Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17(10), 1740; doi:10.3390/ijms17101740
Brachycorynella asparagi (Mordv.) Induced—Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Defenses of Asparagus officinalis L.
1
Department of Entomology and Environmental Protection, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159, Poznań 60-594, Poland
2
Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, Poznań 60-637, Poland
3
Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smoluchowskiego 17, Poznań 60-179, Poland
4
Laboratory of Electron and Confocal Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, Poznań 61-614, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Massimo Maffei and Francesca Barbero
Received: 11 August 2016 / Revised: 9 October 2016 / Accepted: 11 October 2016 / Published: 20 October 2016
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant-Insect Interactions)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether and to what extent oxidative stress is induced in leaves of one- and two-month-old plants of Asparagus officinalis L. cv. Argenteuil infested by Brachycorynella asparagi (Mordvilko) at a varied population size. The pest B. asparagi has been described as the most damaging species feeding on asparagus. Analyses using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) demonstrated generally higher concentrations of semiquinone radicals with g-values of 2.0045 ± 0.0005 and 2.0026 ± 0.0005 in Asparagus officinalis (A. officinalis) leaves after Brachycorynella asparagi (B. asparagi) infestation than in the control. Observations of leaves under a confocal microscope showed a post-infestation enhanced generation of the superoxide anion radical (O2•−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in comparison to the control. Strong fluctuations in Mn2+ ion levels detected by EPR spectroscopy versus time were detected in leaves infested by aphids, which may indicate the involvement of these ions in the control of O2•− production. An enhanced superoxide dismutase activity is an important element in leaf defense against oxidative stress. Visible symptoms were found in aphid-infested A. officinalis. Damage to leaves of one- and two-month-old A. officinalis plants by the aphid B. asparagi was dependent on the intensity, duration of infestation and plant age. View Full-TextKeywords:
Brachycorynella asparagi; Asparagus officinalis; semiquinone radicals; manganese ions; reactive oxygen species; oxidative stress; antioxidant enzymes
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Borowiak-Sobkowiak, B.; Woźniak, A.; Bednarski, W.; Formela, M.; Samardakiewicz, S.; Morkunas, I. Brachycorynella asparagi (Mordv.) Induced—Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Defenses of Asparagus officinalis L.. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17, 1740.
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