Journal Description
Current Oncology
Current Oncology
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal published online by MDPI (from Volume 28 Issue 1-2021). Established in 1994, the journal represents a multidisciplinary medium for clinical oncologists to report and review progress in the management of this disease. The Canadian Association of Medical Oncologists (CAMO), the Canadian Association of Psychosocial Oncology (CAPO), the Canadian Association of General Practitioners in Oncology (CAGPO), the Cell Therapy Transplant Canada (CTTC), the Canadian Leukemia Study Group (CLSG) and others are affiliated with the journal and their members receive a discount on the article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), PubMed, MEDLINE, PMC, Embase, and other databases.
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 18 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.8 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: APC discount vouchers, optional signed peer review, and reviewer names published annually in the journal.
Impact Factor:
2.6 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
2.9 (2022)
Latest Articles
Health Economic Evaluation of Lung Cancer Screening Using a Diagnostic Blood Test: The Early Detection of Cancer of the Lung Scotland (ECLS)
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3546-3562; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060261 (registering DOI) - 18 Jun 2024
Abstract
Background: Diagnostic blood tests have the potential to identify lung cancer in people at high risk. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of a lung cancer screening intervention, using the EarlyCDT®-Lung Test (ECLS) with subsequent X-ray and low-dose chest CT scans (LDCT) for
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Background: Diagnostic blood tests have the potential to identify lung cancer in people at high risk. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of a lung cancer screening intervention, using the EarlyCDT®-Lung Test (ECLS) with subsequent X-ray and low-dose chest CT scans (LDCT) for patients with a positive test result, compared to both usual care and LDCT screening for the target population. Methods: We conducted a model-based lifetime analysis from a UK NHS and personal social services perspective. We estimated incremental net monetary benefit (NMB) for the ECLS intervention compared to no screening and to LDCT screening. Results: The incremental NMB of ECLS intervention compared to no screening was GBP 33,179 (95% CI: −GBP 81,396, GBP 147,180) and GBP 140,609 (95% CI: -GBP 36,255, GBP 316,612), respectively, for a cost-effectiveness threshold of GBP 20,000 and GBP 30,000 per quality-adjusted life year. The same figures compared with LDCT screening were GBP 162,095 (95% CI: GBP 52,698, GBP 271,735) and GBP 52,185 (95% CI: −GBP 113,152, GBP 220,711). Conclusions: The ECLS intervention is the most cost-effective screening alternative, with the highest probability of being cost-effective, when compared to no screening or LDCT screening. This result may change with modifications of the parameters, suggesting that the three alternatives considered in the main analysis are potentially cost-effective.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Health Economics)
Open AccessArticle
Outcome of an Accelerated Treatment Algorithm for Patients Developing Diarrhea as a Complication of Ipilimumab-Based Cancer Immunotherapy in a Community Practice
by
Clarice Ho and Wolfram Samlowski
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3529-3545; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060260 - 18 Jun 2024
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Immune-mediated diarrhea represents a serious complication of checkpoint inhibitor therapy, especially following ipilimumab-based treatment. Efficient diagnosis and control of diarrhea remains an ongoing challenge. We developed an accelerated management paradigm for patients with ipilimumab-induced diarrhea. Patients who developed significant diarrhea (>five loose stools/day)
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Immune-mediated diarrhea represents a serious complication of checkpoint inhibitor therapy, especially following ipilimumab-based treatment. Efficient diagnosis and control of diarrhea remains an ongoing challenge. We developed an accelerated management paradigm for patients with ipilimumab-induced diarrhea. Patients who developed significant diarrhea (>five loose stools/day) were presumed to be developing immune colitis. Therapy was interrupted and patients were treated with a methylprednisolone dose pack. If diarrhea was not completely resolved, high-dose steroids and infliximab were promptly added. Only non-responding patients underwent further evaluation for infection or other causes of diarrhea. A total of 242 patients were treated with ipilimumab-based regimens. Forty-six developed significant diarrhea (19%) and thirty-four (74.4%) had a rapid resolution of diarrhea following glucocorticosteroid and infliximab treatment. The median time to resolution of diarrhea was only 8.5 ± 16.4 days. Accelerated treatment for presumed immune-mediated diarrhea resulted in the rapid control of symptoms in the majority of patients. There were no intestinal complications or deaths. Immunosuppressive therapy for diarrhea did not appear to decrease the remission rate or survival. After the control of diarrhea, most patients were able to continue their planned immunotherapy. Further testing in 11/46 patients with unresponsive diarrhea revealed additional diagnoses, allowing their treatment to be adjusted.
