94300, Malaysia

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 12 October 2011; in revised form: 28 October 2011 / Accepted: 2 November 2011 / Published: 8 November 2011

(This article belongs to the Section Bioactives and Nutraceuticals)

Download PDF Full-Text [136 KB, uploaded 8 November 2011 15:28 CET]

Abstract: Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the fresh leaves and stems oils of Piper caninum were investigated. A total of forty eight constituents were identified in the leaves (77.9%) and stems (87.0%) oil which were characterized by high proportions of phenylpropanoid, safrole with 17.1% for leaves and 25.5% for stems oil. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by using β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching, DPPH radical scavenging and total phenolic content. Stems oil showed the highest inhibitory activity towards lipid peroxidation (114.9 ± 0.9%), compared to BHT (95.5 ± 0.5%), while leaves oil showed significant total phenolic content (27.4 ± 0.5 mg GA/g) equivalent to gallic acid. However, the essential oils showed weak activity towards DPPH free-radical scavenging. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity revealed that both oils exhibited strong activity against all bacteria strains with MIC values in the range 62.5 to 250 µg/mL, but weak activity against fungal strains. These findings suggest that the essential oils can be used as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents for therapeutic, nutraceutical industries and food manufactures.

Keywords: essential oil; Piperaceae; Piper caninum; antioxidant; antimicrobial

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