Journal Description
Biosensors
Biosensors
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal on the technology and science of biosensors published monthly online by MDPI.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), PubMed, MEDLINE, PMC, Embase, CAPlus / SciFinder, Inspec, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q1 (Chemistry, Analytical) / CiteScore - Q1 (Engineering (miscellaneous))
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 17.4 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.8 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
Impact Factor:
5.4 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
5.7 (2022)
Latest Articles
Comparing the Mechanical Properties of Rice Cells and Protoplasts under PEG6000 Drought Stress Using Double Resonator Piezoelectric Cytometry
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 303; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060303 (registering DOI) - 9 Jun 2024
Abstract
Plant cells’ ability to withstand abiotic stress is strongly linked to modifications in their mechanical characteristics. Nevertheless, the lack of a workable method for consistently tracking plant cells’ mechanical properties severely restricts our comprehension of the mechanical alterations in plant cells under stress.
[...] Read more.
Plant cells’ ability to withstand abiotic stress is strongly linked to modifications in their mechanical characteristics. Nevertheless, the lack of a workable method for consistently tracking plant cells’ mechanical properties severely restricts our comprehension of the mechanical alterations in plant cells under stress. In this study, we used the Double Resonator Piezoelectric Cytometry (DRPC) method to dynamically and non-invasively track changes in the surface stress (ΔS) generated and viscoelasticity (storage modulus G′ and loss modulus G″) of protoplasts and suspension cells of rice under a drought stress of 5–25% PEG6000. The findings demonstrate that rice suspension cells and protoplasts react mechanically differently to 5–15% PEG6000 stress, implying distinct resistance mechanisms. However, neither of them can withstand 25% PEG6000 stress; they respond mechanically similarly to 25% PEG6000 stress. The results of DRPC are further corroborated by the morphological alterations of rice cells and protoplasts observed under an optical microscope. To sum up, the DRPC technique functions as a precise cellular mechanical sensor and offers novel research tools for the evaluation of plant cell adversity and differentiating between the mechanical reactions of cells and protoplasts under abiotic stress.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Biosensors and Biosensing)
►
Show Figures
Open AccessReview
Microbial Biofilms: Features of Formation and Potential for Use in Bioelectrochemical Devices
by
Roman Perchikov, Maxim Cheliukanov, Yulia Plekhanova, Sergei Tarasov, Anna Kharkova, Denis Butusov, Vyacheslav Arlyapov, Hideaki Nakamura and Anatoly Reshetilov
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 302; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060302 (registering DOI) - 8 Jun 2024
Abstract
Microbial biofilms present one of the most widespread forms of life on Earth. The formation of microbial communities on various surfaces presents a major challenge in a variety of fields, including medicine, the food industry, shipping, etc. At the same time, this process
[...] Read more.
Microbial biofilms present one of the most widespread forms of life on Earth. The formation of microbial communities on various surfaces presents a major challenge in a variety of fields, including medicine, the food industry, shipping, etc. At the same time, this process can also be used for the benefit of humans—in bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and various biotechnological processes. The main direction of using electroactive microbial biofilms is their incorporation into the composition of biosensor and biofuel cells This review examines the fundamental knowledge acquired about the structure and formation of biofilms, the properties they have when used in bioelectrochemical devices, and the characteristics of the formation of these structures on different surfaces. Special attention is given to the potential of applying the latest advances in genetic engineering in order to improve the performance of microbial biofilm-based devices and to regulate the processes that take place within them. Finally, we highlight possible ways of dealing with the drawbacks of using biofilms in the creation of highly efficient biosensors and biofuel cells.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Biosensor: From Design to Applications)
Open AccessReview
Advancing Tissue Culture with Light-Driven 3D-Printed Microfluidic Devices
by
Xiangke Li, Meng Wang, Thomas P. Davis, Liwen Zhang and Ruirui Qiao
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 301; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060301 (registering DOI) - 8 Jun 2024
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing presents a compelling alternative for fabricating microfluidic devices, circumventing certain limitations associated with traditional soft lithography methods. Microfluidics play a crucial role in the biomedical sciences, particularly in the creation of tissue spheroids and pharmaceutical research. Among the various 3D
[...] Read more.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing presents a compelling alternative for fabricating microfluidic devices, circumventing certain limitations associated with traditional soft lithography methods. Microfluidics play a crucial role in the biomedical sciences, particularly in the creation of tissue spheroids and pharmaceutical research. Among the various 3D printing techniques, light-driven methods such as stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), and photopolymer inkjet printing have gained prominence in microfluidics due to their rapid prototyping capabilities, high-resolution printing, and low processing temperatures. This review offers a comprehensive overview of light-driven 3D printing techniques used in the fabrication of advanced microfluidic devices. It explores biomedical applications for 3D-printed microfluidics and provides insights into their potential impact and functionality within the biomedical field. We further summarize three light-driven 3D printing strategies for producing biomedical microfluidic systems: direct construction of microfluidic devices for cell culture, PDMS-based microfluidic devices for tissue engineering, and a modular SLA-printed microfluidic chip to co-culture and monitor cells.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidics for Biomedical Applications (Volume II))
Open AccessReview
Sustainable Sensing with Paper Microfluidics: Applications in Health, Environment, and Food Safety
by
Sanjay Kumar, Jyoti Bala Kaushal and Heow Pueh Lee
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 300; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060300 - 7 Jun 2024
Abstract
This manuscript offers a concise overview of paper microfluidics, emphasizing its sustainable sensing applications in healthcare, environmental monitoring, and food safety. Researchers have developed innovative sensing platforms for detecting pathogens, pollutants, and contaminants by leveraging the paper’s unique properties, such as biodegradability and
[...] Read more.