Full article
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Open AccessArticle
How to Balance Prognostic Factors in Controlled Phase II Trials: Stratified Permuted Block Randomization or Minimization? An Analysis of Clinical Trials in Digestive Oncology
by
Elodie Martin, Karine Le Malicot, Catherine Guérin-Charbonnel, François Bocquet, Olivier Bouché, Anthony Turpin, Thomas Aparicio, Jean-Louis Legoux, Laetitia Dahan, Julien Taieb, Côme Lepage, Louis-Marie Dourthe, Caroline Pétorin, Vincent Bourgeois, Jean-Luc Raoul and Valérie Seegers
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3513-3528; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060259 - 17 Jun 2024
Abstract
In controlled phase II trials, major prognostic factors need to be well balanced between arms. The main procedures used are SPBR (Stratified Permuted Block Randomization) and minimization. First, we provide a systematic review of the treatment allocation procedure used in gastrointestinal oncology controlled
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In controlled phase II trials, major prognostic factors need to be well balanced between arms. The main procedures used are SPBR (Stratified Permuted Block Randomization) and minimization. First, we provide a systematic review of the treatment allocation procedure used in gastrointestinal oncology controlled phase II trials published in 2019. Second, we performed simulations using data from six phase II studies to measure the impacts of imbalances and bias on the efficacy estimations. From the 40 articles analyzed, all mentioned randomization in both the title and abstract, the median number of patients included was 109, and 77.5% were multicenter. Of the 27 studies that reported at least one stratification variable, 10 included the center as a stratification variable, 10 used minimization, 9 used SBR, and 8 were unspecified. In real data studies, the imbalance increased with the number of centers. The total and marginal imbalances were higher with SBR than with minimization, and the difference increased with the number of centers. The efficiency estimates per arm were close to the original trial estimate in both procedures. Minimization is often used in cases of numerous centers and guarantees better similarity between arms for stratification variables for total and marginal imbalances in phase II trials.
Full article
Open AccessReview
A Review of Immunotherapy in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
by
Mariana Pilon Capella, Steph A. Pang, Marcos A. Magalhaes and Khashayar Esfahani
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3495-3512; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060258 - 17 Jun 2024
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy in the form of immune checkpoint inhibitors has led to a dramatic increase in the survival of patients with lung cancer across all stages. Over the past decade, the field has experienced rapid maturation; however, several challenges continue to complicate patient
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Cancer immunotherapy in the form of immune checkpoint inhibitors has led to a dramatic increase in the survival of patients with lung cancer across all stages. Over the past decade, the field has experienced rapid maturation; however, several challenges continue to complicate patient management. This review aims to highlight the data that led to this dramatic shift in practice as well as to focus on key challenges. These include determining the optimal therapy duration, managing frail patients or those with brain metastases, addressing the challenges posed by immune-related adverse events, and defining the various patterns of clinical and radiological responses to immunotherapy.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Management and Outcomes of Lung Cancer Patients)
Open AccessConference Report
The 39th Annual CAPO Conference–Building Hope: Integrating Sustainable, Innovative and Accessible Care in Psychosocial Oncology 6 to 7 June 2024
by
Peter Traversa and Doris Howell
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3379-3494; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060257 - 16 Jun 2024
Abstract
On behalf of the Canadian Association of Psychosocial Oncology, we are pleased to present the Abstracts from the 2024 Annual Conference, titled “Building Hope: Integrating Sustainable, Innovative and Accessible Care in Psychosocial Oncology”. The Conference was held in Calgary from 6 June 2024
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On behalf of the Canadian Association of Psychosocial Oncology, we are pleased to present the Abstracts from the 2024 Annual Conference, titled “Building Hope: Integrating Sustainable, Innovative and Accessible Care in Psychosocial Oncology”. The Conference was held in Calgary from 6 June 2024 to 7 June 2024. This conference brought together key stakeholders including multidisciplinary professionals from nursing, psychology, psychiatry, social work, spiritual care, nutrition, medicine, rehabilitation medicine, occupational health and radiation therapy for both adult and pediatric populations. Participants included clinicians, researchers, educators in cancer care, community-based organizations and patient representatives. Patients, caregivers and family members presented abstracts that speak to their role in managing cancer experiences and care. Over one hundred (150) abstracts were selected for presentation as symposia, 20 min oral presentations, 10 min oral presentations, 90 min workshops and poster presentations. We congratulate all the presenters on their research work and contribution.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Psychosocial Oncology)
