Enhancing the Adhesive Strength of a Plywood Adhesive Developed from Hydrolyzed Specified Risk Materials
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials and Chemicals
2.2. Methods
2.2.1. SRM Hydrolysis and Recovery of Peptides
2.2.2. Characterization of Peptides
Estimation of Carboxyl Groups
Estimation of Amine Groups
2.3. Adhesive Formulation
2.3.1. General Method
2.3.2. Varying the Effect of Crosslinking Ratio
2.4. Preparation of Plywood Specimens
2.5. Testing of Plywood Specimens
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of Peptides
3.2. Effect of Various Factors on Lap Shear Strength of Plywood Specimens
3.2.1. Effect of Crosslinking Time
3.2.2. Effect of Crosslinking Ratio
3.2.3. Effect of Hot Pressing Temperature
3.3. Comparison of Adhesive Strength with Commercial PF Resin
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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PAE resin (g) | Peptides (g) | Water (g) | Total weight (g) | Solid from PAE resin, dry basis (g) 1 | Total solid (g) | Solid content (%) | Wt % of PAE resin (dry basis) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.0 | 4.4 | 17.5 | 21.9 | 0.00 | 4.4 | 20.0 | 0.0 |
2 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 14.0 | 21.9 | 0.50 | 4.4 | 20.0 | 11.4 |
3 | 8.0 | 3.4 | 10.5 | 21.9 | 1.00 | 4.4 | 20.0 | 22.8 |
4 | 12.0 | 2.9 | 7.0 | 21.9 | 1.50 | 4.4 | 20.0 | 34.3 |
5 | 16.0 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 21.9 | 2.00 | 4.4 | 20.0 | 45.7 |
6 | 20.0 | 1.9 | 0.0 | 21.9 | 2.50 | 4.4 | 20.0 | 57.1 |
Press temp (°C) | Dry samples | Soaked samples |
---|---|---|
110 | adhesive failure 1 in 86% of samples, fibre pulled out 2 in 14% of samples | 100% samples underwent adhesive failure |
120 | cohesive wood failure 3 in 43% of samples, fibre pulled out in 57% of samples | adhesive failure in 57% of samples, fibre pulled out in 43% of samples |
130 | cohesive wood failure in 86% of samples, fibre pulled out in 14% of samples | cohesive wood failure in 86% of samples, fibre pulled out in 14% of samples |
140 | cohesive wood failure in 86% of samples, fibre pulled out in 14% of samples | 100% samples underwent cohesive wood failure |
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Adhikari, B.B.; Appadu, P.; Kislitsin, V.; Chae, M.; Choi, P.; Bressler, D.C. Enhancing the Adhesive Strength of a Plywood Adhesive Developed from Hydrolyzed Specified Risk Materials. Polymers 2016, 8, 285. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym8080285
Adhikari BB, Appadu P, Kislitsin V, Chae M, Choi P, Bressler DC. Enhancing the Adhesive Strength of a Plywood Adhesive Developed from Hydrolyzed Specified Risk Materials. Polymers. 2016; 8(8):285. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym8080285
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdhikari, Birendra B., Pooran Appadu, Vadim Kislitsin, Michael Chae, Phillip Choi, and David C. Bressler. 2016. "Enhancing the Adhesive Strength of a Plywood Adhesive Developed from Hydrolyzed Specified Risk Materials" Polymers 8, no. 8: 285. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym8080285