Phototriggerable Liposomes: Current Research and Future Perspectives
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Nano Drug Delivery Systems
1.2. Light-Guided Therapies, General Considerations
2. Liposomes as Drug Delivery Platforms: An Overview
3. Triggerable Liposomes
4. Phototriggerable Nano Drug Delivery Platforms
Platform | Photo-sensitive component agent | Objective | Current status | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
liposomes | verteporfin (laser 689 nm) | delivery of photosensitizer | in clinic (visudyne) | [89] |
liposomes | lipids/nanogold laser-(photothermal) | triggered drug delivery | in vitro and animal studies | [62,77] |
gold nanostars/vesicles | photosensitizers (clorin e6) | drug delivery PTT/PDT | in vitro/in vivo | [80,81] |
carbon dots | metal ions | theranostics | in vitro/in vivo | [78,79] |
plasmonic nanobubbles | mechanical by laser | drug delivery | in vitro/in vivo | [82] |
polymers | photoprins phthalocyanines | neovascularization | in vitro/in vivo studies | [85,86] |
polymers nanoreactors | photosensitizer | ROS production | in vitro | [83,84] |
dendrimers polymeric micelles | porphyrin phthalocyanine | drug delivery | in vitro | [87,88] |
5. Photodynamic Drug-Liposome Formulations
Visudyne Therapy
6. Phototriggerable Liposomes-Background
6.1. Photo-Stabilized Liposomes as Candidates for Sustained Drug Delivery
6.2. Phototriggerable Liposomes for On-Demand Drug Delivery
6.3. Reversible Phototriggering
6.4. Photocleavable Liposomes
6.5. Photopolymerizable Liposomes
6.6. Bis-SorbPC
6.7. DC8,9PC
7. Phototriggerable Liposomes for Cancer Treatment: Limitations
8. Clinical Promise and Challenges towards Future of Phototriggerable Liposomes in Drug Delivery
Abbreviations
PC | Phosphatidylcholine |
PE | Phosphatidylethanolamine |
Tm | Phase-transition |
DPPC | 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine |
POPC | 1-palmitoyl,2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine |
DiI | 1,1'-didodecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate |
DC8,9PC | Photo-polymerizable phospholipid: 1,2-bis(tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine |
PS | Photosensitizer |
PDT | Photodynamic therapy |
ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
EPR | Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect |
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Puri, A. Phototriggerable Liposomes: Current Research and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceutics 2014, 6, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics6010001
Puri A. Phototriggerable Liposomes: Current Research and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceutics. 2014; 6(1):1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics6010001
Chicago/Turabian StylePuri, Anu. 2014. "Phototriggerable Liposomes: Current Research and Future Perspectives" Pharmaceutics 6, no. 1: 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics6010001