A Real-Time Digital Solver for Smart Substation Based on Orders
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- (1)
- The equivalent model of the inlet-outlet line unit is established, which can reduce the scale of the substation real-time simulation and improve the simulation speed by pre-storing the equivalent conductivity and voltage coefficients.
- (2)
- The special address query circuit of the multivalued coefficients is designed, which associates the address transformation algorithm with the multivalued coefficients guide word. This addressing process is completed in the orders, which is independent of the simulation calculation, with a good scalability.
- (3)
- The formation of SV packet and the resolution of GOOSE packet are implemented in FRTDS in the form of orders. The template modification service module and the state extraction service module are designed to solve the uncertainty of SV and GOOSE packet structure.
2. FRTDS
2.1. Microprocessor Core
2.2. The Overall Structure
2.3. The Order Generator
3. The Method of Multivalued Coefficients Pre-Storage
3.1. Time-Varying Conductance
3.2. Nonlinear Inductance
3.3. The Local Equivalence of the Network
3.4. The Query of the Multivalued Coefficients
4. Network Communication of Process Layer
4.1. Communication Interface
4.2. Formation of SV Packet
4.3. Resolution of GOOSE Packet
5. Case Study
5.1. Simulation Calculating Capacity
5.2. Haredware-in-the-Loop Ability
6. Conclusions
- (1)
- The proposed inlet-outlet line unit described by the 0/108 S conductance has disconnection between nodes and network symmetry. The number of equivalent conductance and voltage coefficients is much less than that described by the 10−8/108 S conductance. This allows for FRTDS to perform electromagnetic transient simulations with the equivalent model of inlet-outlet line unit and significantly reduce the simulation calculations to expand the scale.
- (2)
- The address transformation algorithm is designed according to the characteristics of the influencing words, which is associated with the multivalued coefficients guide word, so that the multivalued coefficients address query circuit has good expansibility. At the same time, this circuit works independently of the PE, which effectively reduces the computational burden of the PE.
- (3)
- By using the field fixed location in the same APPID packet and orders design concept. The development of the template modification service module and the state extraction service module to solve the uncertainty of SV and GOOSE packet structure, which makes FRTDS easy for smart substation hardware-in-loop real-time simulation platform.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Equivalent Conductance | Quantity | Equivalent Conductance | Quantity |
---|---|---|---|
G1a,2d | 17 | G3d,6a | 13 |
G1a,3d | 9 | G4d,5a | 15 |
G2a,3d | 9 | G4d,6a | 15 |
G1a,4d | 13 | G5a,6a | 15 |
G1a,5a | 13 | G1a,1a | 19 |
G1a,6a | 13 | G2a,2d | 19 |
G2d,4d | 13 | G3d,3d | 17 |
G2d,5a | 13 | G4d,4d | 25 |
G2d,6a | 13 | G5a,5a | 25 |
G3d,4d | 13 | G6a,6a | 25 |
G2d,5a | 13 | - | - |
Voltage Coefficients | Quantity | Voltage Coefficients | Quantity |
---|---|---|---|
K2a,1a | 19 | K3a,4d | 25 |
K2a,2d | 19 | K3a,5a | 25 |
K2a,3d | 13 | K3a,6a | 25 |
K2a,4d | 19 | K4a,1a | 17 |
K2a,5a | 19 | K4a,2d | 17 |
K2a,6a | 19 | K4a,3d | 17 |
K3a,1a | 17 | K4a,4d | 25 |
K3a,2d | 17 | K4a,5a | 25 |
K3a,3d | 17 | K4a,6a | 25 |
Method | Simulation Time (μs) |
---|---|
1 | 56.145 |
2 | 53.465 |
3 | 48.115 |
Method | Simulation Node | The Storage of Multivalued Coefficients (kb) | Simulation Time (μs) |
---|---|---|---|
Before | 352 | 768 | 48.115 |
After | 226 | 975 | 37.465 |
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Zhang, B.; Wu, Y.; Jin, Z.; Wang, Y. A Real-Time Digital Solver for Smart Substation Based on Orders. Energies 2017, 10, 1795. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10111795
Zhang B, Wu Y, Jin Z, Wang Y. A Real-Time Digital Solver for Smart Substation Based on Orders. Energies. 2017; 10(11):1795. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10111795
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Bingda, Yanjie Wu, Zhao Jin, and Yang Wang. 2017. "A Real-Time Digital Solver for Smart Substation Based on Orders" Energies 10, no. 11: 1795. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10111795