Phaeohyphomycosis in Transplant Patients
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Epidemiology
3. Laboratory Diagnosis
4. Pathogenesis
5. Clinical Manifestations
Clinical Syndrome | Commonly Associated Fungal Genera | Therapy |
---|---|---|
Subcutaneous Nodules | Exophiala | Surgery ± voriconazole |
Alternaria | - | |
Phialophora | - | |
Keratitis | Curvularia | Topical natamycin ± |
Bipolaris | voriconazole | |
Pneumonia | Ochroconis | Voriconazole |
Exophiala | (Lipid amphotericin B if severe) | |
Chaetomium | - | |
Brain abscess | Cladophialophora (C. bantiana) | Voriconazole or posaconazole ± |
Rhinocladiella (R. mackenzei) Ochroconis | lipid amphotericin B ± flucytosine-(optimal therapy unknown) | |
Disseminated disease | Lomentospora (L. prolificans) | Lipid amphotericin B |
Bipolaris | + voriconazole + echinocandin | |
Wangiella | (optimal therapy unknown) |
5.1. Superficial and Deep Local Infections
5.2. Pneumonia
5.3. Central Nervous System Infection
5.4. Disseminated Infection
5.5. Alternative Therapy
6. Conclusions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Revankar, S.G. Phaeohyphomycosis in Transplant Patients. J. Fungi 2016, 2, 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof2010002
Revankar SG. Phaeohyphomycosis in Transplant Patients. Journal of Fungi. 2016; 2(1):2. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof2010002
Chicago/Turabian StyleRevankar, Sanjay G. 2016. "Phaeohyphomycosis in Transplant Patients" Journal of Fungi 2, no. 1: 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof2010002