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Processes
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Chemical Looping Combustion, Gasification and Fuel Conversion Technology
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Chemical Looping Combustion, Gasification and Fuel Conversion Technology

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2024 | Viewed by 3802

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Codina Movileanu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
“Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl., Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: chemical kinetics in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems; combustion and flames of gases; flammability of gaseous mixtures in air; safety recommendations, for closed and open systems where deflagrations may occur; nanomaterials for biomedical applications

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The depletion of the reserves of fossil fuels and the increasing necessity for CO2 reduction entail the development of novel fuel conversion technology with high efficiency and low carbon footprint. Chemical looping is a novel promising technology enabling efficient fuel conversion with CO2 capture. Chemical looping combustion is a typical example of a technology where oxygen carrier materials are employed to provide gaseous or solid-state oxygen, preventing direct contact between fuel and air. This technology could contribute to higher thermal plant efficiency and inherent CO2 separation.

The chemical looping technology can be extended to a wide range of applications due to the flexibility of the oxygen carrier materials and redox agents, such as the chemical looping gasification of coal/biomass, chemical looping oxidative coupling of methane, chemical looping reforming of liquid fuels, chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation, and chemical looping ammonia synthesis. Using chemical looping technologies, various fossil and renewable energies can be efficiently converted to different fuels and chemicals (e.g., H2, CO, synthesis gas, ammonia, alkene). At present, chemical looping represents a priority of research and one of the most important topics in fuel conversion.

We are pleased to invite you to submit your work to this Special Issue. We look forward to receiving your original research and studies.

Dr. Codina Movileanu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oxygen carrier design and development
  • chemical looping combustion
  • chemical looping gasification
  • chemical looping combustion modelling
  • chemical looping reforming
  • new applications of chemical looping

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 5720 KiB  
Article
Numerical Study of PBX 9501 Explosive Combustion Process in Confined Space
by Yupeng Hu, Jiawen Liu, Qiang Wan, Meng Zhang and Minghai Li
Processes 2023, 11(7), 2056; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11072056 - 10 Jul 2023
Viewed by 745
Abstract
Explosives combustion is primarily classified into conductive and convective combustion. In situations where confinement is sufficiently strong, the instantaneous high pressure generated by convective combustion in cracks can cause rapid fragmentation of the explosive matrix, resulting in a significant increase in the combustion [...] Read more.
Explosives combustion is primarily classified into conductive and convective combustion. In situations where confinement is sufficiently strong, the instantaneous high pressure generated by convective combustion in cracks can cause rapid fragmentation of the explosive matrix, resulting in a significant increase in the combustion surface area and triggering a high-intensity reaction with potentially catastrophic consequences. Therefore, the study of convective combustion in cracks is crucial for ensuring the safety of weapons and explosives. Previous simulation studies have primarily used finite element analysis software, which has excellent performance in handling explosive detonation processes. However, its accuracy in describing gas behavior between explosives and constrained containers is limited. This study divides the combustion process of a pre-cracked explosive in a confined space into four stages based on reasonable assumptions and simplifications. We developed a simulation method that combines the Arrhenius formula with the MWSD model to model the combustion rate of the explosive. By introducing a correction coefficient, Con, to the Arrhenius formula, the formula and MWSD model control the first and third stages of explosive combustion, respectively, while smoothly transitioning during the second stage. We used this method to numerically simulate the experimental results of Shang Hailin et al. on a crack width of 50 μm. The simulation results include the temperature field and pressure field of the first three stages of explosive combustion and the pressure rise curve of the pressure measurement point at the same location, as in the experiment. The simulation results are consistent with the experimental results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemical Looping Combustion, Gasification and Fuel Conversion Technology)
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14 pages, 1803 KiB  
Article
Dynamics of Pressure Variation in Closed Vessel Explosions of Diluted Fuel/Oxidant Mixtures
by Venera Giurcan, Domnina Razus, Maria Mitu and Codina Movileanu
Processes 2022, 10(12), 2726; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10122726 - 16 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1461
Abstract
Nitrous oxide is widely used as oxidizer or nitriding agent in numerous industrial activities such as production of adipic acid and caprolactam and even for production of some semiconductors. Further, it is used as an additive in order to increase the power output [...] Read more.
Nitrous oxide is widely used as oxidizer or nitriding agent in numerous industrial activities such as production of adipic acid and caprolactam and even for production of some semiconductors. Further, it is used as an additive in order to increase the power output of engines, and as an oxidizer in propulsion systems of rockets, because it has a large heat of formation (+81.6 kJ mol−1). N2O is highly exothermic, and during its decomposition a supplementary heat amount is released, so it needs special handling conditions. The combustion of fuels in nitrous oxide atmosphere can lead to high unstable and turbulent deflagrations that speedily self-accelerate and therefore a deflagration can change to a detonation. The peak explosion pressure and the maximum rate of pressure rise of explosions in confined spaces are key safety parameters to evaluate the hazard of processes running in closed vessels and for design of enclosures able to withstand explosions or of their vents used as relief devices. The present study reports some major explosion parameters such as the maximum (peak) explosion pressures pmax, explosion times θmax, maximum rates of pressure rise (dp/dt)max and severity factors KG for ethylene-nitrous oxide mixtures (lean and stoichiometric) diluted with various amounts of N2, at various initial pressures (p0 = 0.50–1.50 bar), in experiments performed in a spherical vessel centrally ignited by inductive-capacitive electric sparks. The influence of the initial pressure and composition on pmax, θmax and (dp/dt)max is discussed. The data are compared with similar values referring to ethylene-air mixtures measured in the same initial conditions. It was found that at identical C/O ratios with ethylene-air, ethylene-N2O-N2 mixtures develop higher explosion pressures and higher rates of pressure rise, due to the exothermic dissociation of N2O under flame conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemical Looping Combustion, Gasification and Fuel Conversion Technology)
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10 pages, 954 KiB  
Article
Effect of Coal Blending on Ash Fusibility and Slurryability of Xinjiang Low-Rank Coal
by Hui Li, Xiaoling Song, Gang Li, Lingxue Kong, Huaizhu Li, Jin Bai and Wen Li
Processes 2022, 10(9), 1693; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10091693 - 26 Aug 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1034
Abstract
This work investigated the effect of coal blending on ash fusibility and slurryability of Xinjiang low-rank coal. The results showed that Xinjiang low-rank coals were characterized by high internal water content, high volatile content, high ash fusing point, and poor slurryability, which can [...] Read more.
This work investigated the effect of coal blending on ash fusibility and slurryability of Xinjiang low-rank coal. The results showed that Xinjiang low-rank coals were characterized by high internal water content, high volatile content, high ash fusing point, and poor slurryability, which can not be directly used in coal water slurry gasification. The blending method not only reduced the ash fusibility but also improved the slurryability of these low-rank coals. When the coals with low calcium and high silicon contents (KG and YK) were blended with coal with high calcium content (SH), the ash fusion temperatures of the blended coal were significantly reduced. Moreover, the SH coal showed the worst slurryability performance with a concentration of 48.56%. The slurryability of HS coal can be dramatically improved by blending with KG. When the mass fraction of KG coal reached 70%, the concentration of coal water slurry increased by 11%. For the blended coal of KG and YK, the concentration and stability of coal water slurry gradually increase with the increasing mass ratio of KG. The coal blending method can effectively improve the concentration of coal water slurry for the low-rank coals, which were difficult-to-prepare slurry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemical Looping Combustion, Gasification and Fuel Conversion Technology)
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