The Value of Natural Stones to Gain in the Cultural and Geological Diversity of Our Global Heritage
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Discussion
3.1. Geographic Diversity
3.2. Lithology Diversity in Stones Listed and Recognized by the IUGS
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Country | Name of the Stone | Lithology | Continent |
---|---|---|---|
Albania | Dropulli Stone | Limestone | Europe |
Argentina | Piedra Mar del Plata | Orthoquartzite | South America |
Armenia | Armenian Tuff | Volcanic tuff | Asia |
Australia | Sydney Sandstone | Sandstone | Oceania |
Australia | Victorian Bluestone | Basalt | Oceania |
Australia | Harcourt Granite | Granite | Oceania |
Australia | Mintaro Slate | Slate | Oceania |
Australia | Austral Black Granite | Norite | Oceania |
Australia | Mount Gambier Stone | Limestone | Oceania |
Australia | West Australian Coastal | Limestone | Oceania |
Austria | “Rot Scheck” Marble | Marble | Europe |
Brazil | Marmore Branco Paraná | Marble | South America |
Brazil | Minas Gerais Schist | Schist | South America |
Brazil | Ornamental Soapstone | Talc/Serpentine | South America |
Belgium | Belgian Red Marble | Marble | Europe |
Belgium | Lede Stone | Sandstone | Europe |
Belgium | Petit Granit (Bluestone) | Limestone | Europe |
Belgium | Tournai Marble | Marble | Europe |
Canada | Tyndall Stone | Dolomite | North America |
Finland | Rapakivi Granite | Granite | Europe |
Finland | Tuulikivi | Soapstone | Europe |
France | Meulière de Brie | Siliceous rock | Europe |
France | Pierre de Caen | Limestone | Europe |
Germany | Solenhofen Limestone | Limestone | Europe |
Greece | Pentelikon Marble | Marble | Europe |
Greece | Thassos Marble | Marble | Europe |
Hungary | Hungarian Travertine | Travertine | Europe |
Italy | Carrara Marble Province | Marble | Europe |
Italy | Gravina Calcarenite | Sandstone | Europe |
Italy | Italian Slate | Slate | Europe |
Italy | Lecce Sandstone | Sandstone | Europe |
Italy | Pietra Serena | Sandstone | Europe |
Italy | Roman Travertine | Travertine | Europe |
Italy | Rosa Beta Granite | Granite | Europe |
Italy | Rosso di Verona | Marble | Europe |
Italy | Trani Limestone | Limestone | Europe |
Italy | Trentino Porphyry | Porphyry | Europe |
Japan | Hiroshima Granite | Granite | Asia |
Japan | Koto Rhyolite | Tuff | Asia |
Japan | Komatsu Stone | Andesite | Asia |
Malta | Globigerina Limestone | Limestone | Europe |
New Zealand | Oamaru Stone | Limestone | Oceania |
Norway | Blue Pearl Granite | Larvikite | Europe |
Norway | Otta Schist | Slate | Europe |
Norway | Oppdal Schist | Schist | Europe |
Norway | Norwegian Rose | Marble | Europe |
Norway | Hove/Porsgrunn | Limestone | Europe |
Portugal | Estremoz Marble | Marble | Europe |
Portugal | Lioz limestone | Limestone | Europe |
Portugal | Arrábida Breccia | Breccia | Europe |
Portugal | Oporto Granite | Granite | Europe |
Romania | Ruschita Romanian Marble | Marble | Europe |
Slovenia | Karst Limestones | Limestone | Europe |
Slovenia | Podpec Limestone | Limestone | Europe |
South Africa | Impala Granite | Norite/Gabbro | Africa |
Spain | Alpedrete Granite | Granite | Europe |
Spain | Azul Platino | Granite | Europe |
Spain | Colmenar Limestone | Limestone | Europe |
Spain | Crema Marfil | Limestone | Europe |
Spain | Negro Markina | Limestone | Europe |
Spain | Piedra Dorada | Limestone | Europe |
Spain | Piedra Pajarilla | Granite | Europe |
Spain | Rosa Porriño | Granite | Europe |
Spain | Sierra Nevada Serpentinite | Serpentinite | Europe |
Spain | Villamayor (Golden) Stone | Sandstone | Europe |
Spain | Santa Pudia Calcarenite | Limestone | Europe |
Spain | White Macael Marble | Marble | Europe |
Sweden | Älvdalen Porphyry | Porphyry | Europe |
Sweden | Kolmarden Serpentine Marble | Serpentine | Europe |
Sweden | Hallandia Gneiss | Gneiss | Europe |
Sweden | Black Granite | Diabase/Dolerite | Europe |
Sweden | Bohus Granite | Granite | Europe |
Sweden | Ölandskalksten | Limestone | Europe |
Sweden | Vånga | Granite | Europe |
Switzerland | Marmore von Grindelwald | Marble | Europe |
United Kingdom | Ailsa Craig Granite | Granite | Europe |
United Kingdom | Bath Stone | Limestone | Europe |
United Kingdom | Granite from Devon | Granite | Europe |
United Kingdom | Purbeck Stone | Limestone | Europe |
United Kingdom | Portland Limestone | Limestone | Europe |
United Kingdom | Welsh Slate | Slate | Europe |
United Kingdom | Derbyshire Black Marble | Marble | Europe |
United States | Athens Marble | Dolomite | North America |
United States | Barre Gray Granite | Granite | North America |
United States | Indiana Limestone | Limestone | North America |
United States | Pennsylvania Slate | Slate | North America |
United States | Jacobsville Sandstone | Sandstone | North America |
United States | Tennessee Marble | Limestone | North America |
United States | Yule Marble | Marble | North America |
Region | Number of Stones | % |
---|---|---|
Europe | 64 | 71 |
Oceania | 9 | 10 |
North America | 8 | 9 |
South America | 4 | 4.5 |
Asia | 4 | 4.5 |
Africa | 1 | 1 |
Lithology | Number of Samples | % |
---|---|---|
Limestone | 26 | 28.9 |
Marble | 17 | 19 |
Granite | 14 | 15.5 |
Slate | 9 | 9.8 |
Sandstone | 7 | 7.8 |
Other | 17 | 19 |
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Pereira, D. The Value of Natural Stones to Gain in the Cultural and Geological Diversity of Our Global Heritage. Heritage 2023, 6, 4542-4556. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage6060241
Pereira D. The Value of Natural Stones to Gain in the Cultural and Geological Diversity of Our Global Heritage. Heritage. 2023; 6(6):4542-4556. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage6060241
Chicago/Turabian StylePereira, Dolores. 2023. "The Value of Natural Stones to Gain in the Cultural and Geological Diversity of Our Global Heritage" Heritage 6, no. 6: 4542-4556. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage6060241