Open AccessArticle
The Development and Evaluation of Novel Patient Educational Material for a Variant of Uncertain Significance (VUS) Result in Hereditary Cancer Genes
by
Deborah Cragun, Marleah Dean, David Baker, Meghan Kelley, Gillian Hooker, Anne Weidner, Paige Hunt and Tuya Pal
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3361-3378; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060256 - 16 Jun 2024
Abstract
A Variant of Uncertain Significance (VUS) is a difference in the DNA sequence with uncertain consequences for gene function. A VUS in a hereditary cancer gene should not change medical care, yet some patients undergo medical procedures based on their VUS result, highlighting
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A Variant of Uncertain Significance (VUS) is a difference in the DNA sequence with uncertain consequences for gene function. A VUS in a hereditary cancer gene should not change medical care, yet some patients undergo medical procedures based on their VUS result, highlighting the unmet educational needs among patients and healthcare providers. To address this need, we developed, evaluated, and refined novel educational materials to explain that while VUS results do not change medical care, it remains important to share any personal or family history of cancer with family members given that their personal and family medical history can guide their cancer risk management. We began by reviewing the prior literature and transcripts from interviews with six individuals with a VUS result to identify content and design considerations to incorporate into educational materials. We then gathered feedback to improve materials via a focus group of multidisciplinary experts and multiple rounds of semi-structured interviews with individuals with a VUS result. Themes for how to improve content, visuals, and usefulness were used to refine the materials. In the final round of interviews with an additional 10 individuals with a VUS result, materials were described as relatable, useful, factual, and easy to navigate, and also increased their understanding of cancer gene VUS results.
Full article
Open AccessArticle
Attitudes toward Death among Health Care Professionals in the Balkan Region
by
Tomi Kovacevic, Bojan Zaric, Jelena Djekic Malbasa, Darijo Bokan, Borislava Nikolin, Daliborka Bursac, Petar Simurdic, Vladimir Stojsic, Goran Stojanovic and Dragana Maric
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3350-3360; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060255 - 16 Jun 2024
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Death is an unavoidable experience in any person’s life and affects not only the dying person but also their caregivers. The dying process has been displaced from homes to health care facilities in the majority of cases. Facing death
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Background and Objectives: Death is an unavoidable experience in any person’s life and affects not only the dying person but also their caregivers. The dying process has been displaced from homes to health care facilities in the majority of cases. Facing death and dying has become an everyday life of health care professionals (HCP), especially in palliative care (PC) settings. This study aimed to investigate the death attitudes among HCPs in Serbia. Materials and Methods: The Serbian version of the Death Attitude Profile-Revised (DAP-RSp) was used as a measurement instrument. Results: The average age of the 180 included participants was 42.2 ± 9.9 years; the majority were females (70.0%), with more than 10 years of working experience (73.0%), physicians (70.0%) and those working in a non-oncological (non-ONC) field (57.78%). The mean total score of DAP-RSp was 124.80 ± 22.44. The highest mean score was observed in the neutral acceptance dimension (NA) (5.82 ± 0.90) and lowest in the Escape acceptance (EA) (2.57 ± 1.21). Higher negative death attitudes were reported among nurses compared to physicians (p = 0.002). Statistically significant differences were observed in the fear of death (FD) and death avoidance (DA) domains, favoring PC specialists and oncologists (p = 0.004; p = 0.015). Physicians working in Oncology (ONC) showed lower FD values (p = 0.001) compared to non-ONC departments. Conclusions: Attitudes toward death among HCPs are of great importance for the well-being of both HCPs and patients. Negative attitudes can lead to deficient care. The fear of death is highly represented among Serbian HCPs working in non-ONC fields, including both nurses and physicians. This study emphasizes the need for further research to comprehensively explore and understand HCPs’ attitudes toward death. This research highlights the need for the development of an educational curriculum across all levels of medical education, aimed at overcoming the fear of death and enhancing coping strategies, which will improve the care for patients diagnosed with terminal illnesses.
