Role of Nuclear Claudin-4 in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Expression of CLDN4 in Renal Cell Carcinomas
2.2. Role of EphA2 in CLDN4 Cytoplasmic Translocation
2.3. Role of PKCε in CLDN4 Nuclear Translocation and YAP Activation
2.4. YAP Activation and Induction of the EMT Phenotype
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Surgical Specimens
4.2. Cell Lines
4.3. Sphere Assay
4.4. Antibody and Reagents
4.5. Immunohistochemistry
4.6. Protein Extraction
4.7. Immunoblot Analysis
4.8. Immunoprecipitation
4.9. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Colorimetric Assay
4.10. Animals
4.11. Lung Metastasis Model
4.12. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviation
RCC | renal cell carcinoma; |
CCC | clear cell renal cell carcinoma |
HIF | hypoxia-inducible factor |
VHL | von Hippel-Lindau |
EMT | epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
CLDN | claudin |
CPE | Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin |
YAP | Yes-associated protein |
PKC | protein kinase C |
References
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Parameter 1 | n | Expression of CLDN4 2 | p3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | −60 y | 52 | 53 ± 8 | NS |
61 y - | 150 | 56 ± 6 | ||
Sex | Male | 111 | 56 ± 9 | NS |
Female | 91 | 54 ± 7 | ||
Histology | Clear cell | 200 | 55 ± 9 | NS |
Papillary | 2 | 52 ± 10 | ||
Grade | 1 | 161 | 52 ± 7 | NS |
2 | 34 | 59 ± 6 | ||
3 | 7 | 41 ± 7 | ||
pT | 1 | 145 | 50 ± 6 | NS |
2 | 46 | 64 ± 7 | ||
3 | 11 | 49 ± 7 | ||
pN | 0 | 192 | 57 ± 8 | NS |
1 | 10 | 55 ± 8 | ||
Stage | I | 146 | 49 ± 6 | NS |
II | 44 | 68 ± 8 | ||
III-IV | 12 | 54 ± 7 |
CLDN4 | n | pT3 1) | p2) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nuclear | 5 | 5 | (100%) | |
Non-nuclear | 197 | 6 | (3%) | <0.0001 |
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Owari, T.; Sasaki, T.; Fujii, K.; Fujiwara-Tani, R.; Kishi, S.; Mori, S.; Mori, T.; Goto, K.; Kawahara, I.; Nakai, Y.; et al. Role of Nuclear Claudin-4 in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 8340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218340
Owari T, Sasaki T, Fujii K, Fujiwara-Tani R, Kishi S, Mori S, Mori T, Goto K, Kawahara I, Nakai Y, et al. Role of Nuclear Claudin-4 in Renal Cell Carcinoma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(21):8340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218340
Chicago/Turabian StyleOwari, Takuya, Takamitsu Sasaki, Kiyomu Fujii, Rina Fujiwara-Tani, Shingo Kishi, Shiori Mori, Takuya Mori, Kei Goto, Isao Kawahara, Yasushi Nakai, and et al. 2020. "Role of Nuclear Claudin-4 in Renal Cell Carcinoma" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21: 8340. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218340