Journal Description
Environmental Sciences Proceedings
Environmental Sciences Proceedings
is an open access journal dedicated to publishing findings resulting from conferences, workshops, and similar events, in all areas of environmental sciences. The conference organizers and proceedings editors are responsible for managing the peer-review process and selecting papers for conference proceedings.
Latest Articles
Synergy of CALIOP and Ground-Based Solar Radiometer Data to Study Statistical Characteristics of Aerosols in Regions with a Low Aerosol Load
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2024, 29(1), 70; https://doi.org/10.3390/ECRS2023-16860 - 6 Jun 2024
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The statistical characteristics of combined lidar and radiometric measurements obtained from satellite lidar CALIOP and ground-based sun-radiometer stations were used as input datasets to retrieve the altitude profiles of aerosol parameters (LRS-C technique). The signal-to-noise ratio of the input satellite lidar signals increased
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The statistical characteristics of combined lidar and radiometric measurements obtained from satellite lidar CALIOP and ground-based sun-radiometer stations were used as input datasets to retrieve the altitude profiles of aerosol parameters (LRS-C technique). The signal-to-noise ratio of the input satellite lidar signals increased when averaging over a large array of measured data. An algorithm and software package for processing the input dataset of the LRS-C sounding of atmospheric aerosol in regions with medium and low aerosol loads was developed. This paper presents the results of studying long-term changes in the concentration profiles of aerosol modes in regions of East Europe (AERONET site Minsk, 53.92° N, 27.60° E) and East Antarctic (AERONET site Vechernaya Hill, 67.66° S, 46.16° E).
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Dynamic Analysis of Water Surface Extent and Climate Change Parameters in Zarivar Lake, Iran
by
Ehsan Rostami, Rasool Vahid, Arastou Zarei and Meisam Amani
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2024, 29(1), 71; https://doi.org/10.3390/ECRS2023-17345 - 18 Apr 2024
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Wetlands are valuable natural resources that provide many services to both the environment and humans. Over the past several decades, climatic change and human activities have had a considerable impact on the water level of wetlands. Zarivar Lake, located in the northwestern region
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Wetlands are valuable natural resources that provide many services to both the environment and humans. Over the past several decades, climatic change and human activities have had a considerable impact on the water level of wetlands. Zarivar Lake, located in the northwestern region of Iran, represents a significant ecological unit and aquatic ecosystem. In this study, from 2015 to 2022, the relationship between seasonal changes in Zarivar Lake’s waterbody (LWB) area and weather factors like precipitation, evapotranspiration, and the temperature of the lake’s surface water (LSWT) were examined. For this purpose, the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform, a powerful and fast tool for processing the time series of images, was used. The LWB was extracted by utilizing the average images of the dual-polarized SAR Sentinel-1 imagery for each season. Furthermore, meteorological parameters encompass the utilization of the Landsat-8 satellite’s thermal band to determine LSWT by using statistical mono-window (SMW), the CHIRPS rainfall model data for assessing precipitation levels, and the employment of MODIS evapotranspiration products in the form of 8-day data. The study revealed significant correlations between variations in Zarivar Lake’s waterbody area and meteorological factors. Correlation coefficients indicated a positive relationship between LWB area and precipitation during the winter (r = 0.67) and spring (r = 0.73), while weaker positive correlations were observed in the summer (r = 0.29) and fall (r = 0.30). Conversely, the LWB area showed a relative relationship with LSWT, with positive correlations in winter (r = 0.10) and spring (r = 0.26), and negative correlations in summer (r = −0.30) and fall (r = −0.07). Additionally, evapotranspiration parameters aligned with precipitation changes throughout the seasons, highlighting the significant influence of climate on Zarivar Lake.