Full article
Open AccessCase Report
Durable Objective Response to Lurbinectedin in Small Cell Bladder Cancer with TP53 Mutation: A Molecular-Directed Strategy
by
Mohammad Jad Moussa, Jaanki Khandelwal, Nathaniel R. Wilson, Sagar A. Naik, Vivek Subbiah, Matthew T. Campbell, Pavlos Msaouel, Parminder Singh and Omar Alhalabi
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3342-3349; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060254 - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
Small cell bladder cancer (SCBC) is a rare and aggressive disease, often treated with platinum/etoposide-based chemotherapy. Key molecular drivers include the inactivation of onco-suppressor genes (TP53, RB1) and amplifications in proto-oncogenes (MYC). We report a patient with SCBC
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Small cell bladder cancer (SCBC) is a rare and aggressive disease, often treated with platinum/etoposide-based chemotherapy. Key molecular drivers include the inactivation of onco-suppressor genes (TP53, RB1) and amplifications in proto-oncogenes (MYC). We report a patient with SCBC who achieved an objective and prolonged response to lurbinectedin, which has been approved for metastatic small cell lung cancer, after developing disease progression on cisplatin/etoposide and nivolumab/ipilimumab. A genomic analysis of a metastatic biopsy prior to lurbinectedin initiation revealed a TP53 mutation and amplification of the cell cycle regulators E2F3 and MYCL. A repeat biopsy following the development of lurbinectedin resistance showed a new actionable ERBB2 alteration without significant change in the tumor mutation burden (six mutations/Mb). The present report suggests that lurbinectedin may be active and should be further explored in SCBC harboring TP53 mutations and amplifications in E2F3 and MYC family complexes.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Genitourinary Oncology)
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Open AccessArticle
Patient and Provider Attitudes and Preferences Regarding Early Palliative Care Delivery for Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Prospective Survey
by
Oren Levine, Daryl Bainbridge, Gregory R. Pond, Marissa Slaven, Sukhbinder Dhesy-Thind, Jonathan Sussman and Ralph M. Meyer
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3329-3341; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060253 - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
Early integrated palliative care (EIPC) for patients with advanced cancers requires the involvement of family doctors (FDs) and oncologists. We compared attitudes between patients and their providers regarding the delivery of EIPC. Patients with newly diagnosed incurable gastrointestinal (GI) cancer at a tertiary
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Early integrated palliative care (EIPC) for patients with advanced cancers requires the involvement of family doctors (FDs) and oncologists. We compared attitudes between patients and their providers regarding the delivery of EIPC. Patients with newly diagnosed incurable gastrointestinal (GI) cancer at a tertiary cancer centre in Ontario, Canada, were surveyed using a study-specific instrument regarding the importance of and preferences for accessing support across eight domains of palliative care. Physicians within the circle of care completed a parallel survey for each patient. The concordance between patient and physician responses was analyzed. A total of 66 patients were surveyed (median age 69, 35% female). All had an oncologist, 12% had a specialist palliative care provider (SPC), and 97% had an FD, but only 41% listed the FD as part of the care team. In total, 95 providers responded (oncologist = 68, FD = 21, SPC = 6; response rate 92%; 1–3 physician responses per patient). Disease management and physical concerns were most important to patients. Patients preferred to access care in these domains from oncologists or SPCs. For all other domains, most patients attributed primary responsibility to self or family rather than any healthcare provider. Thus, concordance was poor between patient and physician responses. Across most domains of palliative care, we found low agreement between cancer patients and their physicians regarding responsibilities for care, with FDs appearing to have limited involvement at this stage.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Palliative Care and Supportive Medicine in Cancer)
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Open AccessReview
A Comprehensive Review and Insights into the New Entity of Differentiated High-Grade Thyroid Carcinoma
by
Agnes Stephanie Harahap, Regina Stefani Roren and Shofiyya Imtiyaz
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3311-3328; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060252 - 9 Jun 2024
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Differentiated high-grade thyroid carcinoma (DHGTC) is a new subset within the spectrum of thyroid malignancies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of DHGTC, focusing on its historical perspective, diagnosis, clinical characteristics, molecular profiles, management, and prognosis. DHGTC demonstrates an intermediate prognosis
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Differentiated high-grade thyroid carcinoma (DHGTC) is a new subset within the spectrum of thyroid malignancies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of DHGTC, focusing on its historical perspective, diagnosis, clinical characteristics, molecular profiles, management, and prognosis. DHGTC demonstrates an intermediate prognosis that falls between well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Previously unenumerated, this entity is now recognized for its significant impact. Patients with DHGTC often present at an older age with advanced disease and exhibit aggressive clinical behavior. Molecularly, DHGTC shares similarities with other thyroid malignancies, harboring driver mutations such as BRAFV600E and RAS, along with additional late mutations. The unique behavior and histologic features of DHGTC underscore the necessity of precise classification for prognostication and treatment selection. This highlights the critical importance of accurate diagnosis and recognition by pathologists to enrich future research on this entity further.
