Regional Landsat-Based Drought Monitoring from 1982 to 2014
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Area
3. Data and Methods
3.1. Data Background
3.2. Methodology
3.2.1. NDVI
3.2.2. LST
Processing Steps | Formulas | |
---|---|---|
Conversion of DN (Digital Number) to At-Satellite Brightness Temperature |
| |
Calculation of the Land Surface Temperature in Kelvin |
| |
Conversion from Kelvin to Celsius |
|
Constant | Landsat 4 | Landsat 5 | Landsat 7 | Landsat 8 (Band 10) | Landsat 8 (Band 11) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
K1 (watts/meter squared * ster * μm) | 671.62 | 607.76 | 666.09 | 774.89 | 480.89 |
K2 (Kelvin) | 1284.30 | 1260.56 | 1282.71 | 1321.08 | 1201.14 |
Satellite | Band | Center Wavelength (μm) |
---|---|---|
Landsat 4, 5, and 7 | 6 | 11.45 |
Landsat 8 | 10 | 10.8 |
Landsat 8 | 11 | 12 |
3.2.3. VCI, TCI and VHI
- NDVI, NDVImin, and NDVImax are the seasonal average of the smoothed weekly NDVI, its multiyear absolute minimum and its maximum, respectively;
- Tc, Tmin, and Tmax are similar values for land surface temperature in Celsius.
Drought | Values |
---|---|
Extreme | <10 |
Severe | <20 |
Moderate | <30 |
Mild | <40 |
No | ≥40 |
4. Results
Drought | Area in km2 | Area in Percentage |
---|---|---|
Extreme | 0.27 | <0.01 |
Severe | 22.62 | 0.32 |
Moderate | 268.41 | 3.80 |
Mild | 907.35 | 12.84 |
No | 5868.79 | 83.04 |
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
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Ghaleb, F.; Mario, M.; Sandra, A.N. Regional Landsat-Based Drought Monitoring from 1982 to 2014. Climate 2015, 3, 563-577. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli3030563
Ghaleb F, Mario M, Sandra AN. Regional Landsat-Based Drought Monitoring from 1982 to 2014. Climate. 2015; 3(3):563-577. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli3030563
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhaleb, Faour, Mhawej Mario, and Abou Najem Sandra. 2015. "Regional Landsat-Based Drought Monitoring from 1982 to 2014" Climate 3, no. 3: 563-577. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli3030563