Modified S2CVA Algorithm Using Cross-Sharpened Images for Unsupervised Change Detection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Sharpening
2.1. General Pan-Sharpening
2.2. Cross-Sharpening
3. Modified S2CVA Algorithm
3.1. S2CVA
3.2. Modified S2CVA to Reduce False Alarms Using the Direction Vector for Cross-Sharpened Images
4. Experimental Results and Discussion
4.1. Materials and Study Areas
4.2. Experimental Results
4.2.1. Influence of the Cross-Sharpened Images Based on the Pan-Sharpening Algorithm on the Change Detection Results
4.2.2. Accuracy Estimation of the Change Detection Results from Cross-Sharpened Images
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Launch | 28 July 2006 |
---|---|
Ground sampling distance | Panchromatic: 1.0 m Multispectral: 4.0 m |
Spectral bands | Panchromatic: 500–900 nm MS1 (Blue): 450–520 nm MS2 (Green): 520–600 nm MS3 (Red): 630–690 nm MS4 (NIR): 760–900 nm |
Swath width | 15 km (nadir) |
Radiometric resolution | 11 bits |
Site 1 (Cheongju) | Site 2 (Daejeon) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Image size | 2400 × 2400 | 2000 × 2000 | |
Acquisition date | Before change | 18 November 2008 | 5 October 2007 |
After change | 21 May 2012 | 12 April 2011 |
Algorithm | ERGAS | SAM | UIQI | |
---|---|---|---|---|
GSA | Time 1 (before change) | 3.5798 | 1.7084 | 0.6943 |
Time 2 (after change) | 3.0608 | 1.9015 | 0.6795 | |
GS2 | Time 1 | 2.7289 | 1.1826 | 0.7825 |
Time 2 | 2.4152 | 1.4444 | 0.7529 | |
NDVI-based algorithm | Time 1 | 2.7742 | 1.4072 | 0.7899 |
Time 2 | 2.5982 | 1.5166 | 0.7521 |
Algorithm | AUC |
---|---|
GSA | 0.7290 |
GS2 | 0.7433 |
NDVI-based algorithm | 0.7464 |
Study Area | Change Detection | AUC |
---|---|---|
Site 1 | Magnitude using only pan-sharpened images | 0.7464 |
Magnitude using cross-sharpened images | 0.8070 | |
Magnitude fused with direction using cross-sharpened images | 0.8272 | |
Site 2 | Magnitude using only pan-sharpened images | 0.8192 |
Magnitude using cross-sharpened images | 0.9342 | |
Magnitude fused with direction using cross-sharpened images | 0.9456 |
Using Only Pan-Sharpened Images | Using only the Magnitude of Cross-Sharpened Images | Using Fused Magnitude and the Direction of Cross-Sharpened Images | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ground Truth | Ground Truth | Ground Truth | |||||
Changed | Unchanged | Changed | Unchanged | Changed | Unchanged | ||
Change detection map | Changed | 320494 | 1295246 | 103913 | 65526 | 349142 | 765278 |
Unchanged | 210088 | 3934172 | 426669 | 5163892 | 181440 | 4464140 | |
Detection rate | 0.604 | 0.196 | 0.658 | ||||
False alarm rate | 0.248 | 0.012 | 0.146 | ||||
Overall accuracy | 0.739 | 0.914 | 0.836 |
Using Only Pan-Sharpened Images | Using Only the Magnitude of Cross-Sharpened Images | Using Fused Magnitude and the Direction of Cross-Sharpened Images | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ground Truth | Ground Truth | Ground Truth | |||||
Changed | Unchanged | Changed | Unchanged | Changed | Unchanged | ||
Change detection map | Changed | 138236 | 1138727 | 114519 | 219431 | 161276 | 605647 |
Unchanged | 39315 | 2683722 | 63032 | 3603018 | 16275 | 3216802 | |
Detection rate | 0.779 | 0.645 | 0.908 | ||||
False alarm rate | 0.298 | 0.057 | 0.158 | ||||
Overall accuracy | 0.705 | 0.929 | 0.844 |
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Share and Cite
Park, H.; Choi, J.; Park, W.; Park, H. Modified S2CVA Algorithm Using Cross-Sharpened Images for Unsupervised Change Detection. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3301. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093301
Park H, Choi J, Park W, Park H. Modified S2CVA Algorithm Using Cross-Sharpened Images for Unsupervised Change Detection. Sustainability. 2018; 10(9):3301. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093301
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Honglyun, Jaewan Choi, Wanyong Park, and Hyunchun Park. 2018. "Modified S2CVA Algorithm Using Cross-Sharpened Images for Unsupervised Change Detection" Sustainability 10, no. 9: 3301. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093301