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Evaluation of CartoDEM with the Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2 and Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation Spaceborne LiDAR Datasets for Parts of Plain Region in Moga District, Punjab
by
Ashutosh Bhardwaj, Hari Shanker Srivastava and Raghavendra Pratap Singh
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2024, 29(1), 73; https://doi.org/10.3390/ECRS2023-16887 - 27 Mar 2024
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The CartoDEM Version 3 Release 1 openly accessible datasets are currently the most reliable datasets for relatively plain regions in India specifically. The aim of the presented study is to evaluate CartoDEM with respect to two openly accessible spaceborne LiDAR datasets from two
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The CartoDEM Version 3 Release 1 openly accessible datasets are currently the most reliable datasets for relatively plain regions in India specifically. The aim of the presented study is to evaluate CartoDEM with respect to two openly accessible spaceborne LiDAR datasets from two LiDAR sensors: the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) on board the Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) and Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) over the International Space Station (ISS). The differences and deviations were computed for CartoDEM and LiDAR footprint elevations for the two datasets, namely, ICESat-2 and GEDI. The difference values were filtered for footprints with differences between 0 and 2.5 in the DEM and LiDAR elevation values. Besides this, an overall estimate was also calculated for the elevation values obtained over the surface, i.e., the ground, as well as objects such as the trees or buildings. The RMSEs were observed to be 1.16 m and 1.74 m for the ICESat-2 and GEDI datasets for the points/footprints on the terrain, whereas when considering similar parameters for the two datasets, the RMSEs were found to be 1.78 m and 5.48 m for the ICESat-2 and GEDI footprints on the surface (terrain/object), respectively. This study reveals that CartoDEM is highly accurate in the plain regions when validated with respect to the ICESat-2 datasets, which work via the photon counting technique. Further, it was observed that ICESat-2’s performance is better than that of the GEDI mission for terrain height. Thus, it was observed that the spaceborne LiDAR datasets from ICESat-2 can be utilized for the validation of DEMs and can be useful for applications where an input to a DEM is required for engineering or modeling applications.
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Open AccessEditorial
Statement of Peer Review
by
Konstantinos Moustris and Nastos Panagiotis
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 26(1), 213; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023026213 - 25 Mar 2024
Abstract
In submitting conference proceedings to Environment Sciences Proceedings, the volume editors of the proceedings certify to the publisher that all papers published in this volume have been subjected to peer review administered by the volume editors [...]
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(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 16th International Conference on Meteorology, Climatology and Atmospheric Physics—COMECAP 2023)
Open AccessProceeding Paper
Towards Modeling of the Landscape Evolution of Los Naranjos Archaeological Site, Honduras
by
Nohemy Lizeth Rivera Gutiérrez
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 28(1), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023028032 - 15 Mar 2024
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Los Naranjos is an archaeological site inhabited since approximately 800 BC. The objective is to analyze the landscape of this site to understand the territorial, social, and cultural dynamics, along with its natural environment, since pre-Hispanic times. The methodology involves a documentary review
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Los Naranjos is an archaeological site inhabited since approximately 800 BC. The objective is to analyze the landscape of this site to understand the territorial, social, and cultural dynamics, along with its natural environment, since pre-Hispanic times. The methodology involves a documentary review of investigations, and a search for mappings and reconstructions of previous studies, historical sources, and fieldwork. Preliminary results include a review of existing sources for model generation.
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(This article belongs to the Proceedings of IV Conference on Geomatics Engineering)
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Evaluation of Water Vapor-Weighted Mean Temperature Models in GNSS Station ACOR
by
Raquel Perdiguer-López, José Luis Berné Valero and Natalia Garrido-Villen
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 28(1), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023028031 - 7 Mar 2024
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The delay of GNSS signals in the neutral atmosphere allow the determination of atmospheric water vapor. The conversion factor of the delay in the water vapor uses the water vapor-weighted mean temperature, Tm, which is a crucial parameter to improve the
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The delay of GNSS signals in the neutral atmosphere allow the determination of atmospheric water vapor. The conversion factor of the delay in the water vapor uses the water vapor-weighted mean temperature, Tm, which is a crucial parameter to improve the quality of conversion. This study analyzed two different types of models: linear models such as Bevis, Mendes and Ortiz de Galisteo, and empirical models such as GPT2w, GPT3 and GWMT_D. The performance of the models was analyzed using the models as the source of Tm to obtain the precipitable water vapor (PWV), which was compared to a reference set of PWV obtained from a matched radiosonde site. The results show a better performance of the linear models, with the Bevis model achieving the best performance.
