Proceedings

4 pages, 412 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Application of Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Composting Process Performance

by Vassilis Lyberatos and Gerasimos Lyberatos

Proceedings 2025, 121(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025121003 - 16 Jul 2025

Four machine learning models (Decision Tree Regressor, Linear Regression, XGBoost Regression, K-Neighbors Regressor) were developed to predict the outcomes of a composting process based on key input parameters, including Ambient Temperature, mixture composition, and initial feedstock volume. The models were trained on data [...] Read more.

Four machine learning models (Decision Tree Regressor, Linear Regression, XGBoost Regression, K-Neighbors Regressor) were developed to predict the outcomes of a composting process based on key input parameters, including Ambient Temperature, mixture composition, and initial feedstock volume. The models were trained on data from 88 composting batches, monitoring temperature evolution, and compost yield. Performance evaluation demonstrated high accuracy in predicting compost maturity, process duration, and final product quantity. These predictive models could optimize composting operations by enabling real-time adjustments, improving efficiency, and enhancing resource management in sustainable waste processing. Full article

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2 pages, 124 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Identifying Mechanism-Based and Mechanism-Agnostic Interventions for Gould Syndrome ^†

by Mao Mao, Cassandre Labelle-Dumais, Yoshihiro Ishikawa, Matthew D. Lebedev and Douglas B. Gould

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120010 - 15 Jul 2025

Abstract

Gould syndrome is caused by mutations in the genes encoding collagen IV alpha 1 (COL4A1) and 2 (COL4A2)—fundamental basement membrane components that form collagen α1α1α2(IV) heterotrimers [...] Full article

4 pages, 872 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Metal Coatings for Electrocatalytic Applications: Towards a Safe and Sustainable by Design Approach

by Konstantina-Roxani Chatzipanagiotou, Foteini Petrakli, Joséphine Steck and Elias P. Koumoulos

Proceedings 2025, 121(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025121002 - 15 Jul 2025

Abstract

Several attempts have been made to replace the critical raw material platinum (Pt) with other metals, mainly focusing on its functional performance, while safety and sustainability criteria are often overlooked. Here, the substitution of Pt by nickel-based coatings is addressed for water electrolysis [...] Read more.

Several attempts have been made to replace the critical raw material platinum (Pt) with other metals, mainly focusing on its functional performance, while safety and sustainability criteria are often overlooked. Here, the substitution of Pt by nickel-based coatings is addressed for water electrolysis applications. Risk assessment and life cycle assessment are iteratively performed at the laboratory scale and after upscaling metal coating protocols. The challenges for the transition towards an integrated safe and sustainable by design (SSbD) approach are identified, and strategies are proposed to resolve them. Valuable insights emerge from the individual assessments (e.g., hotspots, trade-offs, and recommendations for sustainability and safety), as well as regarding the transition towards an integrated SSbD (e.g., dealing with data gaps and uncertainties). Full article

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4 pages, 475 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

A Ceramic Foam Structure Design with the Valorization of Fly Ash Cenospheres: A Promising Avenue for Sustainable Bioscaffolds

by Dimitrios Flegkas, Nikolaos Pagonis, Konstantinos Kountouras, Petros Samaras, Constantinos Tsanaktsidis and Vayos Karayannis

Proceedings 2025, 121(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025121001 - 15 Jul 2025

Abstract

Nowadays, there is wide advocacy for a transition to circular economic models. Fly Ash (FA) in particular is a major by-product of coal combustion and its annual waste has reached one million tonnes. Cenospheres (CSs) are considered as possibly the most valuable element [...] Read more.

Nowadays, there is wide advocacy for a transition to circular economic models. Fly Ash (FA) in particular is a major by-product of coal combustion and its annual waste has reached one million tonnes. Cenospheres (CSs) are considered as possibly the most valuable element within FA. Thus, in this research, polymeric foam replication was employed to fabricate ceramic foams based on a CS matrix, for potential biomedical applications. For the fabrication of foams, four types of natural marine sponges were used as templates along with a binder agent. The specimens were sintered at 1200 °C for 1 h. The results were encouraging as the specimens obtained retained the given shape and geometry. Further research will enhance the potential of such materials for future use in biomedical engineering. Full article

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2 pages, 131 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Microvascular and Blood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction in COL4A1-Related cSVD Can Be Identified by MR DSC Perfusion Imaging

by Diana Tambala, John P. Snow, Daniel Balentine, Karl G. Helmer, Kenda Alhadid, Patricia L. Musolino and Arne Lauer

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120009 - 14 Jul 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Pathogenic variants in COL4A1 compromise basement membrane integrity, leading to cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) characterized by white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), microbleeds, and ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes [...] Full article

