Influence of Coke Ratio on the Sintering Behavior of High-Chromium Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Raw Materials
2.2. Sintering Pot Tests
2.3. Analysis Method
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Flue Gas
3.2. Sintering Process Parameters
3.3. Mineralogy
3.4. Metallurgical Performance
3.5. Energy Efficiency
4. Conclusions
- By increasing the coke ratio (from 4.0% to 6.0%), the combustion ratio of the flue gas also increased, indicating the increase in the combustion zone temperature.
- With the increase of the coke ratio, the vertical sintering rate and the ratio of sintered products decreased, and the yield increased, firstly, and then decreased.
- With different coke ratios, the mineral composition of HCVTS was found to be approximately the same. The iron-containing minerals are mainly composed of magnetite and hematite, while the bonding phase is mainly composed of calcium ferrite, silicate, and a glassy substance. In addition, the tumbler strength of HCVTS decreased; the reduction degradation performance increased while the reducibility decreased, and the appropriate coke ratio for the sintering process was found to be 5.0%.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Item | TFe | SiO2 | CaO | MgO | Al2O3 | TiO2 | V2O5 | Cr2O3 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HCVTM | 61.42 | 2.54 | 0.32 | 1.20 | 2.95 | 5.12 | 1.01 | 0.47 |
Magnetite A | 62.99 | 5.30 | 0.49 | 1.01 | 3.36 | - | - | - |
Magnetite B | 63.73 | 3.24 | 1.09 | 3.03 | 2.15 | - | - | - |
Magnetite C | 61.80 | 3.70 | 1.20 | 3.50 | 2.40 | - | - | - |
Shaft furnace ash | 33.28 | 7.26 | 5.65 | 1.98 | 4.55 | 1.32 | 0.25 | - |
Tailings | 30.68 | 16.97 | 2.44 | 2.82 | 1.53 | 9.81 | 1.22 | - |
Magnesite | - | 3.50 | 1.20 | 42.0 | - | - | - | - |
Quicklime | - | 2.52 | 83.07 | 3.50 | - | - | - | - |
Fixed Carbon | Total Sulfur | Volatile | Ash (14.00) | ∑ | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FeO | CaO | SiO2 | MgO | Al2O3 | Others | ||||
84.00 | 0.50 | 1.50 | 0.14 | 0.48 | 7.50 | 0.15 | 2.72 | 2.89 | 100.00 |
Blends | Coke (%) | Materials (100%) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HCVTM | Magnetite A | Magnetite B | Magnetite C | Return Fines | Shaft Furnace Ash | Tailing | ||
1 | 4.0 | 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 24 | 1.0 | 5.0 |
2 | 4.5 | 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 24 | 1.0 | 5.0 |
3 | 5.0 | 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 24 | 1.0 | 5.0 |
4 | 5.5 | 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 24 | 1.0 | 5.0 |
5 | 6.0 | 40 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 24 | 1.0 | 5.0 |
Bed height: 700 mm | Sintering pot diameter: 320 mm |
Ignition suction: 8.0 kPa | Sintering suction: 12.0 kPa |
Ignition temperature: 1100 °C | Ignition time: 2 min |
Height of hearth layer: 20 mm | Moisture: 7.5 ± 0.3% |
Granulation time: 10 min |
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Yang, S.; Zhou, M.; Tang, W.; Jiang, T.; Xue, X.; Zhang, W. Influence of Coke Ratio on the Sintering Behavior of High-Chromium Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite. Minerals 2017, 7, 107. https://doi.org/10.3390/min7070107
Yang S, Zhou M, Tang W, Jiang T, Xue X, Zhang W. Influence of Coke Ratio on the Sintering Behavior of High-Chromium Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite. Minerals. 2017; 7(7):107. https://doi.org/10.3390/min7070107
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Songtao, Mi Zhou, Weidong Tang, Tao Jiang, Xiangxin Xue, and Weijun Zhang. 2017. "Influence of Coke Ratio on the Sintering Behavior of High-Chromium Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite" Minerals 7, no. 7: 107. https://doi.org/10.3390/min7070107