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(This article belongs to the Proceedings of IV Conference on Geomatics Engineering)
Open AccessEditorial
Statement of Peer Review
by
María Belén Benito Oterino, José Fernández Torres, Rosa María García Blanco, Jorge Miguel Gaspar Escribano, Miguel Ángel Manso Callejo and Antonio Vázquez Hoehne
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 28(1), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023028030 - 6 Mar 2024
Abstract
In submitting conference proceedings to Environment Sciences Proceedings, the volume editors of these proceedings certify to the publisher that all papers published in this volume have been subjected to peer review administered by the volume editors [...]
Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of IV Conference on Geomatics Engineering)
Open AccessProceeding Paper
Detection of Methane Point Sources with High-Resolution Satellites
by
Itziar Irakulis-Loitxate, Javier Roger, Javier Gorroño, Adriana Valverde and Luis Guanter
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 28(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023028029 - 26 Feb 2024
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Methane is the second most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas, whose emissions need to be mitigated to curb global warming. There is a large uncertainty about its point source, but thanks to a new generation of high-spatial-resolution satellites, this situation is changing drastically, revealing
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Methane is the second most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas, whose emissions need to be mitigated to curb global warming. There is a large uncertainty about its point source, but thanks to a new generation of high-spatial-resolution satellites, this situation is changing drastically, revealing thousands of emission point sources worldwide. In this paper, several hotspot areas are mapped, looking for methane emission point sources with different types of high-resolution satellites. Our results demonstrate the potential of satellite remote sensing to reveal methane emission point sources in different scenarios.
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(This article belongs to the Proceedings of IV Conference on Geomatics Engineering)
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Preliminary Results of Satellite-Derived Nearshore Bathymetry
by
Ausiàs Roch-Talens, Josep Eliseu Pardo-Pascual and Jaime Almonacid-Caballer
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 28(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023028028 - 15 Feb 2024
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This article presents the preliminary results of a study on satellite-derived bathymetry. The purpose of this research is to explore the use of remote sensing and optical imagery for mapping the depth of coastal waters. This study uses empirical models to estimate the
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This article presents the preliminary results of a study on satellite-derived bathymetry. The purpose of this research is to explore the use of remote sensing and optical imagery for mapping the depth of coastal waters. This study uses empirical models to estimate the water depth based on the optical properties of the water column. To carry this out, it employs atmospheric correction algorithms to remove the influence of atmospheric scattering and absorption on the optical signals. The authors then apply the empirical models to the corrected imagery to obtain the bathymetric maps. The study shows promising results (RMSE ranging between 0.49 and 0.96m using the Lyzenga methodology), with the estimated depths generally consistent with the available ground-truth data. However, the accuracy of the estimated depths varies depending on the water conditions, such as the presence of waves and bottom type. The authors conclude that satellite-derived bathymetry has great potential for coastal applications, such as environmental monitoring and coastal management.
