Adsorption of Scandium and Neodymium on Biochar Derived after Low-Temperature Pyrolysis of Sawdust
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Adsorbents
2.2. Geochemical Modelling
2.3. Kinetic and Equilibrium Experiments
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of Biochar
3.1.1. Properties
3.1.2. Mineralogical Analysis
3.1.3. Morphology
3.1.4. Thermogravimetric Analysis
3.1.5. FTIR Analysis
3.1.6. pHPZC
3.2. Speciation Studies: Identification of Potential Solubility-Controlling Phases
3.3. Morphology of the Adsorbents
3.4. Determination of Adsorbents Efficiency
3.4.1. Kinetic Studies
3.4.2. Isotherm Models
3.4.3. Adsorption Mechanism
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Sd | Sd350 | AC |
---|---|---|---|
yP, % | - | 30.20 | - |
pH | 5.4 | 3.7 | 10.2 |
EC, mS·cm−1 | 0.34 | 0.24 | - |
Surface area, m2·g−1 | - | 4.71 | 912.10 |
Porosity, % | 10.4 | 20.41 | - |
VM, % | 87.9 | 42.11 | - |
Char, % | 12.1 | 54.17 | - |
FC, % | 10.5 | 52.46 | - |
Ash, % | 1.6 | 1.71 | - |
% C | 46.7 | 62.23 | 78.91 |
% H | 5.8 | 2.24 | - |
% N | 0.51 | 0.34 | - |
% O | 47 | 35.19 | - |
Adsorbent-REE | Pseudo-First Order | Pseudo-Second Order | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
k1 (min−1) | qe (mg·g−1) | R2 | k2 (g·mg−1·min−1) | qe (mg·g−1) | R2 | |
Sd350-Sc | 0.287 | 0.361 | 0.989 | 2.723 | 1.059 | 0.999 |
AC-Sc | 0.519 | 0.166 | 0.774 | 13.799 | 1.539 | 0.999 |
Sd350-Nd | 0.187 | 0.688 | 0.991 | 0.875 | 1.611 | 0.999 |
AC-Nd | 0.179 | 0.331 | 0.719 | 2.258 | 1.772 | 1.000 |
Adsorbent | Adsorbent Conc. (g·L−1) | % Nd Adsorbed | Nd Adsorption Rate (mg·g−1) | % Sc Adsorbed | Sc Adsorption Rate (mg·g−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sd350 | 1 | 40.2 | 8.0 | 37.9 | 7.5 |
2 | 47.1 | 4.7 | 39.7 | 4.0 | |
5 | 61.5 | 2.5 | 47.9 | 1.9 | |
10 | 78.6 | 1.6 | 52.3 | 1.1 | |
AC | 1 | 44.2 | 8.8 | 42.6 | 8.5 |
2 | 55.0 | 5.5 | 46.3 | 4.6 | |
5 | 68.5 | 2.7 | 62.0 | 2.5 | |
10 | 87.9 | 1.8 | 76.8 | 1.5 |
Adsorbent | Nd | Sc |
---|---|---|
Sd350 | −3.23 | −0.23 |
AC | −4.92 | −2.96 |
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Komnitsas, K.; Zaharaki, D.; Bartzas, G.; Alevizos, G. Adsorption of Scandium and Neodymium on Biochar Derived after Low-Temperature Pyrolysis of Sawdust. Minerals 2017, 7, 200. https://doi.org/10.3390/min7100200
Komnitsas K, Zaharaki D, Bartzas G, Alevizos G. Adsorption of Scandium and Neodymium on Biochar Derived after Low-Temperature Pyrolysis of Sawdust. Minerals. 2017; 7(10):200. https://doi.org/10.3390/min7100200
Chicago/Turabian StyleKomnitsas, Konstantinos, Dimitra Zaharaki, Georgios Bartzas, and Georgios Alevizos. 2017. "Adsorption of Scandium and Neodymium on Biochar Derived after Low-Temperature Pyrolysis of Sawdust" Minerals 7, no. 10: 200. https://doi.org/10.3390/min7100200