Full article
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Open AccessArticle
Impact of Adjuvant Atezolizumab on Recurrences Avoided and Treatment Cost Savings for Patients with Stage II-IIIA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Canada
by
Quincy Chu, Kaushik Sripada, Sarah Vaselenak, Nick Jovanoski and Melina Arnold
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3301-3310; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060251 - 7 Jun 2024
Abstract
This epidemiological model forecasted reductions in recurrences and recurrence treatment cost savings with adjuvant atezolizumab vs best supportive care among Canadians with stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at national and provincial levels. The population had resected, programmed cell death 1 ligand
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This epidemiological model forecasted reductions in recurrences and recurrence treatment cost savings with adjuvant atezolizumab vs best supportive care among Canadians with stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at national and provincial levels. The population had resected, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1)–high (≥50%), EGFR−, ALK−, stage II-IIIA NSCLC eligible for adjuvant treatment. Patients with recurrence or death and the costs of treating recurrences were estimated for those receiving adjuvant atezolizumab or best supportive care each year (2024–2034). Proportions of patients expected to be event free up to 10 years after treatment initiation were extrapolated with parametric survival analyses. In the base case analysis, 240 fewer recurrences were estimated to occur over 10 years (2024–2034) with adjuvant atezolizumab vs best supportive care across Canada, with 136 (57%) and 104 (43%) fewer locoregional and metastatic recurrences, respectively. Projected costs of treated recurrences were CAD 33.2 million less over 10 years with adjuvant atezolizumab at a national level (adjuvant atezolizumab, CAD 135.8 million; best supportive care, CAD 169.0 million). This model predicts a considerable long-term reduction in recurrences and substantial treatment cost savings with adjuvant atezolizumab vs best supportive care for patients with PD-L1–high early-stage NSCLC in Canada.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy: Early Detection, Diagnosis, Systemic Treatments, Novel Biomarkers, and Resistance Mechanisms)
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Open AccessReview
Radiochemotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer
by
Małgorzata Domagała-Haduch, Anita Gorzelak-Magiera, Łukasz Michalecki and Iwona Gisterek-Grocholska
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3291-3300; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060250 - 6 Jun 2024
Abstract
Despite the advancements made in oncology in recent years, the treatment of pancreatic cancer remains a challenge. Five-year survival rates for this cancer do not exceed 10%. Among the reasons contributing to poor treatment outcomes are the oligosymptomatic course of the tumor, diagnostic
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Despite the advancements made in oncology in recent years, the treatment of pancreatic cancer remains a challenge. Five-year survival rates for this cancer do not exceed 10%. Among the reasons contributing to poor treatment outcomes are the oligosymptomatic course of the tumor, diagnostic difficulties due to the anatomical location of the organ, and the unique biological features of pancreatic cancer. The mainstay of treatment for resectable cancer is surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. For unresectable and metastatic cancers, chemotherapy remains the primary method of treatment. At the same time, for about thirty years, there have been attempts to improve treatment outcomes by using radiotherapy combined with systemic treatment. Unlike chemotherapy, radiotherapy has no established place in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. This paper addresses the topic of radiotherapy in pancreatic cancer as a valuable method that can improve treatment outcomes alongside chemotherapy.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Gastrointestinal Oncology)
Open AccessArticle
Applying Implementation Science to Identify Primary Care Providers’ Enablers and Barriers to Using Survivorship Care Plans
by
Brittany Mutsaers, Tori Langmuir, Carrie MacDonald-Liska, Justin Presseau, Gail Larocque, Cheryl Harris, Marie-Hélène Chomienne, Lauriane Giguère, Paola Michelle Garcia Mairena, Dina Babiker, Kednapa Thavorn and Sophie Lebel
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3278-3290; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060249 - 5 Jun 2024
Abstract
Primary care providers (PCPs) have been given the responsibility of managing the follow-up care of low-risk cancer survivors after they are discharged from the oncology center. Survivorship Care Plans (SCPs) were developed to facilitate this transition, but research indicates inconsistencies in how they