This manuscript offers a concise overview of paper microfluidics, emphasizing its sustainable sensing applications in healthcare, environmental monitoring, and food safety. Researchers have developed innovative sensing platforms for detecting pathogens, pollutants, and contaminants by leveraging the paper’s unique properties, such as biodegradability and affordability. These portable, low-cost sensors facilitate rapid diagnostics and on-site analysis, making them invaluable tools for resource-limited settings. This review discusses the fabrication techniques, principles, and applications of paper microfluidics, showcasing its potential to address pressing challenges and enhance human health and environmental sustainability.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidics for Biomedical Applications (Volume II))
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Colorimetric Glucose Biosensor Based on Chitosan Films and Its Application for Glucose Detection in Beverages Using a Smartphone Application
by
Anastasia Skonta, Myrto G. Bellou, Theodore E. Matikas and Haralambos Stamatis
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 299; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060299 - 7 Jun 2024
Abstract
Nowadays, biosensors are gaining increasing interest in foods’ and beverages’ quality control, owing to their economic production, enhanced sensitivity, specificity, and faster analysis. In particular, colorimetric biosensors can be combined with color recognition applications on smartphones for the detection of analytes, rendering the
[...] Read more.
Nowadays, biosensors are gaining increasing interest in foods’ and beverages’ quality control, owing to their economic production, enhanced sensitivity, specificity, and faster analysis. In particular, colorimetric biosensors can be combined with color recognition applications on smartphones for the detection of analytes, rendering the whole procedure more applicable in everyday life. Herein, chitosan (CS) films were prepared with the deep eutectic solvent (DES) choline chloride/urea/glycerol (ChCl:U:Gly). Glucose oxidase (GOx), a widely utilized enzyme in quality control, was immobilized within CS films through glutaraldehyde (GA), leading to the formation of CS/GOx films. The optimized GOx concentration and DES content were determined for the films. Moreover, the effect of the pH and temperature of the glucose oxidation reaction on the enzymatic activity of GOx was studied. The structure, stability, and specificity of the CS/GOx films as well as the Km values of free and immobilized GOx were also determined. Finally, the analytical performance of the films was studied by using both a spectrophotometer and a color recognition application on a smartphone. The results demonstrated that the films were highly accurate, specific to glucose, and stable when stored at 4 °C for 4 weeks and when reused 10 times, without evident activity loss. Furthermore, the films displayed a good linear response range (0.1–0.8 mM) and a good limit of detection (LOD, 33 μM), thus being appropriate for the estimation of glucose concentration in real samples through a smartphone application.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensing, Biosafety and Diagnosis)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Electroanalytical Platform for Rapid E. coli O157:H7 Detection in Water Samples
by
Kundan Kumar Mishra, Vikram Narayanan Dhamu, Chesna Jophy, Sriram Muthukumar and Shalini Prasad
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 298; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060298 - 7 Jun 2024
Abstract
There is a pressing need to enhance early detection methods of E. coli O157:H7 to mitigate the occurrence and consequences of pathogenic contamination and associated outbreaks. This study highlights the efficacy of a portable electrochemical sensing platform that operates without faradaic processes towards
[...] Read more.
