Spatial Differentiation of Cultivated Land Use Intensification in Village Settings: A Survey of Typical Chinese Villages
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Telecoupling Framework of Cultivated Land Use Intensification
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Research Area
3.2. Data Sources
3.3. Pressure–State–Response Model and the Index System of the VCLUI
3.4. Comprehensive Evaluations
3.5. Correlation Analyses
4. Results
4.1. Spatial Variation in the VCLUI
4.1.1. Intensive Degrees of Cultivated Land Use
4.1.2. Input Intensities
4.1.3. Output Levels
4.1.4. Land Structures
4.2. Correlations among the VCLUIs
4.2.1. Correlation between the Intensity Degrees and the Elements
4.2.2. Correlations among the Elements of the VCLUIs
5. Discussion
5.1. Interpretation of the Findings
5.2. Advantages of the VCLUI Theoretical Framework
5.3. Types of VCLUI and Recommendations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Target Layers | Criterion Layers | Index Layers | Target Directions | Formulae and Units | Index Weights |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intensive degrees of cultivated land use | Input intensity | Fertilizer input | + | Fertilizer purification application amount/cultivated land area (kg/ha) | 0.0691 |
Pesticide input | + | Total pesticide application amount/cultivated land area (kg/ha) | 0.0744 | ||
Technical input | + | Total power of agricultural machinery/cultivated land area (kw/ha) | 0.1228 | ||
General labor input | + | Total number of general labor/cultivated land area (person/ha) | 0.0318 | ||
New labor input | + | Total number of large planters, family farms, and agricultural cooperatives/cultivated land area (person/ha) | 0.1406 | ||
Output levels | Grain yield per area | + | Grain output/cultivated land area (kg/ha) | 0.1007 | |
Agricultural output value per area | + | Agricultural output value/cultivated land (yuan RMB/ha) | 0.0926 | ||
Agricultural output value per capita | + | Agricultural output value/village member papulation in agricultural production (yuan RMB/person) | 0.0756 | ||
Land structures | Scale operation area | + | Scale operation area of large planter, family farm and agricultural cooperative/cultivated land area (%) | 0.1373 | |
Cultivated land per capita | + | Cultivated land area/total village member population (ha /person) | 0.0061 | ||
Cash crop ratio | + | Cash crop area/cultivated land area (%) | 0.1475 | ||
Erosion area ratio | - | Erosion ditch area/cultivated land area (%) | 0.0015 |
Types | Characteristics | Development Directions |
---|---|---|
High input and high output | Cultivated land is concentrated and contiguous in the plains; Scales of the average households’ cultivated land areas are large; Proportions of new labor are high; Total power of the agricultural machinery is sufficient; Soil and water resources are abundant | Characteristics of the planting areas of cultivated land use |
High input and low output | Cultivated land areas are scattered in the hill areas; Scales of the average households’ cultivated land areas are large; Proportions of the new labor are high; Total power of the agricultural machinery is sufficient; Soil and water resources are not abundant | Upgraded transformation areas of cultivated land use |
Low input and high output | Cultivated land areas are concentrated and contiguous in the plains; Scales of the average households’ cultivated land area are large; Proportion of the new labor is low; Total power of the agricultural machinery is not sufficient; Soil and water resources are abundant | Developing guide areas of cultivated land use |
Low input and low output | Cultivated land areas are scattered in the hilly areas; Scales of the average households’ cultivated land are areas low; Proportion of the new labor is low; Total power of the agricultural machinery is not sufficient; Soil and water resources are not abundant | Key lifting areas of cultivated land use |
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Li, Q.; Dong, Z.; Du, G.; Yang, A. Spatial Differentiation of Cultivated Land Use Intensification in Village Settings: A Survey of Typical Chinese Villages. Land 2021, 10, 249. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10030249
Li Q, Dong Z, Du G, Yang A. Spatial Differentiation of Cultivated Land Use Intensification in Village Settings: A Survey of Typical Chinese Villages. Land. 2021; 10(3):249. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10030249
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Quanfeng, Zhe Dong, Guoming Du, and Aizheng Yang. 2021. "Spatial Differentiation of Cultivated Land Use Intensification in Village Settings: A Survey of Typical Chinese Villages" Land 10, no. 3: 249. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10030249