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Plant Genome Editing
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Plant Genome Editing

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2024) | Viewed by 4891

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lei Gao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Interests: bioinformatics; phylogenetics; molecular evolution

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Genome-editing technology enables breeders to precisely adjust traits of interest with unprecedented control and efficiency for the first time. The emergence of genome editing has aroused people's enthusiasm, but also triggered controversy, bringing challenges to global regulation and governance. Plant genome editing plays a key role in gene function research, crop genetic improvement, yield improvement, disease and pest control, molecular precision breeding, etc. It will make a significant contribution to achieving a variety of sustainable development goals. With the rapid progress of science, policy and management methods have become increasingly important. At present, some countries have made legislative adjustments to these technologies or issued guidelines to support the use of genome editing. Other countries have also discussed the future path of this, but the legal classification is not clear or the consensus is hindered due to the debate on transgenic plants.

This research topic aims to collect articles on the latest progress and future goals of genome editing, as well as contributions to regulatory, social and socio-economic aspects, ethics, risk assessment, management and biosafety research. We will focus on how to define the legal status of genome-editing products and how to carry out international policy coordination. Authors are particularly invited to discuss one or more of the following aspects:

1) Background—Plant genome editing:

  • Existing technologies and applications;
  • Future expectation of genome editing;
  • How to address global challenges.

2) Supervision, assessment, safety:

  • Summary of current biosafety regulations;
  • How to detect/execute;
  • Alternative regulatory approaches;
  • Does the established risk assessment strategy fit the purpose?
  • Methods for assessing non-targeted changes in the genome;
  • Triggers to guide appropriate and proportionate risk assessments.

3) Social, economic, morality and ethics:

  • How to responsibly develop and use genome editing: concepts, challenges and examples;
  • Cognition, such as similarities and differences between GM foods and genome-editing foods;
  • Possible social and socio-economic impacts of different regulatory scenarios;
  • Genome editing as a turning point in the ethical debate on plant genetic modification;
  • Ethical reasonableness of the precautionary principle on genome-editing risk issues.

Dr. Lei Gao
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant genome editing
  • Cas9/Cas12a
  • CRISPR/CRISPRa/CRISPRi
  • anti-CRISPR
  • gene editing
  • off target impact
  • prime editing
  • bioinformatics/database

