Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that is especially dominant in people with cystic fibrosis; the drug resistance expressed by this pathogen and its capacity for adaptation poses a significant challenge to its treatment and control, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality rates globally. In this sense, the search for new treatment alternatives is imminent today, with products of plant origin being an excellent alternative for use. The objective of this research was to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm potential and to explore the possible effect of ethanolic extracts from the wood and bark of Duguetia vallicola on the cell membrane. Microdilution assays showed the inhibition of bacterial growth by more than 50%, with the lowest concentration (62.5 μg/mL) of both extracts evaluated. Furthermore, we report the ability of both extracts to inhibit mature biofilms, with inhibition percentages between 48.4% and 93.7%. Intracellular material leakage experiments (260/280 nm), extracellular pH measurements, and fluorescence microscopy with acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide (EB) showed cell membrane damage. This indicates that the antibacterial action of ethanolic extracts of D. vallicola is associated with damage to the integrity of the cell membrane and consequent death of these pathogens. These results serve as a reference for future studies in establishing the mechanisms of action of these extracts. Full article

The gut microbiota has become an essential component of the host organism and plays a crucial role in the host immune system, metabolism, and physiology. Nevertheless, our comprehension of how the fish gut microbiota contributes to enhancing nutrient utilization in the diet and improving host growth performance remains unclear. In this study, we employed a comprehensive analysis of the microbiome, metabolome, and transcriptome to analyze intestines of the normal control group and the antibiotic-treated model group of T. ovatus to investigate how the gut microbiota enhances fish growth performance and uncover the underlying mechanisms. First, we found that the growth performance of the control group was significantly higher than that of the antibiotic-treated model under the same feeding conditions. Subsequent multiomics analyses showed that the gut microbiota can improve its own composition by mediating the colonization of some probiotics represented by Lactobacillus in the intestine, improving host metabolic efficiency with proteins and lipids, and also influencing the expression of genes in signaling pathways related to cell proliferation, which together contribute to the improved growth performance of T. ovatus. Our results demonstrated the important contribution of gut microbiota and its underlying molecular mechanisms on the growth performance of T. ovatus. Full article

The photocatalyst (PC) zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) is highly efficient for photoinduced electron/energy transfer reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization. However, ZnTPP suffers from poor absorbance of orange light by the so-called Q-band of the absorption spectrum (maximum absorption wavelength ${\lambda }_{\max }$ = 600 nm, at which molar extinction coefficient ${\epsilon }_{\max }$ = $1.0\times {10}^4$ L/(mol·cm)), hindering photo-curing applications that entail long light penetration paths. Over the past decade, there has not been any competing candidate in terms of efficiency, despite a myriad of efforts in PC design. By theoretical evaluation, here we rationally introduce a peripheral benzo moiety on each of the pyrrole rings of ZnTPP, giving zinc tetraphenyl tetrabenzoporphyrin (ZnTPTBP). This modification not only enlarges the conjugation length of the system, but also alters the $a_{1u}$ occupied $\pi$ molecular orbital energy level and breaks the accidental degeneracy between the $a_{1u}$ and $a_{2u}$ orbitals, which is responsible for the low absorption intensity of the Q-band. As a consequence, not only is there a pronounced hyperchromic and bathochromic effect (${\lambda }_{\max }$ = 655 nm and ${\epsilon }_{\max }$ = $5.2\times {10}^4$ L/(mol·cm)) of the Q-band, but the hyperchromic effect is achieved without increasing the intensity of the less useful, low wavelength absorption peaks of the PC. Remarkably, this strong 655 nm absorption takes advantage of deep-red (650–700 nm) light, a major component of solar light exhibiting good atmosphere penetration, exploited by the natural PC chlorophyll a as well. Compared with ZnTPP, ZnTPTBP displayed a 49% increase in PET-RAFT polymerization rate with good control, marking a significant leap in the area of photo-controlled polymerization. Full article

Although the relationship between earnings management and firm performance has been well explored in the literature, sustainable performance has not yet been examined. Furthermore, the literature has not addressed the issue of nonlinearity between earnings management and firm performance. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the potential nonlinear relationship between earnings management and sustainable firm performance in Saudi Arabia using a sample of 70 listed firms over the 2015–2022 period. Specifically, it investigates the operational risk disclosure threshold effect in the earning management–sustainable firm performance nexus. To do so, the dynamic panel threshold regression model (DPTR) is performed. The result proves that there is a threshold effect of operational risk disclosure in the relationship between earning management and sustainable firm performance. Specifically, the threshold values of operational risk disclosure for the three models are estimated at 6 between the low- and the high-operational-risk-disclosure regimes. In the lower regime, firm performance decreases when earning management increases; however, in the higher regime, firm performance increases when earning management increases. These outcomes support the predictions of agency and positive accounting theories. Full article