3 pages, 135 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

RarE Neuropediatric Diseases Electronic Registry (RENDER): Toward a Unified, High-Resolution Disease Registry

by Davide Politano, Riccardo Bellazzi, Renato Borgatti, Domenico Coviello, Caterina Galandra, Serena Galosi, Vincenzo Leuzzi, Donatella Milani, Romina Romaniello, Alessandro Simonati, Lidia Pezzani, Matteo Terzaghi, Ludovica Pasca and Enza Maria Valente

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120008 - 14 Jul 2025

Abstract

Neuropediatric rare diseases comprise a huge spectrum of clinically heterogeneous conditions, often recognizing a genetic basis [...] Full article

16 pages, 934 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Unlocking the Role of Food Processing in Nutrition-Smart and Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture in West Africa: Challenges, Opportunities, and a Framework for Deployment

by G. Esaïe Kpadonou, Caroline Makamto Sobgui, Rebeca Edoh, Kyky Komla Ganyo, Sedo Eudes L. Anihouvi and Niéyidouba Lamien

Proceedings 2025, 118(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025118017 - 11 Jul 2025

Abstract

West Africa’s agri-food systems face a triple burden of malnutrition, climate vulnerability, and structural inefficiencies that compromise nutrition and public health. Despite increased attention to food security, agricultural strategies often prioritize yield over dietary quality. This paper explores the critical role of food [...] Read more.

West Africa’s agri-food systems face a triple burden of malnutrition, climate vulnerability, and structural inefficiencies that compromise nutrition and public health. Despite increased attention to food security, agricultural strategies often prioritize yield over dietary quality. This paper explores the critical role of food processing in advancing Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture (NSA) and Nutrition-Smart Agriculture (NSmartAg) across West Africa. Drawing on a systems lens, it positions food processing not as a peripheral activity, but as a catalytic mechanism that connects nutrient-dense production with improved consumption outcomes. Food processing can reduce post-harvest losses, preserve micronutrients, extend food availability, and foster inclusive value chains particularly for women and youth. Yet, persistent challenges remain, including institutional fragmentation, infrastructure gaps, and limited financial and technical capacity. This paper proposes a conceptual framework linking food processing to NSA and NSmartAg objectives and outlines operational entry points for implementation. By integrating processing into agricultural policies, investment, education, and monitoring systems, stakeholders and policymakers can reimagine agriculture as a platform for resilience and nutritional equity. Strategic recommendations emphasize multisectoral collaboration, localized solutions, and evidence-informed interventions to drive the transformation toward sustainable, nutrition-oriented food systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The CORAF’s 2023 Symposium on Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products in West and Central Africa)

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3 pages, 132 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Modelling COL4A1/2 SVD Associated Mutations—Towards New Treatment

by Maha Al-Thani, Mary Goodwin-Trotman, Tom Van Agtmael, Hugh S. Markus and Alessandra Granata

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120011 - 8 Jul 2025

Abstract

Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a leading cause of stroke and vascular dementia, yet its underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood [...] Full article

2 pages, 118 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Developing Gene-Targeted Therapies for COL4A1- and COL4A2-Related Disorders: Opportunities and Challenges

by Patricia L. Musolino

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120007 - 8 Jul 2025

Abstract

Background: COL4A1/2-related disorders are genetically driven multisystem diseases characterized by small vessel cerebrovascular pathology, including fetal and perinatal strokes, intracranial hemorrhage, and progressive white matter damage [...] Full article

3 pages, 183 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Genetic and Phenotypic Overview of Mutations in COL4A1 and COL4A2: Insights from a French Cohort

by Hélène Morel, Thibault Coste, Stéphanie Guey, Dominique Hervé and Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120006 - 8 Jul 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Type IV collagen, predominantly composed of the COL4A1 and COL4A2 genes, is a crucial component of the basement membrane, essential for maintaining vascular integrity [...] Full article

2 pages, 129 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Age-Dependent Cerebral Vascular Dysfunction and Neurovascular Coupling Deficits in Col4a1 Mutant Mice

by Scott Earley

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120005 - 8 Jul 2025

Abstract

Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is a vital process ensuring that blood flow is rapidly delivered to the most active areas of the brain, supporting the energetic needs of neurons during tasks such as learning, movement, or memory formation [...] Full article

3 pages, 168 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

FishCOLler: Pilot In Vivo Models of COL4A1/A2 Syndrome in Tractable Fish Embryos Recapitulate Neurovascular and Ocular Pathology and Demonstrate Utility for Whole-Organism Variant Testing and Mechanistic Investigation

by Graziamaria Paradisi, Valeria Bonavolontà, Martina Venditti, Giulia Fasano, Catia Pedalino, Marco Tartaglia and Antonella Lauri

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120004 - 8 Jul 2025

Abstract

Collagen IV α1/α2 heterotrimers are the major constituents of all basement membranes (BM). Consistently, COL4A1/A2 mutations cause a complex multisystem disorder. While mouse models are invaluable, they alone cannot support the rapid functional validation needed for clinical translation. The FishCOLler project establishes zebrafish [...] Read more.

