Graphene versus Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electrochemical Glucose Biosensing
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Development of GOx-Bound Graphene- and MWCNT-Functionalized Glassy Carbon Electrodes (GCEs)
2.2. Evaluation of Direct Electron Transfer
2.3. Evaluation of Glucose Oxidation
2.4. Amperometric Detection of Commercial and Blood Glucose
Graphene- or CNT-based Glucose Biosensor | Glucose Linear Range (mM) | Real Sample Study | Interfering Study | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nafion/graphene-GOx/GCE | 0.5–4 (dynamic range: 0.5–16) | Detect 1.4–27.9 mM blood glucose in diluted Streck samples | No interference from physiological levels of interfering substances | This work |
Graphene oxide-chitosan-GOx/GCE | 4 × 10−4–2 | Detect 5 and 10 mM glucose added into serum samples | No interference from 2 mM ascorbic acid, uric acid, citric acid and acetaminophen; not testing for other interfering substances | [54] |
Carboxyl-long-chain-graphene oxide modified with Fe3O4, polyaniline and GOx | 1–1.4 | Detect blood glucose (0.2–1.4 mM) in diluted serum samples | No interference from 0.3 mM ascorbic acid and uric acid and 0.01 mM immunoglobulin G; not testing for other interfering substances | [55] |
Palladium nanoparticle/chitosan-grafted graphene/GCE | 1 × 10−3–1 | Detect blood glucose in diluted blood samples (recovery: 92.5%–105.3%) | No interference from 0.2mM ascorbic acid and 0.5 mM uric acid; not testing for other interfering substances | [56] |
Nafion/MWCNT-GOx/GCE | 0.5–4 (dynamic range: 0.5–16) | Detect 1.4–27.9 mM blood glucose in diluted Streck samples | Negligible interference from interfering substances | This work |
A mixture of GOx and a CNT film sandwiched with 10 nm thick PPFs | 0.025–2.2 | Not testing for real samples | No interference from 0.5 mM ascorbic acid | [57] |
Incorporation of GOx into the colloidal Au-CNT composite matrix | 0.05–1 | Not testing for real samples | No interference from 1 μM cysteine and 0. 1 μM uric acid; significant interference from 1 μM ascorbic acid; not testing for other interfering substances | [58] |
GOx-platinum nanoparticle-CNT-titania nanotube array modified electrode | 6 × 10−3–1.5 | Not testing for real samples | Not testing for the effect of interfering substances | [59] |
2.5. Effect of Interfering Substances
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Chemicals
3.2. Apparatus and Measurement
3.3. Biosensor Fabrication
3.4. Amperometric Glucose Detection
3.5. Evaluating the Effect of Interferences on Glucose Detection
4. Conclusions
Supplementary material
Supplementary File 1Acknowledgments
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Zheng, D.; Vashist, S.K.; Dykas, M.M.; Saha, S.; Al-Rubeaan, K.; Lam, E.; Luong, J.H.T.; Sheu, F.-S. Graphene versus Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electrochemical Glucose Biosensing. Materials 2013, 6, 1011-1027. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma6031011
Zheng D, Vashist SK, Dykas MM, Saha S, Al-Rubeaan K, Lam E, Luong JHT, Sheu F-S. Graphene versus Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electrochemical Glucose Biosensing. Materials. 2013; 6(3):1011-1027. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma6031011
Chicago/Turabian StyleZheng, Dan, Sandeep Kumar Vashist, Michal Marcin Dykas, Surajit Saha, Khalid Al-Rubeaan, Edmond Lam, John H.T. Luong, and Fwu-Shan Sheu. 2013. "Graphene versus Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electrochemical Glucose Biosensing" Materials 6, no. 3: 1011-1027. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma6031011