There is a pressing need to enhance early detection methods of E. coli O157:H7 to mitigate the occurrence and consequences of pathogenic contamination and associated outbreaks. This study highlights the efficacy of a portable electrochemical sensing platform that operates without faradaic processes towards detecting and quantifying E. coli O157:H7. It is specifically tailored for quick identification in potable water. The assay processing time is approximately 5 min, addressing the need for swift and efficient pathogen detection. The sensing platform was constructed utilizing specific, monoclonal E. coli antibodies, based on single-capture, non-faradaic, electrochemical immunoassay principles. The E. coli sensor assay underwent testing over a wide concentration range, spanning from 10 to 105 CFU/mL, and a limit of detection (LoD) of 1 CFU/mL was demonstrated. Significantly, the sensor’s performance remained consistent across studies, with both inter- and intra-study coefficients of variation consistently below 20%. To evaluate real-world feasibility, a comparative examination was performed between laboratory-based benchtop data and data obtained from the portable device. The proposed sensing platform exhibited remarkable sensitivity and selectivity, enabling the detection of minimal E. coli concentrations in potable water. This successful advancement positions it as a promising solution for prompt on-site detection, characterized by its portability and user-friendly operation. This study presents electrochemical-based sensors as significant contributors to ensuring food safety and public health. They play a crucial role in preventing the occurrence of epidemics and enhancing the supervision of water quality.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical and Electrochemical Biosensors for Biological, Environmental, and Food Analysis)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Combination of an Optically Induced Dielectrophoresis (ODEP) Mechanism and a Laminar Flow Pattern in a Microfluidic System for the Continuous Size-Based Sorting and Separation of Microparticles
by
Po-Yu Chu, Ai-Yun Wu, Kun-Yu Tsai, Chia-Hsun Hsieh and Min-Hsien Wu
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 297; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060297 - 6 Jun 2024
Abstract
Optically induced dielectrophoresis (ODEP)-based microparticle sorting and separation is regarded as promising. However, current methods normally lack the downstream process for the transportation and collection of separated microparticles, which could limit its applications. To address this issue, an ODEP microfluidic chip encompassing three
[...] Read more.
Optically induced dielectrophoresis (ODEP)-based microparticle sorting and separation is regarded as promising. However, current methods normally lack the downstream process for the transportation and collection of separated microparticles, which could limit its applications. To address this issue, an ODEP microfluidic chip encompassing three microchannels that join only at the central part of the microchannels (i.e., the working zone) was designed. During operation, three laminar flows were generated in the zone, where two dynamic light bar arrays were designed to sort and separate PS (polystyrene) microbeads of different sizes in a continuous manner. The separated PS microbeads were then continuously transported in laminar flows in a partition manner for the final collection. The results revealed that the method was capable of sorting and separating PS microbeads in a high-purity manner (e.g., the microbead purity values were 89.9 ± 3.7, 88.0 ± 2.5, and 92.8 ± 6.5% for the 5.8, 10.8, and 15.8 μm microbeads harvested, respectively). Overall, this study demonstrated the use of laminar flow and ODEP to achieve size-based sorting, separation, and collection of microparticles in a continuous and high-performance manner. Apart from the demonstration, this method can also be utilized for size-based sorting and the separation of other biological or nonbiological microparticles.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Optical and Photonic Biosensors)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessReview
Optical Devices for the Diagnosis and Management of Spinal Cord Injuries: A Review
by
Sonika Sharma, Neeti Kalyani, Taposhree Dutta, Jesús Salvador Velázquez-González, Ignacio Llamas-Garro, Bora Ung, Joan Bas, Rakesh Dubey and Satyendra K. Mishra
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 296; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060296 - 5 Jun 2024
Abstract
Throughout the central nervous system, the spinal cord plays a very important role, namely, transmitting sensory and motor information inwardly so that it can be processed by the brain. There are many different ways this structure can be damaged, such as through traumatic
[...] Read more.
Throughout the central nervous system, the spinal cord plays a very important role, namely, transmitting sensory and motor information inwardly so that it can be processed by the brain. There are many different ways this structure can be damaged, such as through traumatic injury or surgery, such as scoliosis correction, for instance. Consequently, damage may be caused to the nervous system as a result of this. There is no doubt that optical devices such as microscopes and cameras can have a significant impact on research, diagnosis, and treatment planning for patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs). Additionally, these technologies contribute a great deal to our understanding of these injuries, and they are also essential in enhancing the quality of life of individuals with spinal cord injuries. Through increasingly powerful, accurate, and minimally invasive technologies that have been developed over the last decade or so, several new optical devices have been introduced that are capable of improving the accuracy of SCI diagnosis and treatment and promoting a better quality of life after surgery. We aim in this paper to present a timely overview of the various research fields that have been conducted on optical devices that can be used to diagnose spinal cord injuries as well as to manage the associated health complications that affected individuals may experience.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Optical and Photonic Biosensors)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Novel Multiparametric Bioelectronic Measurement System for Monitoring Virus-Induced Alterations in Functional Neuronal Networks
by
Heinz-Georg Jahnke, Verena te Kamp, Christoph Prönnecke, Sabine Schmidt, Ronny Azendorf, Barbara Klupp, Andrea A. Robitzki and Stefan Finke
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 295; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060295 - 5 Jun 2024
Abstract
Development and optimisation of bioelectronic monitoring techniques like microelectrode array-based field potential measurement and impedance spectroscopy for the functional, label-free and non-invasive monitoring of in vitro neuronal networks is widely investigated in the field of biosensors. Thus, these techniques were individually used to
[...] Read more.
