Exogenous Spermidine Alleviates Low Temperature Injury in Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) Seedlings by Modulating Ascorbate-Glutathione and Glyoxalase Pathway
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Dry Weight of Seedlings
2.2. Leaf Relative Water Content (RWC) and Proline (Pro) Content
2.3. Leaf Chlorophyll Contents
2.4. Histochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide and Superoxide
2.5. Oxidative Stress Reduction by Spd
2.6. Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle Components
2.6.1. Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants
2.6.2. Ascorbate-Glutathione (AsA-GSH) Cycle Enzymes
2.7. Activities of Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX)
2.8. Glyoxalase System and Methylglyoxal (MG) Detoxification
2.9. Endogenous Polyamines (PAs) Pool
3. Discussion
4. Experimental Section
4.1. Plant Materials and Growth Condition
4.2. Measurement of Growth Parameter
4.3. Measurement of Relative Water Content
4.4. Measurement of Chlorophyll Content
4.5. Measurement of Proline Content
4.6. Histochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide and Superoxide
4.7. Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation
4.8. Measurement of Hydrogen Peroxide Content
4.9. Measurement of Methylglyoxal Level
4.10. Extraction and Measurement of Ascorbate and Glutathione
4.11. Protein Determination
4.12. Enzyme Extraction and Assays
4.13. Measurement of Free Polyamine Content
4.14. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nahar, K.; Hasanuzzaman, M.; Alam, M.M.; Fujita, M. Exogenous Spermidine Alleviates Low Temperature Injury in Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) Seedlings by Modulating Ascorbate-Glutathione and Glyoxalase Pathway. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 30117-30132. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161226220
Nahar K, Hasanuzzaman M, Alam MM, Fujita M. Exogenous Spermidine Alleviates Low Temperature Injury in Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) Seedlings by Modulating Ascorbate-Glutathione and Glyoxalase Pathway. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015; 16(12):30117-30132. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161226220
Chicago/Turabian StyleNahar, Kamrun, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Md. Mahabub Alam, and Masayuki Fujita. 2015. "Exogenous Spermidine Alleviates Low Temperature Injury in Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) Seedlings by Modulating Ascorbate-Glutathione and Glyoxalase Pathway" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16, no. 12: 30117-30132. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161226220