Fumigant Antifungal Activity of Myrtaceae Essential Oils and Constituents from Leptospermum petersonii against Three Aspergillus Species
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Fumigant Antifungal Activity of Plant Essential Oils
Plant species | Conc., ×10−3 mg/mL air | Inhibition rate (Mean ± S.E., %) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Aspergillus ochraceus | Aspergillus flavus | Aspergillus niger | ||
Eucalyptus citriodora | 56 | 0d 1 | 23.5 ± 2.6c | 0c |
Eucalyptus polybractea | 56 | 0d | 0d | 0c |
Eucalyptus smithii | 56 | 0d | 0d | 0c |
Eucalyptus radiata | 56 | 0d | 0d | 0c |
Eucalyptus dives | 56 | 0d | 0d | 0c |
Eucalyptus globulus | 56 | 26.1 ± 0.4b | 0d | 0c |
Melaleuca dissitiflora | 56 | 21.5 ± 0.6c | 22.9 ± 1.9c | 0c |
Melaleuca quinquenervia | 56 | 26.5 ± 0.4b | 34.4 ± 7.0b | 0c |
Melaleuca uncinata | 56 | 0d | 0d | 0c |
Melaleuca linariifolia | 56 | 0d | 0d | 0c |
Leptospermum petersonii | 56 | 100a | 100a | 100a |
28 | 100a | 100a | 100a | |
14 | 0d | 20.2 ± 4.3c | 18.8 ± 13.4b | |
F13,42 = 0.25 | F13,42 = 5.68 | F13,42 = 12.84 | ||
p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 |
2.2. Chemical Components of Plant Essential Oils
No. | Compounds | RI 2 | Amount (w/w, %) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
DB-1 | FFAP | |||
1 | α-Pinene | 928 | 1014 | 0.54 |
2 | 6-Methyl-5-heptene-2-one | 964 | 1330 | 0.77 |
3 | β-Pinene | 967 | 1098 | 0.24 |
4 | β-Myrcene | 981 | 1155 | 1.26 |
5 | p-Cymene | 1012 | 1261 | 0.07 |
6 | 1,8-Cineole | 1018 | 1196 | 0.09 |
7 | Limonene | 1020 | 1189 | 0.11 |
8 | Linalool | 1084 | 1536 | 3.25 |
9 | Isopulegol | 1128 | 1559 | 5.20 |
10 | Citronellal | 1131 | 1470 | 16.72 |
11 | Citronellol | 1211 | 1753 | 6.00 |
12 | Neral | 1216 | 1670 | 22.83 |
13 | Geraniol | 1236 | 1834 | 3.63 |
14 | Geranial | 1245 | 1721 | 29.91 |
15 | β-Caryophyllene | 1414 | 1583 | 0.14 |
16 | Aromadendrene | 1435 | 1597 | 0.08 |
Sum of identified compounds | 90.85 |
2.3. Antifungal Activities of Individual Compounds
Compounds | Conc., ×10−3 mg/mL air | Inhibition rate (Mean±S.E., %) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Aspergillus ochraceus | Aspergillus flavus | Aspergillus niger | ||
α-Pinene | 56 | 0f 1 | 0d | 0e |
6-Methyl-5-heptene-2-one | 56 | 0f | 0d | 0e |
β-Pinene | 56 | 0f | 0d | 0e |
β-Myrcene | 56 | 0f | 0d | 0e |
p-Cymene | 56 | 0f | 0d | 0e |
1,8-Cineole | 56 | 0f | 0d | 0e |
Limonene | 56 | 0f | 0d | 0e |
Linalool | 56 | 36.6 ± 0.8d | 0d | 0e |
Isopulegol | 56 | 34.6 ± 3.2d | 0d | 33.4 ± 2.2cd |
Citronellal | 56 | 0f | 0d | 16.2 ± 11.8de |
Citronellol | 56 | 83.7 ± 3.3b | 90 ± 0.7a | 81.1 ± 9.0b |
28 | 29.4 ± 3.0de | 37.7 ± 4.1b | 35.3 ± 7.0c | |
Neral | 56 | 100a | 100a | 100a |
28 | 100a | 26.9 ± 2.1bc | 0e | |
14 | 100a | -2 | - | |
7 | 34.1 ± 4.2d | - | - | |
Geraniol | 56 | 64.6 ± 7.5c | 36.7 ± 11.3b | 77.1 ± 9.8b |
28 | 38.4 ± 4.4d | - | 0e | |
Geranial | 56 | 100a | 100a | 100a |
28 | 100a | 29.8±3.3bc | 0e | |
14 | 20.1 ± 3.8e | 22.3 ± 3.5c | - | |
β-Caryophyllene | 56 | 0f | 0d | 0e |
Aromadendrene | 56 | 0f | 0d | 0e |
F22,69 = 6.14 | F19,60 = 8.77 | F19,60 = 18.71 | ||
p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 |
2.4. Antifungal Activity of Artificial Blends
3. Experimental
3.1. Fungal Strains and Culture Conditions
3.2. Essential Oils and Chemicals
3.3. Chemical Analysis of L. petersonii Oil
3.5. Antifungal Activity of Artificial Blends
3.6. Stastistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
References
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Kim, E.; Park, I.-K. Fumigant Antifungal Activity of Myrtaceae Essential Oils and Constituents from Leptospermum petersonii against Three Aspergillus Species. Molecules 2012, 17, 10459-10469. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules170910459
Kim E, Park I-K. Fumigant Antifungal Activity of Myrtaceae Essential Oils and Constituents from Leptospermum petersonii against Three Aspergillus Species. Molecules. 2012; 17(9):10459-10469. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules170910459
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Eunae, and Il-Kwon Park. 2012. "Fumigant Antifungal Activity of Myrtaceae Essential Oils and Constituents from Leptospermum petersonii against Three Aspergillus Species" Molecules 17, no. 9: 10459-10469. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules170910459