Collagen IV α1/α2 heterotrimers are the major constituents of all basement membranes (BM). Consistently, COL4A1/A2 mutations cause a complex multisystem disorder. While mouse models are invaluable, they alone cannot support the rapid functional validation needed for clinical translation. The FishCOLler project establishes zebrafish as a scalable in vivo platform to model COL4A1/A2 disease, employ rapid assays to monitor key disease traits, and enable mechanistic studies. Our first fish disease faithfully models patient symptoms, i.e., brain hemorrhage and ocular dysgenesis. The work supports FishCOLler as a platform for rapid variant interpretation, therapeutics testing, and highlights potential consequences of gene dosage modulation strategies. Full article

2 pages, 129 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Developing Zebrafish Models to Study COL4A1-Related Disease

by Daisy Flatman, Richard W. Naylor, Siobhan Crilly, Emmanuel Pinteaux, Stuart M. Allan, Rachel Lennon and Paul R. Kasher

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120003 - 8 Jul 2025

Abstract

Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a leading contributor to both stroke and vascular dementia, yet its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, and treatment options are limited [...] Full article

2 pages, 116 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Establishing a Clinic for Patients with COL4A1 and COL4A2 Variants: A Multidisciplinary Approach

by Rachel Vassar

Proceedings 2025, 120(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025120002 - 8 Jul 2025

Abstract

The Gould Syndrome Clinic at University of California, San Francisco, founded in spring 2024, demonstrates a multidisciplinary model for patient-centered care focused on individuals with COL4A1 and COL4A2 variants [...] Full article

6 pages, 461 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Antioxidant and Antitumor Activity Against Colorectal Cancer Cells of Lycium chinense Mill. Cultivated in Ukraine

by Svetlana Lyashenko, Natalia Boiko, Victoriia Soloshenko and José Luis Guil-Guerrero

Proceedings 2025, 119(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025119008 - 7 Jul 2025

Abstract

The polyphenolic extract from Lycium chinense fruits cultivated in Ukraine was surveyed for antioxidant and anticancer activity against HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. The total phenolic compounds and total flavonoid content were analyzed through the Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride procedure, respectively, while the antioxidant [...] Read more.

The polyphenolic extract from Lycium chinense fruits cultivated in Ukraine was surveyed for antioxidant and anticancer activity against HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. The total phenolic compounds and total flavonoid content were analyzed through the Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride procedure, respectively, while the antioxidant activity in vitro was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging and β-carotene bleaching assays. Anticancer effects were established using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The TPC was 11.3 mg GAE/g dry weight, while the TFC was 7.3 mg rutin/g dry weight. The extract demonstrated an antioxidant capacity (DPPH IC₅₀ = 125.9 ± 12.6 µg/mL), lipid peroxidation inhibition (23.5 ± 2.1% in the β-carotene assay) and the inhibition of HT-29 colorectal cancer cells (GI₅₀ at 72 h = 250 µg/mL). These findings provide the first evidence of the anticancer potential of Lycium chinense against human colorectal cancer cells, supporting its application as a source of bioactive compounds for the development of functional foods with antitumor properties. Full article

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10 pages, 277 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Crises, Financial Data and Public Sector Reform: Activity-Based Costing and Cost Allocation in Greece—A Case Study of the Independent Authority for Public Revenue

by Eleftheria Kyriakidou and Athanasios Vazakidis

Proceedings 2024, 111(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024111029 - 30 Jun 2025

Abstract

Under the international globalized environment, the impact of the financial crisis of 2008 and the recent financial effect of the COVID-19 economic recession have generated a new role for the state aimed at reducing vulnerability to a new financial shock. Cost analysis is [...] Read more.

Under the international globalized environment, the impact of the financial crisis of 2008 and the recent financial effect of the COVID-19 economic recession have generated a new role for the state aimed at reducing vulnerability to a new financial shock. Cost analysis is currently an issue among public authorities, inhibiting enhanced productivity and the effectiveness and utility of public services and goods. This article aims to showcase that the basic priorities of a high degree of transparency and accountability of public spending are becoming more and more essential. The need for cost allocation is essential for states to be resilient under the current ‘spin’ of crises. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Public Administration 2024)

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5 pages, 194 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Antioxidant Capacity of Colombian Tropical Fruits with Dietary Potential to Reduce Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases

by Claudia Milena Ardila Meléndez

Proceedings 2025, 119(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025119007 - 27 Jun 2025