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(This article belongs to the Proceedings of IV Conference on Geomatics Engineering)
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Retrieval of Soil Moisture Using Time Series of Radar and Optical Remote Sensing Data at 10 m Resolution
by
Mojtaba Atar, Reza Shah-Hosseini and Omid Ghaffari
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2024, 29(1), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/ECRS2023-16861 - 7 Feb 2024
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Soil moisture (SM) is an important variable related to the health of terrestrial ecosystems, agriculture, the continental water cycle, etc. It also provides an opportunity for drought monitoring, flood forecasting, weather forecasting, and the calibration of hydrological models. This study aims to estimate
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Soil moisture (SM) is an important variable related to the health of terrestrial ecosystems, agriculture, the continental water cycle, etc. It also provides an opportunity for drought monitoring, flood forecasting, weather forecasting, and the calibration of hydrological models. This study aims to estimate the surface soil moisture at a high spatial resolution (10 m) by combining radar and optical remote sensing data and improving the spatial resolution and accuracy. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) operates with the competence to acquire data in any weather condition. The SAR images were acquired by C-band SAR sensors in the VV polarization boarded on Sentinel-1 satellites and the optical images were obtained from a Sentinel-2 multispectral instrument. The main algorithm involves the retrieval of soil moisture using radar data through a change detection (CD) method that is somehow combined with the WCM (parameters include vegetation descriptors and model coefficients) to estimate the SM and reduce the effect of vegetation cover. The method is applied to 13 months of time-series satellite data, from 7 November 2019 to 20 October 2020, over Salamanca (western Spain) and is validated using field data acquired at a study site with the use of a TDR sensor. The results showed good accuracy between the retrieved and ground measurement soil moisture data (Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.053 / ) and the obtained accuracy is promising compared to recent similar works.
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
IRIDE, the Euro-Italian Earth Observation Program: Overview, Current Progress, Global Expectations, and Recommendations
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Tommaso Orusa, Annalisa Viani and Enrico Borgogno-Mondino
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2024, 29(1), 74; https://doi.org/10.3390/ECRS2023-16839 - 25 Jan 2024
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Recently, the Italian government has announced IRIDE, a new Earth observation program. IRIDE will likely be completed by 2026 under the management of the European Space Agency (ESA) and with the support of the Italian Space Agency (ASI). IRIDE is an end-to-end system
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Recently, the Italian government has announced IRIDE, a new Earth observation program. IRIDE will likely be completed by 2026 under the management of the European Space Agency (ESA) and with the support of the Italian Space Agency (ASI). IRIDE is an end-to-end system made up of a set of sub-constellations (with radar and optical sensors) and services intended for the Italian Public Administration. The aims of this work are twofold: firstly, to disseminate information within the scientific community regarding the IRIDE program by highlighting key constellation characteristics as outlined in the latest ASI technical communications; secondly, to put forth valuable recommendations for the global applicability of this data, adopting a bottom-up perspective.
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Tool to Generate Deforestation and Illegal Mining Alerts with Remote Sensing
by
Martha Patricia Valbuena Gaona, Cindy Carolina Ferrucho Parra, María Angélica Prieto Arenas and Germán Alberto Muñoz Bravo
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 28(1), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023028027 - 23 Jan 2024
Abstract
The Colombian environmental policies in the 2022–2026 Development Plan align with international guidelines such as the Escazú Agreement, the Rio Declaration, and the Sustainable Development Goals. In concordance with these ongoing efforts, a specialized tool has been developed to effectively identify potential cases
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The Colombian environmental policies in the 2022–2026 Development Plan align with international guidelines such as the Escazú Agreement, the Rio Declaration, and the Sustainable Development Goals. In concordance with these ongoing efforts, a specialized tool has been developed to effectively identify potential cases of deforestation and illegal mining linked to forest cover loss and the presence of mercury-contaminated water bodies using planet imagery. The workflow used the ArcGIS Pro Task module, with geo-processes integrated into the Python library, arcpy, and fundamental concepts of object-based image analysis (OBIA) and pixel-based analysis. A methodology known as tip and cue was also implemented to detect illegal mining zones. The tool provides efficient means to study environmental crimes and prevent ecosystem damages.
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(This article belongs to the Proceedings of IV Conference on Geomatics Engineering)
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Analysis of Seismo-Ionospheric Irregularities Using the Available PRNs vTEC from the Closest Epicentral cGPS Stations for Large Earthquakes
by
Karan Nayak, Charbeth López Urias, Rosendo Romero Andrade, Gopal Sharma and Manuel Edwiges Trejo Soto
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 27(1), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/ecas2023-15144 - 17 Jan 2024
Abstract
The occurrence of earthquakes, which can strike suddenly without any warning, has always posed a potential threat to humanity. However, researchers worldwide have been diligently studying the mechanisms and patterns of these events in order to develop warning systems and improve detection methods.
