Aerosol Optical and Microphysical Properties of Four Typical Sites of SONET in China Based on Remote Sensing Measurements
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. SONET and Observation Sites
2.1. Sun-Sky Radiometer Observation Network
2.2. Observation Sites and Data
Site Observation Period | Season | N. of Aerosol Optical Depth | N. of Retrievals (Size Distribution) | N. of Retrievals (Other Parameters) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Beijing (BJ) March 2012–February 2013 | Spring | 284 | 215 | 128 |
Summer | 212 | 103 | 56 | |
Autumn | 396 | 232 | 144 | |
Winter | 374 | 204 | 102 | |
Zhangye (ZY) March 2013–February 2014 | Spring | 407 | 127 | 53 |
Summer | 424 | 99 | 26 | |
Autumn | 330 | 295 | 75 | |
Winter | 155 | 87 | 39 | |
Minqin (MQ) March 2012–February 2013 | Spring | 323 | 100 | 73 |
Summer | 311 | 104 | 53 | |
Autumn | 404 | 186 | 64 | |
Winter | 137 | 85 | 7 | |
Zhoushan (ZS) March 2012–February 2013 | Spring | 460 | 206 | 180 |
Summer | 278 | 88 | 46 | |
Autumn | 335 | 232 | 144 | |
Winter | 282 | 150 | 135 |
3. Methodology
3.1. Calibration of Sun-Sky Radiometer
3.2. Inversion of Aerosol Properties
Aerosol Parameters | Uncertainties | |
---|---|---|
Refractive index | Real part n | 0.04 (0.025–0.05) |
Imaginary part k | 40% (30%–100%) | |
Size distribution | 0.1 μm < r < 7 μm | 25% (15%–35%) |
r > 7 μm & r < 0.1 μm | 50% (15%–100%) | |
SSA | 0.03 (0.03~0.07) | |
AOD | 0.01–0.02 |
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Aerosol Optical Depth
Site | Season | AODf (440 nm) | FMF (440 nm) |
---|---|---|---|
BJ | Spring | 0.63 ± 0.57 | 0.75 |
Summer | 0.98 ± 0.62 | 0.93 | |
Autumn | 0.71 ± 0.61 | 0.79 | |
Winter | 0.73 ± 0.53 | 0.91 | |
ZY | Spring | 0.12 ± 0.06 | 0.48 |
Summer | 0.11 ± 0.05 | 0.57 | |
Autumn | 0.10 ± 0.05 | 0.63 | |
Winter | 0.11 ± 0.11 | 0.52 | |
MQ | Spring | 0.22 ± 0.16 | 0.64 |
Summer | 0.17 ± 0.09 | 0.68 | |
Autumn | 0.12 ± 0.06 | 0.64 | |
Winter | 0.13 ± 0.07 | 0.58 | |
ZS | Spring | 0.58 ± 0.36 | 0.82 |
Summer | 0.43 ± 0.48 | 0.92 | |
Autumn | 0.57 ± 0.35 | 0.89 | |
Winter | 0.49 ± 0.31 | 0.91 |
4.2. Ångström Exponent
4.3. Volume Size Distribution
Site | Season | Total Volume Concentration (μm3/μm2) | VFMF |
---|---|---|---|
BJ | Spring | 0.36 ± 0.30 | 0.26 ± 0.15 |
Summer | 0.26 ± 0.12 | 0.51 ± 0.20 | |
Autumn | 0.25 ± 0.14 | 0.38 ± 0.17 | |
Winter | 0.20 ± 0.11 | 0.49 ± 0.14 | |
ZY | Spring | 0.15 ± 0.06 | 0.07 ± 0.03 |
Summer | 0.10 ± 0.04 | 0.14 ± 0.09 | |
Autumn | 0.08 ± 0.04 | 0.17 ± 0.09 | |
Winter | 0.13 ± 0.12 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | |
MQ | Spring | 0.16 ± 0.08 | 0.18 ± 0.12 |
Summer | 0.11 ± 0.07 | 0.21 ± 0.12 | |
Autumn | 0.09 ± 0.04 | 0.18 ± 0.11 | |
Winter | 0.11 ± 0.09 | 0.12 ± 0.07 | |
ZS | Spring | 0.21 ± 0.09 | 0.39 ± 0.14 |
Summer | 0.13 ± 0.09 | 0.55 ± 0.14 | |
Autumn | 0.17 ± 0.07 | 0.50 ± 0.19 | |
Winter | 0.14 ± 0.06 | 0.45 ± 0.17 |
4.4. Aerosol Complex Refractive Index
4.5. Single Scattering Albedo
4.6. Percentage of Spherical Particles
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Xie, Y.; Li, Z.; Li, D.; Xu, H.; Li, K. Aerosol Optical and Microphysical Properties of Four Typical Sites of SONET in China Based on Remote Sensing Measurements. Remote Sens. 2015, 7, 9928-9953. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70809928
Xie Y, Li Z, Li D, Xu H, Li K. Aerosol Optical and Microphysical Properties of Four Typical Sites of SONET in China Based on Remote Sensing Measurements. Remote Sensing. 2015; 7(8):9928-9953. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70809928
Chicago/Turabian StyleXie, Yisong, Zhengqiang Li, Donghui Li, Hua Xu, and Kaitao Li. 2015. "Aerosol Optical and Microphysical Properties of Four Typical Sites of SONET in China Based on Remote Sensing Measurements" Remote Sensing 7, no. 8: 9928-9953. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70809928