Poly(Lactic Acid)/ZnO Bionanocomposite Films with Positively Charged ZnO as Potential Antimicrobial Food Packaging Materials
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Materials
2.2. Synthesis of ZnO NPs
2.3. Preparation of Bionanocomposite Films
2.4. Characterization
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. FT-IR Analysis
3.2. XRD Analysis
3.3. Optical Property
3.4. Morphology
3.5. Thermal Properties
3.6. Barrier Property
3.7. Surface Energy and Water Sorption
3.8. Antibacterial Activity of PLA/ZnO Bionanocomposite Films
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Code | DSC | TGA | DVS | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tg (°C) a | Tm (°C) b | ΔHm (J/g) c | Tc (°C) d | ΔHc (J/g) e | Td3% (°C) f | Td10% (°C) g | Residual Content (%) h | Water Uptake (3h) | |
ZnO NPs | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 98.8 | - |
PLA | 62.5 ± 0.05 | 165.6 ± 0.3 | 46.2 ± 1.4 | 110.6 ± 0.1 | 43.1 ± 0.2 | 324.8 | 341.7 | 2.6 | 0.82 ± 0.04 |
PLA/ZnO (0.5%) | 62.1 ± 0.03 | 166.5 ± 0.3 | 43.8 ± 0.8 | 104.5 ± 0.1 | 35.7 ± 3.1 | 281.4 | 300.4 | 2.8 | 0.92 ± 0.04 |
PLA/ZnO (1%) | 61.7 ± 0.05 | 166.6 ± 1.8 | 40.6 ± 0.1 | 101.5 ± 2.3 | 30.9± 0.5 | 275.7 | 295.7 | 3.1 | 0.94 ± 0.02 |
PLA/ZnO (3%) | 61.3 ± 0.05 | 166.7 ± 2.4 | 40.4 ± 1.1 | 101.1 ± 1.2 | 30.2 ± 0.5 | 273.6 | 294.8 | 5.2 | 0.90 ± 0.02 |
PLA/ZnO (5%) | 60.9 ± 0.03 | 166.8 ± 2.5 | 38.9 ± 1.8 | 99.1 ± 4.2 | 28.7 ± 1.3 | 273.1 | 293.7 | 7.1 | 0.97 ± 0.01 |
PLA/ZnO (10%) | 58.2 ± 0.07 | 166.9 ± 3.0 | 33.9 ± 5.1 | 98.6 ± 1.8 | 24.8 ± 4.0 | 272.6 | 293.1 | 11.1 | 0.94 ± 0.03 |
Sample Code | S. aureus | R (%) | E. coli | R (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
10−7 | 10−5 | |||
PLA | - | - | ||
PLA/ZnO (0.5%) | 23.3 | 51.7 | ||
PLA/ZnO (1%) | 69.2 | 69.0 | ||
PLA/ZnO (3%) | 83.7 | 100 | ||
PLA/ZnO (5%) | 90.2 | 100 | ||
PLA/ZnO (10%) | 100 | 100 |
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Kim, I.; Viswanathan, K.; Kasi, G.; Sadeghi, K.; Thanakkasaranee, S.; Seo, J. Poly(Lactic Acid)/ZnO Bionanocomposite Films with Positively Charged ZnO as Potential Antimicrobial Food Packaging Materials. Polymers 2019, 11, 1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11091427
Kim I, Viswanathan K, Kasi G, Sadeghi K, Thanakkasaranee S, Seo J. Poly(Lactic Acid)/ZnO Bionanocomposite Films with Positively Charged ZnO as Potential Antimicrobial Food Packaging Materials. Polymers. 2019; 11(9):1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11091427
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Insoo, Karthika Viswanathan, Gopinath Kasi, Kambiz Sadeghi, Sarinthip Thanakkasaranee, and Jongchul Seo. 2019. "Poly(Lactic Acid)/ZnO Bionanocomposite Films with Positively Charged ZnO as Potential Antimicrobial Food Packaging Materials" Polymers 11, no. 9: 1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11091427