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Primary care providers (PCPs) have been given the responsibility of managing the follow-up care of low-risk cancer survivors after they are discharged from the oncology center. Survivorship Care Plans (SCPs) were developed to facilitate this transition, but research indicates inconsistencies in how they are implemented. A detailed examination of enablers and barriers that influence their use by PCPs is needed to understand how to improve SCPs and ultimately facilitate cancer survivors’ transition to primary care. An interview guide was developed based on the second version of the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF-2). PCPs participated in semi-structured interviews. Qualitative content analysis was used to develop a codebook to code text into each of the 14 TDF-2 domains. Thematic analysis was also used to generate themes and subthemes. Thirteen PCPs completed the interview and identified the following barriers to SCP use: unfamiliarity with the side effects of cancer treatment (Knowledge), lack of clarity on the roles of different healthcare professionals (Social Professional Role and Identity), follow-up tasks being outside of scope of practice (Social Professional Role and Identity), increased workload, lack of options for psychosocial support for survivors, managing different electronic medical records systems, logistical issues with liaising with oncology (Environmental Context and Resources), and patient factors (Social Influences). PCPs value the information provided in SCPs and found the follow-up guidance provided to be most helpful. However, SCP use could be improved through streamlining methods of communication and collaboration between oncology centres and community-based primary care settings.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Psychosocial Oncology)
Open AccessArticle
Oncologists’ Satisfaction with Virtual Care: A Questionnaire
by
Amaris Karin Balitsky, Nathan Cantor, Karen Zhang, Greg Pond and Mark Norman Levine
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3269-3277; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060248 - 5 Jun 2024
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Introduction: Although virtual care (VC) has become an integral part of oncology care and healthcare delivery, clinicians’ perspectives on and satisfaction with this modality are not well understood. Methods: Using a National Network Forum framework and expert panel review, we developed a questionnaire
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Introduction: Although virtual care (VC) has become an integral part of oncology care and healthcare delivery, clinicians’ perspectives on and satisfaction with this modality are not well understood. Methods: Using a National Network Forum framework and expert panel review, we developed a questionnaire to measure oncologists’ satisfaction with VC. The questionnaire was distributed to Canadian oncologists through medical society email lists (n = 1541). We used a 5-point Likert scale to capture their responses, which included strongly disagree (1), disagree (2), undecided (3), agree (4), and strongly agree (5). Results: A total of 61 oncologists and/or oncology trainees, of 768 (7.9%) who opened their email, completed questionnaires between October 2022 and January 2023. Every questionnaire item had a response rate greater than 98%. Seventy-two percent of the respondents were satisfied with VC. Oncologists who were less comfortable with technology were more likely to report lower levels of satisfaction (p < 0.001, Wilcoxon rank-sum). The questionnaire items that received the highest levels of agreement were related to VC reducing costs and improving access for patients and concerns about missing a diagnosis and assessing patients’ functional status. The questionnaire items that received the greatest disagreement were related to VC improving access for patients with language barriers, VC being associated with time-savings for clinicians, improvements in clinical efficacy, and more readily available lab tests. Conclusions: Most of the oncologists surveyed are satisfied with VC; however, there are some concerns with VC that need to be addressed. Future research on optimizing VC should address clinicians’ concerns, in addition to addressing the patient experience.
Full article
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Open AccessArticle
Personalized Decisional Algorithms for Soft Tissue Defect Reconstruction after Abdominoperineal Resection for Low-Lying Rectal Cancers
by
Dan Cristian Moraru, Mihaela Pertea, Stefana Luca, Valentin Bejan, Andrian Panuta, Raluca Tatar, Dan Mircea Enescu, Dragos Viorel Scripcariu and Viorel Scripcariu
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3253-3268; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060247 - 4 Jun 2024
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Background: Abdominoperineal resection (APR)—the standard surgical procedure for low-lying rectal cancer (LRC)—leads to significant perineal defects, posing considerable reconstruction challenges that, in selected cases, necessitate the use of plastic surgery techniques (flaps). Purpose: To develop valuable decision algorithms for choosing the appropriate surgical
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Background: Abdominoperineal resection (APR)—the standard surgical procedure for low-lying rectal cancer (LRC)—leads to significant perineal defects, posing considerable reconstruction challenges that, in selected cases, necessitate the use of plastic surgery techniques (flaps). Purpose: To develop valuable decision algorithms for choosing the appropriate surgical plan for the reconstruction of perineal defects. Methods: Our study included 245 LRC cases treated using APR. Guided by the few available publications in the field, we have designed several personalized decisional algorithms for managing perineal defects considering the following factors: preoperative radiotherapy, intraoperative position, surgical technique, perineal defect volume, and quality of tissues and perforators. The algorithms have been improved continuously during the entire period of our study based on the immediate and remote outcomes. Results: In 239 patients following APR, the direct closing procedure was performed versus 6 cases in which we used various types of flaps for perineal reconstruction. Perineal incisional hernia occurred in 12 patients (5.02%) with direct perineal wound closure versus in none of those reconstructed using flaps. Conclusion: The reduced rate of postoperative complications suggests the efficiency of the proposed decisional algorithms; however, more extended studies are required to categorize them as evidence-based management guide tools.