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The occurrence of earthquakes, which can strike suddenly without any warning, has always posed a potential threat to humanity. However, researchers worldwide have been diligently studying the mechanisms and patterns of these events in order to develop warning systems and improve detection methods. One of the most reliable indicators for predicting large earthquakes has been the examination of electron availability in the ionosphere. This study focuses on analyzing the behavior of the Total Electron Content (TEC) in the ionosphere during the 30-day period leading up to the three most devastating earthquakes of the past decade. Specifically, the data were examined from the cGPS stations closest to the epicenters: MERS for the Turkey earthquake with 7.8 Mw on 6 February 2023, CHLM for the Nepal earthquake with 7.8 Mw on 25 April 2015, and MIZU for the Japan earthquake with 9.1 Mw on 11 March 2011. Notable positive and negative anomalies were observed for each earthquake, and the vertical Total Electron Content (vTEC) for each PRN (pseudo-random number) was plotted to determine the specific time of the TEC anomaly. The spatial distribution of vTEC for the anomalous specific time revealed that the anomalies were in close proximity to the earthquake epicenters, particularly within denser fault zones.
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(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 6th International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences)
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Tracking the Evolution of Biodeterioration and Physico-Chemical Alterations Using Microphotogrammetric Techniques in the Altamira Cave
by
Vicente Bayarri and Alfredo Prada
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 28(1), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023028026 - 16 Jan 2024
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Caves are open ecosystems with natural microbiota, and they are generally stable if environmental conditions are stable. Some have rock art, which is generally characterized as fragile, especially when the equilibrium conditions of the hypogeum are changed. This article shows how high-resolution microphotogrammetry,
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Caves are open ecosystems with natural microbiota, and they are generally stable if environmental conditions are stable. Some have rock art, which is generally characterized as fragile, especially when the equilibrium conditions of the hypogeum are changed. This article shows how high-resolution microphotogrammetry, supported by other geomatic techniques, allows the objective and quantifiable control of the alterations suffered by the pigment and its variation over time regarding earlier campaigns. This method, applied periodically, makes it possible to prevent and/or detect possible alterations at an early stage and improve the conditions of the conservation of the cave.
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(This article belongs to the Proceedings of IV Conference on Geomatics Engineering)
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Comparative Study of Algorithms for Obtaining AOD Using High Spatial Resolution Satellite Imagery
by
María Joaquina Porres, Edgar Lorenzo-Sáez, Javier Solá and Eloína Coll
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 28(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023028025 - 16 Jan 2024
Abstract
Air pollution control and air quality monitoring are global priority, which also applies to local scales. Ground-based monitoring stations provide high quality values, but their number and cost make them insufficient for use at certain scales and for air monitoring in urban areas.
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Air pollution control and air quality monitoring are global priority, which also applies to local scales. Ground-based monitoring stations provide high quality values, but their number and cost make them insufficient for use at certain scales and for air monitoring in urban areas. Satellite imagery provides indicators directly related to air quality. Aerosol optical thickness (AOD), used in atmospheric corrections of images, can be used as an indicator of air quality. This product is present in images obtained by satellites of medium spatial resolution, so it is necessary to develop methodologies to obtain it at higher resolution. This work aims to compare methodologies for obtaining AOD and its use in high spatial resolution satellites.
