MDPI Reference List and Citations Style Guide

MDPI recommends that references be prepared with a bibliography software package such as EndNote or ReferenceManager, if a manuscript is prepared in MS Word; or that references be prepared with BibTeX, if a manuscript is prepared using LaTeX.

EndNote Users: download the MDPI.ens references style file from the EndNote website at http://www.endnote.com/support/enstyles.aspexternal link (search for "MDPI" in the Publication Name field, and download the resulting file using the Download link). Alternatively, download the MDPI.ens file from mdpi.com.

If references are prepared manually, the authors should check them for completeness and correctness. For this purpose authors may use Web of Scienceexternal link, PubMed/MEDLINEexternal link or Google Scholarexternal link.

Reference Formatting

  • Journal references must cite the full title of the paper and its starting and ending pages:
    • 8. Bowman, C. M.; Landee, F. A.; Reslock, M. A. Chemically Oriented Storage and Retrieval System. 1. Storage and Verification of Structural Information. J. Chem. Doc. 1967, 7, 43-47.
  • References to books should cite the author(s), title, publisher, publisher location (city and country), publication year, and page:
    • 9. Smith, A. B. Textbook of Organic Chemistry; D. C. Jones: New York, NY, USA, 1961; pp 123-126.
  • In referring to a book written by various contributors, cite author(s) first:
    • 10. Winstein, S.; Henderson, R. B. In Heterocyclic Compounds; Elderfield, R. C., Ed.; Wiley: New York, NY, USA, 1950; Vol. 1, Chapter 1, p 60.

Download the full MDPI Reference List and Citations Style Guide (PDF, 150KB)