Development and optimisation of bioelectronic monitoring techniques like microelectrode array-based field potential measurement and impedance spectroscopy for the functional, label-free and non-invasive monitoring of in vitro neuronal networks is widely investigated in the field of biosensors. Thus, these techniques were individually used to demonstrate the capabilities of, e.g., detecting compound-induced toxicity in neuronal culture models. In contrast, extended application for investigating the effects of central nervous system infecting viruses are rarely described. In this context, we wanted to analyse the effect of herpesviruses on functional neuronal networks. Therefore, we developed a unique hybrid bioelectronic monitoring platform that allows for performing field potential monitoring and impedance spectroscopy on the same microelectrode. In the first step, a neuronal culture model based on primary hippocampal cells from neonatal rats was established with reproducible and stable synchronised electrophysiological network activity after 21 days of cultivation on microelectrode arrays. For a proof of concept, the pseudorabies model virus PrV Kaplan-ΔgG-GFP was applied and the effect on the neuronal networks was monitored by impedance spectroscopy and field potential measurement for 72 h in a multiparametric mode. Analysis of several bioelectronic parameters revealed a virus concentration-dependent degeneration of the neuronal network within 24–48 h, with a significant early change in electrophysiological activity, subsequently leading to a loss of activity and network synchronicity. In conclusion, we successfully developed a microelectrode array-based hybrid bioelectronic measurement platform for quantitative monitoring of pathologic effects of a herpesvirus on electrophysiological active neuronal networks.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Monitoring and Diagnostics)
Open AccessArticle
Long-Term Detection of Glycemic Glucose/Hypoglycemia by Microfluidic Sweat Monitoring Patch
by
Wenjie Xu, Lei Lu, Yuxin He, Lin Cheng and Aiping Liu
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 294; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060294 - 5 Jun 2024
Abstract
A microfluidic sweat monitoring patch that collects human sweat for a long time is designed to achieve the effect of detecting the rise and fall of human sweat glucose over a long period of time by increasing the use time of a single
[...] Read more.
A microfluidic sweat monitoring patch that collects human sweat for a long time is designed to achieve the effect of detecting the rise and fall of human sweat glucose over a long period of time by increasing the use time of a single patch. Five collection pools, four serpentine channels, and two different valves are provided. Among them, the three-dimensional valve has a large burst pressure as a balance between the internal and external air pressures of the patch. The bursting pressure of the two-dimensional diverter valve is smaller than that of the three-dimensional gas valve, and its role is to control the flow direction of the liquid. Through plasma hydrophilic treatment of different durations, the optimal hydrophilic duration is obtained. The embedded chromogenic disc detects the sweat glucose value at two adjacent time intervals and compares the information of the human body to increase or reduce glucose. The patch has good flexibility and can fit well with human skin, and because polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has good light transmission, it reduces the measurement error caused by the color-taking process and makes the detection results more accurate.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Microfluidics: Transforming Detection and Quantification of Disease Biomarkers and Target Organisms)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Multifunctional Three-in-One Sensor on t-ZnO for Ultraviolet and VOC Sensing for Bioengineering Applications
by
Rajat Nagpal, Cristian Lupan, Adrian Bîrnaz, Alexandr Sereacov, Erik Greve, Monja Gronenberg, Leonard Siebert, Rainer Adelung and Oleg Lupan
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 293; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060293 - 5 Jun 2024
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is considered to be one of the most explored and reliable sensing materials for UV detection due to its excellent properties, like a wide band gap and high exciton energy. Our current study on a photodetector based on tetrapodal ZnO
[...] Read more.
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is considered to be one of the most explored and reliable sensing materials for UV detection due to its excellent properties, like a wide band gap and high exciton energy. Our current study on a photodetector based on tetrapodal ZnO (t-ZnO) reported an extremely high UV response of ~9200 for 394 nm UV illumination at 25 °C. The t-ZnO network structure and morphology were investigated using XRD and SEM. The sensor showed a UV/visible ratio of ~12 at 25 °C for 394 nm UV illumination and 443 nm visible illumination. By increasing the temperature, monotonic decreases in response and recovery time were observed. By increasing the bias voltage, the response time was found to decrease while the recovery time was increased. The maximum responsivity shifted to higher wavelengths from 394 nm to 400 nm by increasing the operating temperature from 25 °C to 100 °C. The t-ZnO networks exhibited gas-sensing performances at temperatures above 250 °C, and a maximum response of ~1.35 was recorded at 350 °C with a good repeatability and fast recovery in 16 s for 100 ppm of n-butanol vapor. This study demonstrated that t-ZnO networks are good biosensors that can be used for diverse biomedical applications like the sensing of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) and ultraviolet detection under a wide range of temperatures, and may find new possibilities in biosensing applications.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical (Bio-) Sensors in Biological Applications—2nd Edition)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Europium Nanoparticle−Based Lateral Flow Strip Biosensors for the Detection of Quinoxaline Antibiotics and Their Main Metabolites in Fish Feeds and Tissues
by
Qing Mei, Biao Ma, Yun Fang, Yunfei Gong, Jiali Li and Mingzhou Zhang
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 292; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060292 - 4 Jun 2024
Abstract
Olaquindox (OLA) and quinocetone (QCT) have been prohibited in aquatic products due to their significant toxicity and side effects. In this study, rapid and visual europium nanoparticle (EuNP)−based lateral flow strip biosensors (LFSBs) were developed for the simultaneous quantitative detection of OLA, QCT,
[...] Read more.
