Comparison of Root Surface Enzyme Activity of Ericaceous Plants and Picea abies Growing at the Tree Line in the Austrian Alps
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Site Description
2.2. Root Sampling
2.3. DNA Extraction and PCR Amplification
2.4. Root Staining
2.5. Estimation of Hair Root and Fine Root Surface Area.
2.6. Potential Activity of Extracellular Root Enzymes
2.7. Soil Properties
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Soil Chemical Properties
3.2. Root Surface Enzyme Activity
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Picea abies | Rhododendron ferrugineum | Vaccinium vitis-idaea | Vaccinium myrtillus | Calluna vulgaris | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Soil pH (water) | 4.3 ± 0.1 b | 4.8 ± 0.1 a | 4.9 ± 0.04 a | 4.8 ± 0.1 a | 4.7± 0.1 a |
C% | 31.8 ± 3.1 b | 16.3 ± 1.1 a | 18.4 ± 2.5 a | 21.8 ± 5.6 a | 20.7 ± 3.3 a |
N% | 1.2 ± 0.1 a | 0.7 ± 0.1 a | 0.9 ± 0.1 a | 0.9 ± 0.2 a | 1.0 ± 0.1 a |
C/N | 26.4 ± 1.0 b | 22.2 ± 0.9 a | 20.1 ± 0. 8 a | 22.8 ± 1.1 a | 21.5 ± 0.5 a |
Ectomycorrhizal Taxa | β-glucuronidase (pmol mm−2 min−1) | Laccase (µmol mm−2 min−1) | Leucine Aminopeptidase (pmol mm−2 min−1) | N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (pmol mm−2 min−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Thelephoraceae | 11.6 ± 2.1 bc | 4011 ± 891 b | 3.2 ± 1.0 b | 86 ± 12 bcd |
Russula xerampelina | 2.8 ± 0.4 e | 4053 ± 756 b | 40.6 ± 6.7 a | 103 ± 6 ac |
Lactarius aurantiacus | 3.8 ± 0.7 de | 253 ± 68 c | 3.9 ± 0.5 b | 107 ± 14 ab |
Amphinema byssoides | 20.2 ± 3.6 a | 1246 ± 328 c | 4.5 ± 0.6 b | 91 ± 13 abcd |
Unknown 1 | 4.1 ± 0.5 de | 493 ± 271 c | 3.3 ± 1.8 b | 85 ± 7 bcd |
Unknown 2 | 10.2 ± 0.5 bcd | 889 ± 241 c | 3.4 ± 0.6 b | 32 ± 1 cd |
Luellia sp. | 8.0 ± 1.7 bcde | 1407 ± 540 c | 1.9 ± 0.5 b | 106 ± 12 ab |
Helotiales | 7.5 ± 2.0 cde | 5497 ± 530 a | 2.3 ± 0.2 b | 123 ± 10 ab |
Leotiomycetes | 9.0 ± 2.0 bcde | 856 ± 211 c | 1. 5 ± 0.4 b | 22 ± 4 d |
Tylospora sp. | 14.8 ± 3.8 ab | 424 ± 110 c | 2.6 ± 1.2 b | 162 ± 62 a |
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Wang, L.; Otgonsuren, B.; Duan, W.; Godbold, D. Comparison of Root Surface Enzyme Activity of Ericaceous Plants and Picea abies Growing at the Tree Line in the Austrian Alps. Forests 2018, 9, 575. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090575
Wang L, Otgonsuren B, Duan W, Godbold D. Comparison of Root Surface Enzyme Activity of Ericaceous Plants and Picea abies Growing at the Tree Line in the Austrian Alps. Forests. 2018; 9(9):575. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090575
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Lixia, Burenjargal Otgonsuren, Wenbiao Duan, and Douglas Godbold. 2018. "Comparison of Root Surface Enzyme Activity of Ericaceous Plants and Picea abies Growing at the Tree Line in the Austrian Alps" Forests 9, no. 9: 575. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090575