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of death globally and in Colombia. Oxidative stress plays a key role in CVD pathogenesis by promoting endothelial damage. Antioxidant compounds from fruits can mitigate oxidative stress through free radical scavenging and metal ion chelation. This [...] Read more.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of death globally and in Colombia. Oxidative stress plays a key role in CVD pathogenesis by promoting endothelial damage. Antioxidant compounds from fruits can mitigate oxidative stress through free radical scavenging and metal ion chelation. This review highlights tropical fruits rich in phenolic compounds and evaluates their antioxidant capacity using FRAP and DPPH methods. Evidence supports the inverse relationship between antioxidant intake and CVD incidence. Given Colombia’s fruit diversity, assessing dietary antioxidant capacity may inform strategies to improve diet quality and reduce CVD risk in the population. Full article

7 pages, 193 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Obesity: Insights into Mechanism and Therapeutic Targets

by Bhagyashri Sandip Patil, Javesh Kashinath Patil, Hemangi Somnath Chaudhari and Bhagyashri Sunil Patil

Proceedings 2025, 119(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025119006 - 27 Jun 2025

Abstract

Due to being correlated with metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver disease, and cancer, obesity is a global health issue that predisposes those affected to morbidity and mortality. Obesity can be defined as an excessive amount of fat accretion in the [...] Read more.

Due to being correlated with metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver disease, and cancer, obesity is a global health issue that predisposes those affected to morbidity and mortality. Obesity can be defined as an excessive amount of fat accretion in the body. According to current research, visceral adipose tissue performs a critical function as an active endocrine organ due to its function in releasing adipokines that facilitate complex physiological events. These adipokines exacerbate both low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress (OS), two key constituents of obesity-related comorbidities. This review summarizes the most recent data on the relationship between inflammation, OS, and diseases linked to obesity, focusing on how OS overexpression causes cellular damage by weakening antioxidant mechanisms. To understand the mechanisms by which OS is related to comorbidities, we assess a wide range of models, including animal models, biochemical analysis, and clinical research. The most important discoveries are that heightened OS exacerbates inflammation and cellular damage by increasing the formation of ROS and weakening antioxidant defenses. Increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage in adipose tissue associated with insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction have been identified through data from research conducted on KKAy mice, a model of diabetes obesity. Adipokines, like adiponectin, have been shown to have protective functions against inflammation and OS. Thereby, some of these candidates may become promising therapeutic targets. Understanding the mechanism of these systems is a must for developing therapies to decrease OS, restore antioxidant balance, and reprogram inflammatory pathways. Such tactics may further augment clinical outcomes and reduce the occurrence of obesity-associated diseases in global populations. Unlike previous reviews, this work bridges basic mechanisms and therapeutic implications, with a unique emphasis on translational barriers and future clinical directions. Full article

6 pages, 349 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

From Waste to Value: Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Potential in Cistus ladanifer Residues via Solid–Liquid and Subcritical Water Extraction

by Filipe Fernandes, Cristina Delerue-Matos and Clara Grosso

Proceedings 2025, 119(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025119005 - 26 Jun 2025

Abstract

The aim of this work was to extract phenolic compounds (PCs) from Cistus ladanifer L. post-distillation residues using two different methods (solid–liquid extraction (SLE) and subcritical water extraction (SWE)) and to compare the extracts’ total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) by [...] Read more.

The aim of this work was to extract phenolic compounds (PCs) from Cistus ladanifer L. post-distillation residues using two different methods (solid–liquid extraction (SLE) and subcritical water extraction (SWE)) and to compare the extracts’ total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH^•) and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation (ABTS^•+) scavenging activities, as well as by the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. SWE extraction displayed a higher TPC value (increased from 146.53 ± 11.68 to 276.37 ± 20.59 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAEs)/g extract dry weight (dw)) and higher AA in the DPPH^• (increased from 334.27 ± 36.06 to 532.17 ± 66.38 mg Trolox equivalents (TEs)/g extract dw), ABTS^•+ (increased from 438.07 ± 77.22 to 594.08 ± 33.57 mg TEs/g extract dw), and FRAP (increased from 10.91 ± 2.03 to 170.26 ± 25.36 mg ascorbic acid equivalents (AAEs)/g extract dw) assays. These results demonstrate the importance of the extraction method in PC extraction and the antioxidant power of the extracts produced. These results provide critical insights into the potential application of C. ladanifer post-distillation residues and the production of polyphenol rich extracts that might be useful in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical sectors. Full article

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Journal Description

Proceedings

Vol. 118

CORAF 2023

Vol. 117

HAICTA 2024

Vol. 115

12th CNN Workshop

Vol. 114

AdaptEdu 2024

Vol. 113

Euroissues 2024

Vol. 112

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