Olaquindox (OLA) and quinocetone (QCT) have been prohibited in aquatic products due to their significant toxicity and side effects. In this study, rapid and visual europium nanoparticle (EuNP)−based lateral flow strip biosensors (LFSBs) were developed for the simultaneous quantitative detection of OLA, QCT, and 3−methyl−quinoxaline−2−carboxylic acid (MQCA) in fish feed and tissue. The EuNP−LFSBs enabled sensitive detection for OLA, QCT, and MQCA with a limit of detection of 0.067, 0.017, and 0.099 ng/mL (R2 ≥ 0.9776) within 10 min. The average recovery of the EuNP−LFSBs was 95.13%, and relative standard deviations were below 9.38%. The method was verified by high−performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the test results were consistent. Therefore, the proposed LFSBs serve as a powerful tool to monitor quinoxalines in fish feeds and their residues in fish tissues.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunoassays and Biosensing)
Open AccessArticle
Fabrication of Curcumin-Based Electrochemical Nanosensors for the Detection of Environmental Pollutants: 1,4-Dioxane and Hydrazine
by
Renjith Kumar Rasal, Iffath Badsha, Muthaiah Shellaiah, Kumaran Subramanian, Abinaya Gayathri, Abdurahman Hajinur Hirad, Kumaravel Kaliaperumal and Thiyagarajan Devasena
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 291; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060291 - 4 Jun 2024
Abstract
This work reports the development of novel curcuminoid-based electrochemical sensors for the detection of environmental pollutants from water. In this study, the first set of electrochemical experiments was carried out using curcumin-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT–CM) for 1,4-dioxane detection. The MWCNT–CM/GCE showed good
[...] Read more.
This work reports the development of novel curcuminoid-based electrochemical sensors for the detection of environmental pollutants from water. In this study, the first set of electrochemical experiments was carried out using curcumin-conjugated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT–CM) for 1,4-dioxane detection. The MWCNT–CM/GCE showed good sensitivity (103.25 nA nM−1 cm−2 in the linear range 1 nM to 1 µM), with LOD of 35.71 pM and LOQ of 108.21 pM. The second set of electrochemical experiments was carried out with bisdemethoxy curcumin analog quantum dots (BDMCAQD) for hydrazine detection. The BDMCAQD/GCE exhibited good sensitivity (74.96 nA nM−1 cm−2 in the linear range 100 nM to 1 µM), with LOD of 10 nM and LOQ of 44.93 nM. Thus, this work will serve as a reference for the fabrication of metal-free electrochemical sensors using curcuminoids as the redox mediator for the enhanced detection of environmental pollutants.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors for Environmental, Health, and Food Safety Applications (Volume II))
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
A Study on the Mechanism and Properties of a Self-Powered H2O2 Electrochemical Sensor Based on a Fuel Cell Configuration with FePc and Graphene Cathode Catalyst Materials
by
Yunong Zhang, Andreas Offenhäusser and Yulia Mourzina
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 290; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060290 - 4 Jun 2024
Abstract
Conventional electrochemical sensors use voltammetric and amperometric methods with external power supply and modulation systems, which hinder the flexibility and application of the sensors. To avoid the use of an external power system and to minimize the number of electrochemical cell components, a
[...] Read more.