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4536 KiB  
Article
Expediting Next-Generation Hybrid Technology in Recalcitrant Maize Inbreds through In Vivo Targeted Activity of CRISPR/Cas9
by Liudi Hou, Bing Xiao, Jinjie Zhu, Changlin Liu, Qingyu Wu, Chuanxiao Xie, Huawen Zou and Xiantao Qi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(11), 5832; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115832 - 27 May 2024
Viewed by 214
Abstract
The Manipulated Genic Male Sterile Maintainer (MGM) system, a next-generation hybrid seed technology, enables efficient production of sortable seeds from genic male sterile (GMS) lines. However, implementing robust MGM systems in commercial maize inbred lines requires stable transformation, a genotype-specific and laborious process. [...] Read more.
The Manipulated Genic Male Sterile Maintainer (MGM) system, a next-generation hybrid seed technology, enables efficient production of sortable seeds from genic male sterile (GMS) lines. However, implementing robust MGM systems in commercial maize inbred lines requires stable transformation, a genotype-specific and laborious process. This study aimed to integrate MGM technology into the commercial maize inbred line Z372, developing both GMS and MGM lines. We utilized the MGM line ZC01-3A-7, which contains the MS26ΔE5 editor T-DNA and MGM T-DNA, previously established in the highly transformable ZC01 recipient plants. Through a combination of crossing and backcrossing with Z372, we targeted the fertility gene Ms26 within the Z372 genome for mutation using the in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 activity within the MS26ΔE5 editor T-DNA construct. This approach facilitated precise editing of the Ms26 locus, minimizing linkage drag associated with the Ms26 mutation. Whole-genome SNP analysis achieved a 98.74% recovery rate for GMS and 96.32% for MGM in the BC2F2 generation. Importantly, the Z372-GMS line with the ms26ΔE5 mutation is non-transgenic, avoiding linkage drag and demonstrating production readiness. This study represents a significant advancement in maize breeding, enabling the rapid generation of GMS and MGM lines for efficient hybrid seed production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Genome Editing)
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10 pages, 2130 KiB  
Article
CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knock-Out of the MtCLE35 Gene Highlights Its Key Role in the Control of Symbiotic Nodule Numbers under High-Nitrate Conditions
by Maria A. Lebedeva, Daria A. Dobychkina and Lyudmila A. Lutova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(23), 16816; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242316816 - 27 Nov 2023
Viewed by 863
Abstract
Legume plants have the ability to establish a symbiotic relationship with soil bacteria known as rhizobia. The legume–rhizobium symbiosis results in the formation of symbiotic root nodules, where rhizobia fix atmospheric nitrogen. A host plant controls the number of symbiotic nodules to meet [...] Read more.
Legume plants have the ability to establish a symbiotic relationship with soil bacteria known as rhizobia. The legume–rhizobium symbiosis results in the formation of symbiotic root nodules, where rhizobia fix atmospheric nitrogen. A host plant controls the number of symbiotic nodules to meet its nitrogen demands. CLE (CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION) peptides produced in the root in response to rhizobial inoculation and/or nitrate have been shown to control the number of symbiotic nodules. Previously, the MtCLE35 gene was found to be upregulated by rhizobia and nitrate treatment in Medicago truncatula, which systemically inhibited nodulation when overexpressed. In this study, we obtained several knock-out lines in which the MtCLE35 gene was mutated using the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated system. M. truncatula lines with the MtCLE35 gene knocked out produced increased numbers of nodules in the presence of nitrate in comparison to wild-type plants. Moreover, in the presence of nitrate, the expression levels of two other nodulation-related MtCLE genes, MtCLE12 and MtCLE13, were reduced in rhizobia-inoculated roots, whereas no significant difference in MtCLE35 gene expression was observed between nitrate-treated and rhizobia-inoculated control roots. Together, these findings suggest the key role of MtCLE35 in the number of nodule numbers under high-nitrate conditions, under which the expression levels of other nodulation-related MtCLE genes are reduced. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Genome Editing)
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19 pages, 26980 KiB  
Article
Multiomics Reveals the Regulatory Mechanisms of Arabidopsis Tissues under Heat Stress
by Haolang Chen, Mingxi Guo, Mingyang Cui, Yu Yu, Jie Cui, Chao Liang, Lin Liu, Beixin Mo and Lei Gao
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(13), 11081; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241311081 - 4 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1360
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of responses to high temperatures in Arabidopsis will provide insights into how plants may mitigate heat stress under global climate change. And exploring the interconnections of different modification levels in heat stress response could help us to understand the molecular [...] Read more.
Understanding the mechanisms of responses to high temperatures in Arabidopsis will provide insights into how plants may mitigate heat stress under global climate change. And exploring the interconnections of different modification levels in heat stress response could help us to understand the molecular mechanism of heat stress response in Arabidopsis more comprehensively and precisely. In this paper, we combined multiomics analyses to explore the common heat stress-responsive genes and specific heat-responsive metabolic pathways in Arabidopsis leaf, seedling, and seed tissues. We found that genes such as AT1G54050 play a role in promoting proper protein folding in response to HS (Heat stress). In addition, it was revealed that the binding profile of A1B is altered under elevated temperature conditions. Finally, we also show that two microRNAs, ath-mir156h and ath-mir166b-5p, may be core regulatory molecules in HS. Also elucidated that under HS, plants can regulate specific regulatory mechanisms, such as oxygen levels, by altering the degree of CHH methylation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Genome Editing)
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15 pages, 4000 KiB  
Article
OsNPR1 Enhances Rice Resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by Upregulating Rice Defense Genes and Repressing Bacteria Virulence Genes
by Xing Dai, Yankai Wang, Kaili Yu, Yonghui Zhao, Langyu Xiong, Ruozhong Wang and Shengben Li
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(10), 8687; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108687 - 12 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1795
Abstract
The bacteria pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) infects rice and causes the severe disease of rice bacteria blight. As the central regulator of the salic acid (SA) signaling pathway, NPR1 is responsible for sensing SA and inducing the expression of [...] Read more.
The bacteria pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) infects rice and causes the severe disease of rice bacteria blight. As the central regulator of the salic acid (SA) signaling pathway, NPR1 is responsible for sensing SA and inducing the expression of pathogen-related (PR) genes in plants. Overexpression of OsNPR1 significantly increases rice resistance to Xoo. Although some downstream rice genes were found to be regulated by OsNPR1, how OsNPR1 affects the interaction of rice-Xoo and alters Xoo gene expression remains unknown. In this study, we challenged the wild-type and OsNPR1-OE rice materials with Xoo and performed dual RNA-seq analyses for the rice and Xoo genomes simultaneously. In Xoo-infected OsNPR1-OE plants, rice genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis and SA signaling pathways, as well as PR genes and nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) genes, were significantly upregulated compared to rice variety TP309. On the other hand, Xoo genes involved in energy metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolism, and transportation were repressed. Many virulence genes of Xoo, including genes encoding components of type III and other secretion systems, were downregulated by OsNPR1 overexpression. Our results suggest that OsNPR1 enhances rice resistance to Xoo by bidirectionally regulating gene expression in rice and Xoo. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Genome Editing)
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