A Comparative Study of the Pathogenicity of Fusarium circinatum and other Fusarium Species in Polish Provenances of P. sylvestris L.
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Fungal Isolates
2.2. In Vitro Virulence Test
2.3. Greenhouse Pathogenicity Tests
2.4. DNA Extraction, Purification and PCR Amplification
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Effect of Fusarium Species on Pine Seedling
3.2. Greenhouse Pathogenicity Tests
4. Discussion
4.1. Preliminary Assessment of Pathogenicity of Fusarium Circinatum to Polish Pine Provenances
4.2. Virulence of Other Fusarium Species
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | Code | Host | Location, Country | Latitude | Longitude |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fusarium circinatum [20] | FcCa6 | Pinus radiata | Comillas, Cantabria, Spain | 43°20′16.2″ N | 4°18′17.1″ W |
Fusarium poae | A | Winter wheat ears | Bohemia NE Poland * | 54°09′45″ N | 9°00′40″ E |
Fusarium graminearum | A | Winter wheat grain | Ozon NE Poland * | 54°09′45″ N | 9°00′40″ E |
Fusarium tricinctum | A | Winter wheat grain | Julius NE Poland * | 54°09′45″ N | 9°00′40″ E |
Fusarium oxysporum | D | Winter wheat | Julius NE Poland * | 54°09′45″ N | 9°00′40″ E |
Fusarium culmorum | D | Winter wheat | Julius NE Poland * | 54°09′45″ N | 9°00′40″ E |
Fusarium graminearum | D | Winter wheat | Julius NE Poland * | 54°09′45″ N | 9°00′40″ E |
Scots Pine Provenance * | Latitude | Longitude |
---|---|---|
Tuszyma | 50°11′4.342″ N | 21°29′53.38″ E |
Wejherowo | 54°36′6.144″ N | 18°13′46.42″ E |
Kluczbork | 51°58′23.639″ N | 18°12′32.983″ E |
Dojlidy | 53°9′5″ N | 23°8′48.094″ E |
Kutno | 52°18′9.413″ N | 19°17′40.454″ E |
Kwidzyn | 53°44′12.331″ N | 18°55′45.452″ E |
Tuchola | 53°40′9.624″ N | 17°54′31.928″ E |
Oborniki Śląskie | 51°17′53.093″ N | 16°54′41.685″ E |
Lidzbark | 53°15′3.828″ N | 19°46′13.794″ E |
Karczma Borowa | 51°51′4.417″ N | 16°36′54.071″ E |
Lubsko | 51°47′22.074″ N | 14°58′30.576″ E |
Czaplinek | 53°33′44.406″ N | 16°13′37.974″ E |
Jablonna | 52°23′1.454″ N | 20°56′1.816″ E |
Klosnowo | 53°47′60″ N | 17°37′60″ E |
Lasowice | 50°54′16.443″ N | 18°15′19.283″ E |
Debno | 52°37′14.16″ N | 14°37′30.632″ E |
Isolate | Klosnowo | Lasowice | Dębno | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Root Inhibition, % | Mortality, % | Points | Virulence Score | Root Inhibition, % | Mortality, % | Points | Virulence Score | Root Inhibition, % | Mortality, % | Points | Virulence Score | |
Fusarium poae A | 14.4 ± 2.8 a | 4.2 ± 0.07 a | 22.54 ± 0.4 a | 12.5 | 16.2 ± 0.9 a | 0 d | 22.13 ± 0.2 a | 14.5 | 15.7 ± 0.2 a | 4.2 ± 0.1 a | 22.17 ± 1.7 a | 14 |
Fusarium graminearum A | 18.9 ± 1.1 b | 4.2 ± 0.03 a | 21.75 ± 2.1 a | 16 | 19.8 ± 1.1 b | 4.2 ± 0.1 a | 21.33 ± 0.9 a | 18.5 | 17.8 ± 1.8 b | 4.2 ± 0.1 a | 21.96 ± 1.6 a | 15 |