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(This article belongs to the Proceedings of IV Conference on Geomatics Engineering)
Open AccessProceeding Paper
A Space–Air–Earth–Water Sensor Network Used to Determine the Impact of Overexploitation of Water Resources (Ecuador)
by
Ángel Morales Sánchez, Serafín López-Cuervo and Juan F. Prieto
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 28(1), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023028024 - 16 Jan 2024
Abstract
This study analyzes repercussions for the morphology, talweg, riverbanks and surrounding structures of several aquatic systems transformed by multipurpose reservoirs located within the Ecuadorian territory of South America. For this purpose, several geomatics techniques were used simultaneously, minimizing the temporal error in the
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This study analyzes repercussions for the morphology, talweg, riverbanks and surrounding structures of several aquatic systems transformed by multipurpose reservoirs located within the Ecuadorian territory of South America. For this purpose, several geomatics techniques were used simultaneously, minimizing the temporal error in the reservoir water level in order to measure the impact of partial or total emptying operations on these reservoirs. High precision geodetic networks were designed to synchronously use geospatial data-capturing equipment, namely UASs/drones with INS/GNSS systems, LiDAR sensors, RGB optical sensors, USVs/aquatic drones equipped with GNSS systems, and single-beam sensors. Photogrammetric, LiDAR and underwater results were contrasted with topographic techniques used in the monitoring and control of structures. Environmental changes in the surroundings, soil movements due to sedimentary and erosive effects, and possible displacements in existing structures were analyzed.
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(This article belongs to the Proceedings of IV Conference on Geomatics Engineering)
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Creating a Comprehensive Landslides Inventory Using Remote Sensing Techniques and Open Access Data
by
Constantinos Nefros, Constantinos Loupasakis, Stavroula Alatza and Charalampos Kontoes
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2024, 29(1), 60; https://doi.org/10.3390/ECRS2023-15849 - 15 Jan 2024
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Landslides are natural disasters with a high socio-economic impact on human societies due to the considerable number of fatalities and the destruction of infrastructure that they cause. A comprehensive landslides inventory is vital for reducing this impact as it can be used in
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Landslides are natural disasters with a high socio-economic impact on human societies due to the considerable number of fatalities and the destruction of infrastructure that they cause. A comprehensive landslides inventory is vital for reducing this impact as it can be used in landslides susceptibility studies for the identification of the subregions of an area that are most prone to landslides for the evaluation of the landslide precipitation activation thresholds, and subsequently for the determination of the most suitable precautionary measures. Nowadays, remote sensing techniques are widely used by scientists for creating landslide inventories as they can be rapidly applied to identify landslides along with their spatial characteristics. Nevertheless, besides these characteristics, a comprehensive inventory must also include the time of their activation and the factors that led to their activation. These elements can be quite difficult to specify, especially in areas where official landslide data do not exist, such as in countries that do not have a published national landslides inventory. The objective of this research study is to provide a framework for the creation of a comprehensive landslides inventory by combining open access or publicly available data with remote sensing data and techniques. The Chania regional unit in the western part of Crete Island, Greece, was selected as the study area. Our study presents how a complete landslides inventory, consisting of 236 landslides, was established based on differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR) techniques and open access or publicly available data. This framework can significantly contribute to scientific research on landslide susceptibility in countries that lack a comprehensive landslides inventory. Moreover, it highlights the potential of remote sensing techniques and open access data in improving our understanding of landslide activation mechanisms.
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Studying Correlation between Precipitation and NDVI/MODIS for Time Series (2012–2022) in Arid Region in Syria
by
Rukea Al-hasn
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2024, 29(1), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/ECRS2023-16704 - 15 Jan 2024
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Vegetation degradation is correlated with drought. The more drought intensifies, the more degraded vegetation increases. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the correlation between rainfall and changes in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) under arid and semi-arid conditions in Syria. This study
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Vegetation degradation is correlated with drought. The more drought intensifies, the more degraded vegetation increases. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the correlation between rainfall and changes in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) under arid and semi-arid conditions in Syria. This study was carried out using annual rainfall data for 2012–2022, obtained from the Agricultural cloud seeding Project, to determine the average rainfall in the study area and to link it to the NDVI of MODIS image data processed using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) for April of each year for the same time series. The results showed that the lowest NDVI value (0.098) was in 2016, representing the driest year during the studied series, while the highest NDVI value (0.24) was in 2019, which coincided with the highest rainfall rate of 206.67 mm, thus representing the least arid year during the same series. It also found a strong correlation (R = 0.7) between the overall average rainfall and the overall NDVI values of the studied time series. This study shows that changes in the NDVI are associated with changes in rainfall, indicating that they can be used to estimate and study drought as a simple method derived from satellite data in isolation from ground data.