Full article
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Open AccessCorrection
Correction: Gill et al. Report from the 24th Annual Western Canadian Gastrointestinal Cancer Consensus Conference on Colorectal Cancer, Richmond, British Columbia, 28–29, October 2022. Curr. Oncol. 2023, 30, 7964–7983
by
Sharlene Gill, Shahid Ahmed, Brady Anderson, Scott Berry, Howard Lim, Terry Phang, Ankur Sharma, Joao Paulo Solar Vasconcelos, Karamjit Gill, Mussawar Iqbal, Keith Tankel, Theresa Chan, Magdalena Recsky, Jennifer Nuk, James Paul, Shazia Mahmood and Karen Mulder
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3252; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060246 - 3 Jun 2024
Abstract
Karen Mulder was not included as an author in the original publication [...]
Full article
Open AccessArticle
Radiation Oncologists’ Perspectives on Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer: A Survey from Korean Oligometastasis Working Group
by
Gyu Sang Yoo, Sunmin Park, Chai Hong Rim, Won Kyung Cho, Ah Ram Chang, Young Seok Kim, Yong Chan Ahn and Eui Kyu Chie
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3239-3251; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060245 - 3 Jun 2024
Abstract
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Background: Interest in the oligometastatic prostate cancer (OMPC) is increasing, and various clinical studies have reported the benefits of metastasis-directed radiation therapy (MDRT) in OMPC. However, the recognition regarding the adopted definitions, methodologies of assessment, and therapeutic approaches is diverse among radiation oncologists.
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Background: Interest in the oligometastatic prostate cancer (OMPC) is increasing, and various clinical studies have reported the benefits of metastasis-directed radiation therapy (MDRT) in OMPC. However, the recognition regarding the adopted definitions, methodologies of assessment, and therapeutic approaches is diverse among radiation oncologists. This study aims to evaluate the level of agreement for issues in OMPC among radiation oncologists. Methods: We generated 15 key questions (KQs) for OMPC relevant to definition, diagnosis, local therapies, and endpoints. Additionally, three clinical scenarios representing synchronous metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) (case 1), metachronous mPC with visceral metastasis (case 2), and metachronous mPC with castration-resistance and history of polymetastasis (case 3) were developed. The 15 KQs were adapted according to each scenario and transformed into 23 questions with 6–9 per scenario. The survey was distributed to 80 radiation oncologists throughout the Republic of Korea. Answer options with 0.0–29.9%, 30–49.9%, 50–69.9%, 70–79.9%, 80–89.9%, and 90–100% agreements were considered as no, minimal, weak, moderate, strong, and near perfect agreement, respectively. Results: Forty-five candidates voluntarily participated in this study. Among 23 questions, near perfect (n = 4), strong (n = 3), or moderate (n = 2) agreements were shown in nine. For the case recognized as OMPC with agreements of 93% (case 1), near perfect agreements on the application of definitive radiation therapy (RT) for whole metastatic lesions were achieved. While ≥70% agreements regarding optimal dose-fractionation for metastasis-directed RT (MDRT) has not been achieved, stereotactic body RT (SBRT) is favored by clinicians with higher clinical volume. Conclusion: For the case recognized as OMPC, near perfect agreement for the application of definitive RT for whole metastatic lesions was reached. SBRT was more favored as a MDRT by clinicians with a higher clinical volume.