Conventional electrochemical sensors use voltammetric and amperometric methods with external power supply and modulation systems, which hinder the flexibility and application of the sensors. To avoid the use of an external power system and to minimize the number of electrochemical cell components, a self-powered electrochemical sensor (SPES) for hydrogen peroxide was investigated here. Iron phthalocyanine, an enzyme mimetic material, and Ni were used as a cathode catalyst and an anode material, respectively. The properties of the iron phthalocyanine catalyst modified by graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were investigated. Open circuit potential tests demonstrated the feasibility of this system. The GNP-modulated interface helped to solve the problems of aggregation and poor conductivity of iron phthalocyanine and allowed for the achievement of the best analytical characteristics of the self-powered H2O2 sensor with a low detection limit of 0.6 µM and significantly higher sensitivity of 0.198 A/(M·cm2) due to the enhanced electrochemical properties. The SPES demonstrated the best performance at pH 3.0 compared to pH 7.4 and 12.0. The sensor characteristics under the control of external variable load resistances are discussed and the cell showed the highest power density of 65.9 μW/cm2 with a 20 kOhm resistor. The practical applicability of this method was verified by the determination of H2O2 in blood serum.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Materials (Graphene, Carbon Nitride and MXenes, etc.) Based Advanced Functional Catalysts for Biosensor and Biofuel Cell Applications)
►▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Soft-Template-Based Manufacturing of Gold Nanostructures for Energy and Sensing Applications
by
Tushar Kanti Maiti, Wanli Liu, Asghar Niyazi, Adam M. Squires, Sujay Chattpoadhyay and Mirella Di Lorenzo
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 289; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060289 - 3 Jun 2024
Abstract
Implantable and wearable bioelectronic systems can enable tailored therapies for the effective management of long-term diseases, thus minimising the risk of associated complications. In this context, glucose fuel cells hold great promise as in- or on-body energy harvesters for ultra-low-power bioelectronics and as
[...] Read more.
Implantable and wearable bioelectronic systems can enable tailored therapies for the effective management of long-term diseases, thus minimising the risk of associated complications. In this context, glucose fuel cells hold great promise as in- or on-body energy harvesters for ultra-low-power bioelectronics and as self-powered glucose sensors. We report here the generation of gold nanostructures through a gold electrodeposition method in a soft template for the abiotic electrocatalysis of glucose in glucose fuel cells. Two different types of soft template were used: a lipid cubic phase-based soft template composed of Phytantriol and Brij®-56, and an emulsion-based soft template composed of hexane and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). The resulting gold structures were first characterised by SAXS, SEM and TEM to elucidate their structure, and then their electrocatalytic activity towards glucose was compared in both a three-electrode set-up and in a fuel cell set-up. The Phytantriol/Brij®-56 template led to a nanofeather-like Au structure, while the hexane/SDS template led to a nanocoral-like Au structure. These templated electrodes exhibited similar electrochemical active surface areas (0.446 cm2 with a roughness factor (RF) of 14.2 for Phytantriol/Brij®-56 templated nanostructures and 0.421 cm2 with an RF of 13.4 for hexane/SDS templated nanostructures), and a sensitivity towards glucose of over 7 μA mM−1 cm−2. When tested as the anode of an abiotic glucose fuel cell (in a phosphate-buffered solution with a glucose concentration of 6 mM), a maximum power density of 7 μW cm−2 was reached; however the current density in the case of the fuel cell with the Phytantriol/Brij®-56 templated anode was approximately two times higher, reaching the value of 70 μA cm−2. Overall, this study demonstrates two simple, cost-effective and efficient strategies to manipulate the morphology of gold nanostructures, and thus their catalytic property, paving the way for the successful manufacturing of functional abiotic glucose fuel cells.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Paper in Biosensor and Bioelectronic Devices 2024)
Open AccessArticle
Development of High Surface Area Organosilicate Nanoparticulate Thin Films for Use in Sensing Hydrophobic Compounds in Sediment and Water
by
Sangho Bok, Venumadhav R. Korampally, Jacob K. Stanley, Keshab Gangopadhyay, Shubhra Gangopadhyay and Jeffery A. Steevens
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 288; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060288 - 3 Jun 2024
Abstract
The scope of this study was to apply advances in materials science, specifically the use of organosilicate nanoparticles as a high surface area platform for passive sampling of chemicals or pre-concentration for active sensing in multiple-phase complex environmental media. We have developed a
[...] Read more.
The scope of this study was to apply advances in materials science, specifically the use of organosilicate nanoparticles as a high surface area platform for passive sampling of chemicals or pre-concentration for active sensing in multiple-phase complex environmental media. We have developed a novel nanoporous organosilicate (NPO) film as an extraction phase and proof of concept for application in adsorbing hydrophobic compounds in water and sediment. We characterized the NPO film properties and provided optimization for synthesis and coatings in order to apply the technology in environmental media. NPO films in this study had a very high surface area, up to 1325 m2/g due to the high level of mesoporosity in the film. The potential application of the NPO film as a sorbent phase for sensors or passive samplers was evaluated using a model hydrophobic chemical, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), in water and sediment. Sorption of PCB to this porous high surface area nanoparticle platform was highly correlated with the bioavailable fraction of PCB measured using whole sediment chemistry, porewater chemistry determined by solid-phase microextraction fiber methods, and the Lumbriculus variegatus bioaccumulation bioassay. The surface-modified NPO films in this study were found to highly sorb chemicals with a log octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) greater than four; however, surface modification of these particles would be required for application to other chemicals.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Biosensors and Biosensing)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Design and Characterization of a Dual-Protein Strategy for an Early-Stage Assay of Ovarian Cancer Biomarker Lysophosphatidic Acid
by
Katharina Davoudian, Sandro Spagnolo, Navina Lotay, Monika Satkauskas, Gábor Mészáros, Tibor Hianik, Zsófia Keresztes, Gilbert Walker and Michael Thompson
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 287; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060287 - 2 Jun 2024
Abstract
The overall 5-year survival rate of ovarian cancer (OC) is generally low as the disease is often diagnosed at an advanced stage of progression. To save lives, OC must be identified in its early stages when treatment is most effective. Early-stage OC causes
[...] Read more.
