10-HDA, A Major Fatty Acid of Royal Jelly, Exhibits pH Dependent Growth-Inhibitory Activity Against Different Strains of Paenibacillus larvae
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. ERIC Genotypes of Bacterial Strains
2.2. Effect of pH and Substance PIPES on Growth of P. larvae
2.3. Efficacy of 10-HDA Against P. larvae at Various pH Levels
2.4. Susceptibility of Culture Strains, Field Isolates, Vegetative Cells and Spores of P. larvae to 10-HDA
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Fatty Acid
4.2. P. larvae Strains
4.3. ERIC-PCR Genotyping
4.4. Cultivation of P. larvae
4.5. Preparation of Spores
4.6. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Assay
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Not available. |
Strain | Source | ERIC Genotype | MIC* (μg/μL) |
---|---|---|---|
CCUG 28515 | CCUG | I | 1.05 ± 0.16 |
LMG 9820 | LMG | I | 0.60 ± 0.00 |
CCM 4483 | CCM | I | 1.20 ± 0.00 |
CCM 4486 | CCM | II | 1.28 ± 0.15 |
CCM 38a | CCM | III | 2.80 ± 0.00 |
CCM 38b | CCM | IV | 2.60 ± 0.00 |
CCM 39 | CCM | III | 2.60 ± 0.00 |
1-99 | diseased brood | II | 1.47 ± 0.14 |
2-99 | diseased brood | II | 1.40 ± 0.00 |
3-99 | diseased brood | II | 1.02 ± 0.18 |
4-99 | diseased brood | II | 1.27 ± 0.14 |
1-09 | diseased brood | II | 1.20 ± 0.00 |
3-09 | diseased brood | II | 1.78 ± 0.04 |
4-09 | diseased brood | II | 1.11 ± 0.09 |
5-09 | diseased brood | II | 1.40 ± 0.00 |
6-09 | diseased brood | II | 1.58 ± 0.04 |
7-09 | diseased brood | II | 1.35 ± 0.09 |
1-11 | ground stock | II | 0.98 ± 0.04 |
2-11 | ground stock | II | 1.35 ± 0.09 |
4-11 | ground stock | II | 1.60 ± 0.00 |
7-11 | ground stock | II | 1.33 ± 0.11 |
8-11 | diseased brood | II | 1.38 ± 0.04 |
11-11 | ground stock | II | 1.50 ± 0.11 |
13-11 | ground stock | II | 1.18 ± 0.04 |
14-11 | ground stock | II | 1.20 ± 0.00 |
17-11 | ground stock | II | 0.93 ± 0.11 |
21-11 | ground stock | II | 1.78 ± 0.04 |
22-11 | ground stock | II | 1.50 ± 0.11 |
23-11 | ground stock | II | 1.38 ± 0.04 |
24-11 | ground stock | II | 1.40 ± 0.00 |
25-11 | ground stock | II | 1.20 ± 0.00 |
26-11 | ground stock | II | 1.43 ± 0.17 |
34-11 | ground stock | II | 1.58 ± 0.04 |
1-14 | diseased brood | II | 1.38 ± 0.04 |
2-14 | diseased brood | II | 1.58 ± 0.04 |
3-14 | diseased brood | II | 1.40 ± 0.00 |
4-14 | diseased brood | II | 0.60 ± 0.00 |
5-14 | diseased brood | II | 1.38 ± 0.04 |
6-14 | diseased brood | II | 1.00 ± 0.00 |
7-14 | diseased brood | II | 1.40 ± 0.00 |
Strain | ERIC Genotype | MIC (μg/μL) * | |
---|---|---|---|
Vegetative Cells | Spores | ||
CCUG 28515 | I | 1.05 ± 0.16 | 1.05 ± 0.16 |
LMG 9820 | I | 0.60 ± 0.00 | 0.60 ± 0.00 |
CCM 4483 | I | 1.20 ± 0.00 | 0.98 ± 0.04 |
CCM 4486 | II | 1.28 ± 0.15 | 0.60 ± 0.00 |
PL 2-11 | II | 1.35 ± 0.09 | 1.18 ± 0.04 |
PL 4-11 | II | 1.60 ± 0.00 | 1.20 ± 0.00 |
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Šedivá, M.; Laho, M.; Kohútová, L.; Mojžišová, A.; Majtán, J.; Klaudiny, J. 10-HDA, A Major Fatty Acid of Royal Jelly, Exhibits pH Dependent Growth-Inhibitory Activity Against Different Strains of Paenibacillus larvae. Molecules 2018, 23, 3236. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123236
Šedivá M, Laho M, Kohútová L, Mojžišová A, Majtán J, Klaudiny J. 10-HDA, A Major Fatty Acid of Royal Jelly, Exhibits pH Dependent Growth-Inhibitory Activity Against Different Strains of Paenibacillus larvae. Molecules. 2018; 23(12):3236. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123236
Chicago/Turabian StyleŠedivá, Mária, Maroš Laho, Lenka Kohútová, Andrea Mojžišová, Juraj Majtán, and Jaroslav Klaudiny. 2018. "10-HDA, A Major Fatty Acid of Royal Jelly, Exhibits pH Dependent Growth-Inhibitory Activity Against Different Strains of Paenibacillus larvae" Molecules 23, no. 12: 3236. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123236