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Open AccessArticle
Mother–Child Approach to Cervical Cancer Prevention in a Low Resource Setting: The Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services Story
by
Lorraine Elit, Florence Manjuh, Lillian Kila, Beatrice Suika, Manuela Sinou, Eliane Bozy, Ethel Vernyuy, Amandine Fokou, Edith Welty and Thomas Welty
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3227-3238; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060244 - 3 Jun 2024
Abstract
Introduction: The rates of cervical cancer screening in Cameroon are unknown and HPV vaccination coverage for age-appropriate youths is reported at 5%. Objectives: To implement the mother–child approach to cervical cancer prevention (cervical screening by HPV testing for mothers and HPV vaccination for
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Introduction: The rates of cervical cancer screening in Cameroon are unknown and HPV vaccination coverage for age-appropriate youths is reported at 5%. Objectives: To implement the mother–child approach to cervical cancer prevention (cervical screening by HPV testing for mothers and HPV vaccination for daughters) in Meskine, Far North, Cameroon. Methods: After the sensitization of the Meskine–Maroua region using education and a press-release by the Minister of Public Health, a 5-day mother–child campaign took place at Meskine Baptist Hospital. The Ampfire HPV Testing was free for 500 women and vaccination was free for age-appropriate children through the EPI program. Nurses trained in cervical cancer education conducted group teaching sessions prior to having each woman retrieve a personal sample. Self-collected samples were analyzed for HPV the same day. All women with positive tests were assessed using VIA–VILI and treated as appropriate for precancers. Results: 505 women were screened, and 92 children vaccinated (34 boys and 58 girls). Of those screened, 401 (79.4%) were aged 30–49 years old; 415 (82%) married; 348 (69%) no education. Of the HPV positive cases (101): 9 (5.9%) were HPV 16, 11 (10.1%) HPV 18, 74 (73%) HPV of 13 other types. Those who were both HPV and VIA–VILI positive were treated by thermal ablation (63%) or LEEP (25%). Conclusion: The mother–child approach is an excellent method to maximize primary and secondary prevention against cervical cancer.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Action and Impact: Prevention and Screening Strategies Contributing to the Elimination of Cervical Cancer)
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Open AccessPerspective
A Perspective on the CD47-SIRPA Axis in High-Risk Neuroblastoma
by
Xao X. Tang, Hiroyuki Shimada and Naohiko Ikegaki
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3212-3226; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060243 - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a pediatric cancer with significant clinical heterogeneity. Despite extensive efforts, it is still difficult to cure children with high-risk neuroblastoma. Immunotherapy is a promising approach to treat children with this devastating disease. We have previously reported that macrophages are important effector
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Neuroblastoma is a pediatric cancer with significant clinical heterogeneity. Despite extensive efforts, it is still difficult to cure children with high-risk neuroblastoma. Immunotherapy is a promising approach to treat children with this devastating disease. We have previously reported that macrophages are important effector cells in high-risk neuroblastoma. In this perspective article, we discuss the potential function of the macrophage inhibitory receptor SIRPA in the homeostasis of tumor-associated macrophages in high-risk neuroblastoma. The ligand of SIRPA is CD47, known as a “don’t eat me” signal, which is highly expressed on cancer cells compared to normal cells. CD47 is expressed on both tumor and stroma cells, whereas SIRPA expression is restricted to macrophages in high-risk neuroblastoma tissues. Notably, high SIRPA expression is associated with better disease outcome. According to the current paradigm, the interaction between CD47 on tumor cells and SIRPA on macrophages leads to the inhibition of tumor phagocytosis. However, data from recent clinical trials have called into question the use of anti-CD47 antibodies for the treatment of adult and pediatric cancers. The restricted expression of SIRPA on macrophages in many tissues argues for targeting SIRPA on macrophages rather than CD47 in CD47/SIRPA blockade therapy. Based on the data available to date, we propose that disruption of the CD47-SIRPA interaction by anti-CD47 antibody would shift the macrophage polarization status from M1 to M2, which is inferred from the 1998 study by Timms et al. In contrast, the anti-SIRPA F(ab’)2 lacking Fc binds to SIRPA on the macrophage, mimics the CD47-SIRPA interaction, and thus maintains M1 polarization. Anti-SIRPA F(ab’)2 also prevents the binding of CD47 to SIRPA, thereby blocking the “don’t eat me” signal. The addition of tumor-opsonizing and macrophage-activating antibodies is expected to enhance active tumor phagocytosis.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy: Early Detection, Diagnosis, Systemic Treatments, Novel Biomarkers, and Resistance Mechanisms)
Open AccessReview
Combining Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors with Loco-Regional Treatments in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Ready for Prime Time?
by
Juliette Boilève, Valentine Guimas, Arthur David, Clément Bailly and Yann Touchefeu
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(6), 3199-3211; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31060242 - 31 May 2024
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a disease with a poor prognosis, often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Therapeutic options have developed considerably in recent years, particularly with trans-arterial treatments. Systemic treatments have also evolved significantly, with the rise of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) as
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a disease with a poor prognosis, often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Therapeutic options have developed considerably in recent years, particularly with trans-arterial treatments. Systemic treatments have also evolved significantly, with the rise of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) as first-line treatment for advanced HCC. The combination of loco-regional treatments and ICI is opening up new prospects and is the subject of numerous clinical trials. Recently, two global phase 3 trials investigating ICI-based adjuvant combinations have demonstrated improvements in recurrence-free survival or progression-free survival in patients treated with resection, ablation, or trans-arterial chemoembolization. However, mature data and overall survival results are still awaited but will be difficult to interpret. We are at the start of a new era of combinations of loco-regional treatments and immunotherapy. The identification of the best therapeutic strategies and predictive biomarkers is a crucial issue for future standards in clinical practice.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Targeted Therapy, Immunotherapy, and Immune Biomarkers for Gastroesophageal and Liver Cancer)
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