Biosynthesized Bimetallic (ZnOSnO2) Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes and Pharmaceutical Pollutants
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. FTIR Analysis of the Bimetallic Sf ZnOSnO2 Nanomaterials at Various Loadings
2.2. XRD Analysis of the Bimetallic Sf ZnOSnO2 Nanomaterials at Various Loadings
2.3. Morphological Analysis Using SEM Microscopy
2.4. BET Surface Area Measurements of the Bimetallic Nanoparticles
2.5. Photocatalytic Degradation of the Loaded Materials against MB
2.6. Effect of Trapping Species and Degradation Mechanism
2.7. Photocatalytic Degradation of the Bimetallic Nanoparticles against SMX and SSX
3. Experimental
3.1. Materials and Reagents
3.2. Methodologies
3.2.1. Extraction
3.2.2. Bimetallic Synthesis
3.3. Characterization
3.4. Photocatalytic
3.5. Reusability and Trapping Studies
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | Surface Area (m2/g) | Pore Volume (mL/g) | Pore Size (nm) |
---|---|---|---|
SnO2 | 3.4908 | 10.02 | 16.3856 |
ZnO | 3.0487 | 10.04 | 54.412 |
30% | 4.8929 | 10.05 | 25.09645 |
50% | 6.6646 | 10.06 | 30.8147 |
70% | 3.6998 | 10.04 | 34.5985 |
Precursor | Plant | Shape | Size (nm) | Poll * | Conc | % Removal | Time (min) | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NiO/MgO | Purica granatum | Sphere | 3 nm | MB MO | 2 ppm | 87 73 | 10 | [41] |
ZnO-CuO | Calotropis gigantean | Spheres | 10–40 nm | MB | 5 ppm | 98 | 105 | [42] |
Ag-Cu ZnO | Acacia caesia | Sphere | - | RB CR | 10 mM | 99 | 57 | [43] |
Ag/ZnO | Oak | Sphere | 19 nm | BV3 | 100 µM | 94 | 120 | [44] |
Fe3O4/SiO2/ZnO | Fructose | Quasi-sphere | 38 nm | CR | 3 ppm | 85 | 80 | [45] |
ZnO-SnO2 | Sutherlendia Frutescens | Sphers | 5–60 nm | MB | 20 ppm | 88 | 120 | This Study |
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Mahlaule-Glory, L.M.; Mathobela, S.; Hintsho-Mbita, N.C. Biosynthesized Bimetallic (ZnOSnO2) Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes and Pharmaceutical Pollutants. Catalysts 2022, 12, 334. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12030334
Mahlaule-Glory LM, Mathobela S, Hintsho-Mbita NC. Biosynthesized Bimetallic (ZnOSnO2) Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes and Pharmaceutical Pollutants. Catalysts. 2022; 12(3):334. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12030334
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahlaule-Glory, Louisah M., Sarah Mathobela, and Nomso C. Hintsho-Mbita. 2022. "Biosynthesized Bimetallic (ZnOSnO2) Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes and Pharmaceutical Pollutants" Catalysts 12, no. 3: 334. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12030334