The overall 5-year survival rate of ovarian cancer (OC) is generally low as the disease is often diagnosed at an advanced stage of progression. To save lives, OC must be identified in its early stages when treatment is most effective. Early-stage OC causes the upregulation of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), making the molecule a promising biomarker for early-stage detection. An LPA assay can additionally stage the disease since LPA levels increase with OC progression. This work presents two methods that demonstrate the prospective application for detecting LPA: the electromagnetic piezoelectric acoustic sensor (EMPAS) and a chemiluminescence-based iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP) approach. Both methods incorporate the protein complex gelsolin–actin, which enables testing for detection of the biomarker as the binding of LPA to the complex results in the separation of gelsolin from actin. The EMPAS was characterized with contact angle goniometry and atomic force microscopy, while gelsolin–actin-functionalized IONPs were characterized with transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition to characterization, LPA detection was demonstrated as a proof-of-concept in Milli-Q water, buffer, or human serum, highlighting various LPA assays that can be developed for the early-stage detection of OC.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of Biosensors for Detection/ Diagnostic Purposes)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Development of a Tetherless Bioimpedance Device That Uses Morphologic Changes to Predict Blood Flow Restrictions Mimicking Peripheral Artery Disease Progression
by
Sungcheol Hong and Gerard Coté
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 286; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060286 - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
A tetherless multi-targeted bioimpedance device was designed, modeled, built, and tested for measuring arterial pulse and, using morphological analysis, its potential for monitoring blood flow restrictions that mimic Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) was assessed across multiple peripheral arteries. Specifically, we first developed a
[...] Read more.
A tetherless multi-targeted bioimpedance device was designed, modeled, built, and tested for measuring arterial pulse and, using morphological analysis, its potential for monitoring blood flow restrictions that mimic Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) was assessed across multiple peripheral arteries. Specifically, we first developed a small form factor, tetherless, bioimpedance device, based on high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) simulations. After designing and building the device we then tested it in vivo on human subjects on multiple arteries and found that we did not need to modify the gain on the device compared to the bench top system. Further, it was found that changes in the morphology of the bioimpedance signal over time, depicted through the ratio of the first and second harmonic in the signal frequency, could be used to predict blood flow restrictions that mimic peripheral artery disease (PAD). The HFSS simulations helped guide the modulation frequency selection and the placement of the bioimpedance electrodes. We built the device and compared it to two commercially available bioimpedance devices and it was shown to demonstrate a distinct advantage in its multi-target capability, enabling more accurate pulse measurements from different arteries without the need for tuning the circuit for each artery. Comparing the ratio of the 1st and 2nd harmonics as a function of the blood flow restriction, the two commercial devices showed a maximum error across arteries of between 22% and 27% depending on the measurement location, whereas our system consistently displayed a stable value of just below 4%. With this system, there is the potential for comprehensive and personalized medical examinations for PAD at the point of care (POC).
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Biosensors and Healthcare)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
A Novel Ratiometric Photoelectrochemical Biosensor Based on Front and Back Illumination for Sensitive and Accurate Glutathione Sensing
by
Jie Huang, Florian Ion Tiberiu Petrescu, Bing Li, Likui Wang, Haiyan Zhu and Ying Li
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 285; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060285 - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
The ratiometric detection method has a strong attraction for photoelectrochemical bioanalysis due to its high reliability and real-time calibration. However, its implementation typically depends on the spatial resolution of equipment and the pairing of wavelength/potential with photoactive materials. In this paper, a novel
[...] Read more.
