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• Stuckens, J
• Somers, B
• Verstraeten, WW.
• Swennen, R
• Coppin, P
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• Somers, B
• Verstraeten, WW.
• Swennen, R
• Coppin, P
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• Somers, B
• Verstraeten, WW.
• Swennen, R
• Coppin, P

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Remote Sens. 2009, 1(3), 496-518; doi:10.3390/rs1030496

Article

Evaluation and Normalization of Cloud Obscuration Related BRDF Effects in Field Spectroscopy

Jan Stuckens ^1,* , Ben Somers ¹ , Willem W. Verstraeten ¹ , Rony Swennen ²  and Pol Coppin ¹

¹ M3 BIORES, K.U. Leuven, de Croylaan 34, 3001 Leuven, Belgium ² Division of Crop Biotechnics, K.U. Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 13, 3001 Leuven, Belgium

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 1 July 2009; in revised form: 7 August 2009 / Accepted: 11 August 2009 / Published: 25 August 2009

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Abstract: The impact of target bidirectional reflectance in dual field of view spectroscopy was described and quantified using field measurements and ray-tracing simulations. A data-driven normalization method was developed to convert reflectance factors under cloud obscured conditions into clear sky reflectance by decomposing the target bidirectional reflectance into an isotropic target-specific component and a group-specific bidirectional component. An evaluation on tree, grass and gravel targets suggests a reduction in relative reflectance error obtained by normalization from 15% to less than 5% between 400 and 1800 nm. At higher wavelengths a decreased signal-to-noise ratio increases the errors.

Keywords: dual field-of-view; spectroradiometer; hyperspectral; BRDF; clouds; obscuration

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