Lysis of Microcystis aeruginosa with Extracts from Chinese Medicinal Herbs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Results
2.1.1. Anticyanobacterial Screening
2.1.2. Determination of M. aeruginosa-Inhibiting Abilities of 16 Selected Chinese Herbs Extracts
2.1.3. Dynamic Analysis of Chlorophyll-a in M. aeruginosa with Remained 8 Chinese Herbs Extracts
2.2. Discussion
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Cyanobacteria Culture and Chinese Medicinal Herbs
3.2. Preparation of the Extracts
3.3. Measurement of Anticyanobacterial Activity
3.4. Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
3.5. Extraction and Measurement of Cyanobacterial Chlorophyll a
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References and Notes
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Botanical name | English name | Part tested | M.aeruginosa |
---|---|---|---|
Control | N | − | |
P | ++ | ||
Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc | Medical Dogwood | Fruit | +++ |
Malaphis chinensis | Gallnut | Gallae | +++ |
Fructus mume | Smoked Plum | Fruit | +++ |
Cynips gallae-tinctoriae Olivier | Nutgall | Gallae | +++ |
Euphorbia humifusa Willd | Humifuse Spurge | Whole plant | ++ |
Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance | Ash Bark | Peel | ++ |
Crataegus pinnatifida | Hawthorn | Fruit | ++ |
Rubia cordifolia Linn. | India Madder Root | Whole plant | + |
Polygala tenuifolia Willd | Thinleaf Milkwort Root | Whole plant | + |
Acorus tatarinowii Schott | Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii | Whole plant | + |
Sophora flavescens Alt | Lightyellow Sophora Root | Rhizome | + |
Rhizoma Chuanxiong | Ligusticum Chuanxiong Hort | Rhizome | + |
Rhizoma Corydalis | Yanhusuo | Whole plant | + |
Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl | Weeping Forsythia | Whole plant | + |
Herba Patriniae | White flower Patrinia Herb | Whole plant | + |
Ranunculus ternatus Thunb | Radix Ranunculi Ternati | Whole plant | + |
Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms | Weter Hyacinth | Branch | − |
Suaeda glauca Bge | Common Seepweed Herb | Whole plant | − |
Houttuynia cordata Thuhb | Herba Houttuyniae | Whole plant | − |
Isatis tinctoria L | Isatis Root | Rhizome | − |
Herba Taraxaci | Dandelion | Whole plant | − |
Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel | Anemone | Whole plant | − |
CoptischinensisFranch | Coptis Chinensis | Whole plant | − |
Folium Isatidis | Folium Isatidis | Leaf | − |
Prunella vulgaris | Spica Prunellae | Whole plant | − |
Punica granatum | Pomegranate | Peel | − |
Terminalia chebula Retz | Medicine Terminalia Fruit | Fruit | − |
Gardenia: jasminoides Ellis | Cape Jasmine | Fruit | − |
Viola philippica ssp.munda W. Beck | Purple flower Violet | Leaf | − |
Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge | Common Rhizoma Anemarrhenae | Fruit | − |
Rhizoma Cyperi | Nutgrass Galingale Rhizom | Fruit | − |
Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb.et Zucc | Gromwell Root | Whole plant | − |
Herba Artemisiae Annuae | Sweet Wormwood Herb | Whole plant | − |
Zanthoxylum bungeanum | Pricklyash Peel | Fruit | − |
Aucklandia lappa Decne. | Radix Aucklandiae | Rhizome | − |
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch | Licorice Roots Northwest Origin | Whole plant | − |
Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae | Glabrous Greenbrier Rhizome | Rhizome | − |
Sanguisorba officinalis Linn | Garden Burnet | Rhizome | − |
Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae | Dried Tangerine peel | peel | − |
Herba Senecionis Scandentis | Climbing Groundsel Herb | Whole plant | − |
Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill | Chinese Magnolivine Fruit | Fruit | − |
Clematis chinensis Osbeck | Radix Clematidis | Whole plant | − |
Drynaria fortunei (Kunze) J. SM | -- | Rhizome | − |
