Flexible Grouping for Enhanced Energy Utilization Efficiency in Battery Energy Storage Systems
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Analysis of Energy Utilization of a Battery Pack
2.1. Capacity Analysis Based on a Battery Model
2.2. Energy Utilization Analysis
3. Analysis of Converter Efficiency
3.1. Topology Illustration of Converter
3.2. Converter Efficiency Calculation
3.2.1. Loss of MOSFET
3.2.2. Loss of Diode
3.2.3. Total Loss
4. Energy Utilization Efficiency of Flexible Group Module
5. Experiments
5.1. Experiment 1
5.2. Experiment 2
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
BESS | Battery Energy Storage System |
DG | Distribution Generation |
ESS | Energy Storage System |
SOC | State of Charge |
DOD | Depth of Discharge |
BMS | Battery Management System |
SOH | State of Health |
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Cycle(Times) | 0 | 300 | 600 | 900 | 1200 | 1500 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (Ah) | 60 (100%) | 57.6 (96%) | 55.2 (92%) | 52.8 (88%) | 50.4 (84%) | 48 (80%) |
Standard deviation (Ah) | 0(0%) | 0.36 (3%) | 0.69 (6%) | 0.99 (9%) | 1.26 (12%) | 1.5 (15%) |
UH | Si1 | Si2 | Si3 | Si4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
+Vb | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Vb | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Number of Groups/n | Module Parameter | Efficiency Analysis | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of Each Pack/N/n | Module Voltage (V) | MOSFET Parameter | Ploss1 | Ploss2 | Ploss | H | |
2 | 50 | 160–210 | 500 V/497 A | 113 W | 19 W | 1056 W | 97.146% |
5 | 20 | 64–84 | 200 V/417 A | 50 W | 16 W | 1320 W | 96.432% |
10 | 10 | 32–42 | 100 V/420 A | 34 W | 17 W | 2043 W | 94.479% |
20 | 5 | 16–21 | 75 V/480 A | 23 W | 17 W | 3200 W | 91.35% |
25 | 4 | 12.8–16.8 | 75 V/480 A | 23 W | 17 W | 4000 W | 89.189% |
50 | 2 | 6.4–8.4 | 75 V/480 A | 22 W | 17 W | 7800 W | 78.919% |
Cycle(Times) | 0 | 300 | 600 | 900 | 1200 | 1500 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (Ah) | 100% (60) | 96% (57.6) | 92% (55.2) | 88% (52.8) | 84% (50.4) | 80% (48) |
Standard deviation (Ah) | 0 (0) | 3% (0.36) | 6% (0.69) | 9% (0.99) | 12% (1.26) | 15% (1.5) |
Optimal number of groups | 1 | 2 | 2–5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Items | Discharge Capacity (Ah) | Discharge Energy (Wh) | Energy Utilization Efficiency | Theoretical Value (α = 0.95) | Error | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Configuration 1 | 44.22 | 3444.084 | 89.74% | 89.39% | 0.35% | |
Configuration 2 | G1 | 43.82 | 1691.860 | 90.89% | 91.29% | −0.4% |
G2 | 46.14 | 1796.272 | ||||
Configuration 3.1 | G1 | 43.66 | 1123.480 | 92.37% | 92.38% | −0.01% |
G2 | 45.87 | 1185.187 | ||||
G3 | 47.85 | 1236.292 | ||||
Configuration 3.2 | G1 | 42.56 | 1102.626 | 93.06% | 92.38% | 0.68% |
G2 | 47.67 | 1230.209 | ||||
G3 | 47.90 | 1238.653 |
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Share and Cite
Diao, W.; Jiang, J.; Liang, H.; Zhang, C.; Jiang, Y.; Wang, L.; Mu, B. Flexible Grouping for Enhanced Energy Utilization Efficiency in Battery Energy Storage Systems. Energies 2016, 9, 498. https://doi.org/10.3390/en9070498
Diao W, Jiang J, Liang H, Zhang C, Jiang Y, Wang L, Mu B. Flexible Grouping for Enhanced Energy Utilization Efficiency in Battery Energy Storage Systems. Energies. 2016; 9(7):498. https://doi.org/10.3390/en9070498
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiao, Weiping, Jiuchun Jiang, Hui Liang, Caiping Zhang, Yan Jiang, Leyi Wang, and Biqiang Mu. 2016. "Flexible Grouping for Enhanced Energy Utilization Efficiency in Battery Energy Storage Systems" Energies 9, no. 7: 498. https://doi.org/10.3390/en9070498