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Impact of Land Use and Land Cover Change on Agricultural Production in District Bahawalnagar, Pakistan
by
Aamir Raza, Muhammad Adnan Shahid, Muhammad Safdar, Muhammad Zaman, Rehan Mehmood Sabir, Hafsa Muzammal and Mian Muhammad Ahmed
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2024, 29(1), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/ECRS2023-16644 - 15 Jan 2024
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Land use and land cover (LULC) change is a major driver of environmental change in District Bahawalnagar, Punjab. LULC change can lead to changes in soil quality, water availability, and climate, all of which can affect crop yields. LULC change can also lead
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Land use and land cover (LULC) change is a major driver of environmental change in District Bahawalnagar, Punjab. LULC change can lead to changes in soil quality, water availability, and climate, all of which can affect crop yields. LULC change can also lead to the loss of agricultural land, forest land, water bodies, and an increment in urban land that causes climate change and affects the agricultural sector. The study area showed that in the last thirty years, the population increased, built-up land increased, and agricultural land dropped by 30%. The present status of knowledge is reviewed in this paper on the impact of LULC on agricultural production in District Bahawalnagar. The conversion of agricultural land to urban development in District Bahawalnagar has led to a decline in crop yields of an average of 10%. The production of wheat and rice, the two major crops grown in District Bahawalnagar, is influenced by LULC changes. This study also found that the loss of agricultural land has resulted in an increase in soil salinity, which has further reduced crop yields. The detrimental effects of LULC change on agricultural output in District Bahawalnagar can be mitigated by adopting sustainable land management practices. These practices include reforestation, conservation agriculture, and water conservation. The government of Pakistan can also play a role in mitigating the negative impacts of LULC change on agricultural production by developing and implementing land use plans that protect agricultural land from conversion to other uses. More research is required to fully comprehend the effects of LULC and develop effective management strategies. However, LULC is a major challenge that must be addressed if we are to ensure food security in the future.
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Open AccessProceeding Paper
Performance of Assisted-Global Navigation Satellite System from Network Mobile to Precise Positioning on Smartphones
by
Mónica Zabala Haro, Ángel Martín, Ana Anquela and María Jesús Jiménez
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 28(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023028023 - 15 Jan 2024
Abstract
Indoor navigation is the most challenging environment regarding precise positioning service for a smartphone’s physical quality limitations and interferences for high buildings, trees and multipath fading in the GNSS signal received. A GPS by itself cannot offer a solution; the A-GNSS from a
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Indoor navigation is the most challenging environment regarding precise positioning service for a smartphone’s physical quality limitations and interferences for high buildings, trees and multipath fading in the GNSS signal received. A GPS by itself cannot offer a solution; the A-GNSS from a network mobile provided through telecommunication infrastructure provides information that is useful to counteract these issues. A smartphone has full connectivity to the mobile network 24/7 and has access to the GNSS database when required, and the assisted information is sent over an Internet Protocol (IP) and processed by the GNSS chip, increasing the accuracy, TTFF, and availability of data even in harsh environments. The outdoor, light indoor, and urban canyon scenarios are experienced when driving in some places in the city, and they are recorded with Geo++ and processed with RTKlib using a single frequency in a standalone and multi-constellation double-frequency smartphone, Xiaomi Mi 8, with A-GNSS. The results show good accuracy in the SPS for over 10 (m) and in assisted positioning over 50 (m); the TTFF in assisted positioning is always 5 (s), and in the SPS, it reaches 20 (s). Finally, during the trajectory, only the assisted positioning can compute the position; this is because of the data availability from a mobile network.
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(This article belongs to the Proceedings of IV Conference on Geomatics Engineering)
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