Benincasa hispide Thunb | White gourd | Peel | − |
Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge | Astragali | Rhizome | − |
Bupleurum chinense DC | Bupleuri | Rhizome | − |
Geranium wilfordii Maxim | Herba erodii | Whole plant | − |
Subgen. Tsutsusi (G. Don) Pojarkova | Loquat | Leaf | − |
Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae | Cinnamon | Rhizome | − |
Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.) Nees | Common Andrographis Herb | Whole plant | − |
Lonicera japonica Thunb | Flos Lonicerae | Flower | − |
Tradescantia albiflora | -- | Whole plant | − |
Portulaca oleracea Linn | Purslane | Whole plant | − |
Plantago asiatica L | plantain | Whole plant | − |
Trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl.)Lem | Caulis Trachelospermi | Whole plant | − |
Semen Cassiae | Cassia Seed | Seed | − |
Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth | Agastache rugosa | Whole plant | − |
Folium llicis Latifoliae | Broadleaf Holly leaf | Leaf | − |
Cyrtomium fortunei J. Sm | Cyrtomii Rhizoma | Rhizome | − |
Herba Menthae Heplocalycis | Wild Mint Herb | Leaf | − |
Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. Et Perry | Flos Caryophyllata | Leaf | − |
Platycladus orientalis (Linn.)Franco | Arborvitae | Leaf | − |
Magnolia liliiflora Desr | Flos Magnoliae | Fruit | − |
Areca catechu Linn | Betel nut | Peel | − |
Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. f. | Borneol | Resin | − |
Sterculia lychnophera Hance | Boat-fruited Sterculia Seed | Fruit | − |
Gynostemma pentaphyllum Thunb. Makino | Fiveleaf Gynostemma Herb | Leaf | − |
Reynoutria japonica Houtt | Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati | Leaf | − |
Botanical name | English name | Part tested | MIC (mg/mL) |
---|---|---|---|
Cynips gallae-tinctoriae Olivier | Nutgall | Gallae | 0.39 |
Malaphis chinensis | gallnu | Gallae | 0.39 |
Herba Patriniae | White flower Patrinia Herb | Whole plant | 0.78 |
Fructus mume | Smoked Plum | Fruit | 0.78 |
Crataegus pinnatifida | Nippon Hawthorn Fruit | Fruit | 3.125 |
Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc | Medical Dogwood | Fruit | 3.125 |
Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance | Ash Bark | Peel | 3.125 |
Euphorbia humifusa Willd | Humifuse Spurge | Whole plant | 3.125 |
Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl | Weeping Forsythia | Whole plant | 6.25 |
Polygala tenuifolia Willd | Thinleaf Milkwort Root | Whole plant | 6.25 |
Rubia cordifolia Linn. | India Madder Root | Whole plant | 6.25 |
Ranunculus ternatus Thunb | Radix Ranunculi Ternati | Whole plant | 12.5 |
Acorus tatarinowii Schott | Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii | Whole plant | 12.5 |
Rhizoma Chuanxiong | Ligusticum Chuanxiong Hort | Rhizome | 12.5 |
Sophora flavescens Alt | Lightyellow Sophora Root | Rhizome | 25 |
Rhizoma Corydalis | Yanhusuo | Whole plant | 25 |
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Yang, J.-D.; Hu, L.-B.; Zhou, W.; Yin, Y.-F.; Chen, J.; Shi, Z.-Q. Lysis of Microcystis aeruginosa with Extracts from Chinese Medicinal Herbs. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2009, 10, 4157-4167. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms10094157
Yang J-D, Hu L-B, Zhou W, Yin Y-F, Chen J, Shi Z-Q. Lysis of Microcystis aeruginosa with Extracts from Chinese Medicinal Herbs. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2009; 10(9):4157-4167. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms10094157
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Jing-Dong, Liang-Bin Hu, Wei Zhou, Yu-Fen Yin, Jian Chen, and Zhi-Qi Shi. 2009. "Lysis of Microcystis aeruginosa with Extracts from Chinese Medicinal Herbs" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 10, no. 9: 4157-4167. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms10094157