Fusarium tricinctum A | 64.5 ± 2.6 c | 16.7 ± 2.7 b | 16.87 ± 0.9 b | 40.5 | 59.8 ± 3.4 c | 12.5 ± 1 b | 16 ± 1.1 b | 44.5 | 58.2 ± 3.5 c | 20.8 ± 1.4 b | 16.79 ± 1.3 b | 41 |
Fusarium oxysporum D | 88.7 ± 6.8 d | 62.5 ± 12.1 c | 11.7 ± 0.72 c | 66.5 | 80.4 ± 7.8 d | 66.7 ± 9 c | 12.2 ± 1.1 c | 64 | 79.4 ± 6.7 d | 66.7 ± 5.1 c | 12.87 ± 0.9 c | 60.5 |
Fusarium culmorum D | 18.5 ± 1.3 b | 4.2 ± 0.04 a | 21.62 ± 2.0 a | 17 | 20.5 ± 1.91 b | 0 d | 21.8 ± 1.7 a | 16 | 20.4 ± 1.4 b | 0 d | 21.8 ± 1.4 a | 16 |
Fusarium graminearum D | 19.6 ± 2.1 b | 0 d | 22.41 ± 2.1 a | 13 | 18.5 ± 1.5 b | 0 d | 22.17 ± 1.8 a | 14 | 20.5 ± 2.3 b | 0 d | 21.79 ± 1.7 a | 16 |
Fusarium circinaum | 98.8 ± 1.1 e | 100 e | 1.62 ± 0.02 e | 99 | 96.7 ± 2.1 e | 100 e | 1.62 ± 0.02 e | 99 | 98.8 ± 1.1 e | 97.1 ± 2.1 e | 1.62 ± 0.02 e | 98 |
Control | 1.7 ± 0.1 e | 0 d | 24.8 ± 1.7 a | 1 | 1 ± 0.1 e | 0 d | 24.9 ± 1.7 a | 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.1 e | 0 d | 24.9 ± 1.7 a | 0.5 |
F. circinatum | F. poae A | F. graminearum A | F. tricinctum A | F. oxysporum D | F. culmorum D | F. graminearum D | Control | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mortality, % | 90 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Weakened plants, % | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Lesion length, mm2 | 10.4 ± 2.1 b | 2.15 ± 0.08 a | 2.27 ± 0.21 a | 2.35 ± 0.64 a | 2.45 ± 0.37 a | 1.9 ± 0.62 a | 2.36 ± 0.5 a | 1.3 ± 0.09 a |
Range, mm | 3.7–14.2 | 1–2.2 | 1.2–4.2 | 1.4–3.6 | 1.7–3.8 | 1–2.2 | 1.1–2.7 | 1–1.4 |
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Davydenko, K.; Nowakowska, J.A.; Kaluski, T.; Gawlak, M.; Sadowska, K.; García, J.M.; Diez, J.J.; Okorski, A.; Oszako, T. A Comparative Study of the Pathogenicity of Fusarium circinatum and other Fusarium Species in Polish Provenances of P. sylvestris L. Forests 2018, 9, 560. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090560
Davydenko K, Nowakowska JA, Kaluski T, Gawlak M, Sadowska K, García JM, Diez JJ, Okorski A, Oszako T. A Comparative Study of the Pathogenicity of Fusarium circinatum and other Fusarium Species in Polish Provenances of P. sylvestris L. Forests. 2018; 9(9):560. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090560
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavydenko, Kateryna, Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Tomasz Kaluski, Magdalena Gawlak, Katarzyna Sadowska, Jorge Martín García, Julio Javier Diez, Adam Okorski, and Tomasz Oszako. 2018. "A Comparative Study of the Pathogenicity of Fusarium circinatum and other Fusarium Species in Polish Provenances of P. sylvestris L." Forests 9, no. 9: 560. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090560