The ratiometric detection method has a strong attraction for photoelectrochemical bioanalysis due to its high reliability and real-time calibration. However, its implementation typically depends on the spatial resolution of equipment and the pairing of wavelength/potential with photoactive materials. In this paper, a novel ratiometric photoelectrochemical biosensor based on front and back illumination was prepared for the detection of glutathione (GSH). Unlike traditional ratio methods, this ratiometric biosensor does not require voltage and wavelength modulation, thereby avoiding potential crosstalk caused by voltage and wavelength modulation. Additionally, the formation of a heterojunction between mTiO2 and Ag2S is conducive to enhancing light absorption and promoting charge separation, thereby boosting the photocurrent signal. Apart from forming a heterojunction with TiO2, Ag2S also shows a specific affinity towards GSH, thus enhancing the selectivity of the mTiO2/Ag2S ratiometric photoelectrochemical biosensor. The results demonstrate that the ratiometric photoelectrochemical biosensor exhibits a good detection range and a low detection limit for GSH, while also possessing significant interference elimination capability. The GSH detection range is 0.01–10 mmol L−1 with a detection limit of 6.39 × 10−3 mmol·L−1. The relative standard deviation of 20 repeated detections is 0.664%. Impressively, the proposed novel ratiometric PEC biosensor demonstrates enviable universality, providing new insights for the design and construction of PEC ratiometric sensing platforms.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Biosensors and Nanosensors)
Open AccessArticle
D-Glucose-Mediated Gold Nanoparticle Fabrication for Colorimetric Detection of Foodborne Pathogens
by
Seo Yeon Park, Rajamanickam Sivakumar and Nae Yoon Lee
Biosensors 2024, 14(6), 284; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14060284 - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
Gold nanoparticle (AuNP) fabrication via the oxidation of D-glucose is applied for detecting two foodborne pathogens, Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). D-glucose is used as a reducing agent due to its oxidation to gluconic acid
[...] Read more.
Gold nanoparticle (AuNP) fabrication via the oxidation of D-glucose is applied for detecting two foodborne pathogens, Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). D-glucose is used as a reducing agent due to its oxidation to gluconic acid by sodium hydroxide (NaOH), resulting in the formation of AuNPs. Based on this mechanism, we develop AuNP-based colorimetric detection in conjunction with loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for accurately identifying the infectious bacteria. Here, Au+ ions bind to the base of double-stranded DNA. In the presence of D-glucose and NaOH, the LAMP amplicon-Au+ complex maintains its bound state at 65 °C for 10 min while it is reduced to AuNPs in a dispersed form, exhibiting a red color. We aimed to pre-mix D-glucose with LAMP reagents before amplification and induce successful colorimetry without inhibiting amplification to simplify the experimental process and decrease the reaction time. Therefore, the entire process, including LAMP and colorimetric detection, is accomplished in approximately 1 h. The limit of detection of E. faecium and S. aureus is confirmed using the introduced method as 101 CFU/mL and 100 fg/μL, respectively. We expect that colorimetric detection using D-glucose-mediated AuNP synthesis offers an application for simple and immediate molecular diagnosis.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidic Systems for Single Cell Analysis)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Journal Menu
► ▼ Journal Menu-
- Biosensors Home
- Aims & Scope
- Editorial Board
- Reviewer Board
- Topical Advisory Panel
- Instructions for Authors
- Special Issues
- Topics
- Sections & Collections
- Article Processing Charge
- Indexing & Archiving
- Editor’s Choice Articles
- Most Cited & Viewed
- Journal Statistics
- Journal History
- Journal Awards
- Conferences
- Editorial Office
Journal Browser
► ▼ Journal BrowserHighly Accessed Articles
Latest Books
E-Mail Alert
News
Topics
Topic in
Biosensors, Sensors
Optical Molecular Sensing and Imaging: Development and Applications
Topic Editors: Pengfei Zhang, Rui WangDeadline: 20 July 2024
Topic in
Automation, Biosensors, Fibers, Photonics, Sensors
Advance and Applications of Fiber Optic Measurement: 2nd Edition
Topic Editors: Flavio Esposito, Stefania Campopiano, Agostino IadiciccoDeadline: 30 November 2024
Conferences
Special Issues
Special Issue in
Biosensors
Microfluidic Biosensing Technologies for Point-of-Care Applications
Guest Editors: Muhsincan Sesen, John McGrath, Ameya Vaidya, Pouya RezaiDeadline: 20 June 2024
Special Issue in
Biosensors
Application of Nanomaterials for Biosensors
Guest Editors: Yaoguang Wang, Shakil AwanDeadline: 30 June 2024
Special Issue in
Biosensors
Functional Nanomaterials for Biosensing (Volume II)
Guest Editor: Shao SuDeadline: 20 July 2024
Special Issue in
Biosensors
Cell-Based Biosensors for Rapid Detection and Monitoring
Guest Editor: Georgia MoschopoulouDeadline: 31 July 2024
Topical Collections
Topical Collection in
Biosensors
Novel Sensing System for Biomedical Applications
Collection Editors: Chia-Ching Chang, Chiun-Jye Yuan, Chih-Chia Huang
Topical Collection in
Biosensors
Microsystems for Cell Cultures
Collection Editors: Iordania Constantinou, Thomas E. Winkler
Topical Collection in
Biosensors
Biosensors for Point-of-Care Diagnostics
Collection Editor: Guozhen Liu
Topical Collection in
Biosensors
Wearable Biosensors for Healthcare Applications
Collection Editors: Ming-Yih Lee, Wen-Yen Lin