Vision starts in retinal photoreceptors when specialized proteins (opsins) sense photons via their covalently bonded vitamin A derivative 11cis retinaldehyde (11cis-RAL). The reaction of non-enzymatic aldehydes with amino groups lacks specificity, and the reaction products may trigger cell damage. However, the reduced synthesis of 11cis-RAL results in photoreceptor demise and suggests the need for careful control over 11cis-RAL handling by retinal cells. This perspective focuses on retinoid(s) synthesis, their control in the adult retina, and their role during retina development. It also explores the potential importance of 9cis vitamin A derivatives in regulating retinoid synthesis and their impact on photoreceptor development and survival. Additionally, recent advancements suggesting the pivotal nature of retinoid synthesis regulation for cone cell viability are discussed. Full article

In the realm of digital libraries, efficiently managing and accessing scientific publications necessitates automated bibliographic reference segmentation. This study addresses the challenge of accurately segmenting bibliographic references, a task complicated by the varied formats and styles of references. Focusing on the empirical evaluation of Conditional Random Fields (CRF), Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory with CRF (BiLSTM + CRF), and Transformer Encoder with CRF (Transformer + CRF) architectures, this research employs Byte Pair Encoding and Character Embeddings for vector representation. The models underwent training on the extensive Giant corpus and subsequent evaluation on the Cora Corpus to ensure a balanced and rigorous comparison, maintaining uniformity across embedding layers, normalization techniques, and Dropout strategies. Results indicate that the BiLSTM + CRF architecture outperforms its counterparts by adeptly handling the syntactic structures prevalent in bibliographic data, achieving an F1-Score of 0.96. This outcome highlights the necessity of aligning model architecture with the specific syntactic demands of bibliographic reference segmentation tasks. Consequently, the study establishes the BiLSTM + CRF model as a superior approach within the current state-of-the-art, offering a robust solution for the challenges faced in digital library management and scholarly communication. Full article

We compared the effects of two different high-caloric diets administered to 4-week-old rats for 12 weeks: a diet rich in sugar (30% sucrose) and a cafeteria diet rich in sugar and high-fat foods. We focused on the hippocampus, particularly on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic system, including the Ca²⁺-binding proteins parvalbumin (PV), calretinin (CR), calbindin (CB), and the neuropeptides somatostatin (SST) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). We also analyzed the density of cholinergic varicosities, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), reelin (RELN), and cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (CDK-5) mRNA levels, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression. The cafeteria diet reduced PV-positive neurons in the granular layer, hilus, and CA1, as well as NPY-positive neurons in the hilus, without altering other GABAergic populations or overall GABA levels. The high-sugar diet induced a decrease in the number of PV-positive cells in CA3 and an increase in CB-positive cells in the hilus and CA1. No alterations were observed in the cholinergic varicosities. The cafeteria diet also reduced the relative mRNA expression of RELN without significant changes in BDNF and CDK5 levels. The cafeteria diet increased the number but reduced the length of the astrocyte processes. These data highlight the significance of determining the mechanisms mediating the observed effects of these diets and imply that the cognitive impairments previously found might be related to both the neuroinflammation process and the reduction in PV, NPY, and RELN expression in the hippocampal formation. Full article

Rhinogobio ventralis is a rare fish found in the Yangtze River in China and has significant ecological and economic value. In this study, a bacterial strain (RV-JZ01) was isolated from the livers of diseased R. ventralis. This isolate was identified as Aeromonas veronii based on its morphology, biochemical features and 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis. The artificial infection of healthy R. ventralis (16 ± 2 cm) with RV-JZ01 resulted in the manifestation of clinical symptoms, in accordance with those of naturally infected fish. The 50% lethal dose (LD₅₀) of RV-JZ01 for R. ventralis was 6.3 × 10⁶ CFU/mL. Histopathological examination revealed various pathological changes in the diseased fish, including intestinal villus swelling and rupture, hepatocyte vacuolization, renal tubular cell nuclear enlargement and pyknosis, and myocardial fiber fracture and atrophy. RV-JZ01 infection significantly reduced the gut flora diversity of R. ventralis, with the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Fusobacteria increasing, and those of the Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreasing. The abundance of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus dramatically increased, and the abundance of Clostridium and Escherichia reduced in the intestinal microbiota of R. ventralis infected with RV-JZ01. Antibiotic sensitivity testing revealed that RV-JZ01 was highly susceptible to 12 antimicrobials, including erythromycin, cefalexin, norfloxacin, furazolidone, sulfonamides, enrofloxacin, doxycycline, piperacillin, florfenicol, gentamicin, and lincomycin. These results contribute to the understanding of pathological alterations in R. ventralis following A. veronii infection, offering valuable data to support the implementation of disease treatment. Full article

Chronic venous disease (CVD) comprises a spectrum of morphofunctional disorders affecting the venous system, affecting approximately 1 in 3 women during gestation. Emerging evidence highlights diverse maternofetal implications stemming from CVD, particularly impacting the placenta. While systemic inflammation has been associated with pregnancy-related CVD, preliminary findings suggest a potential link between this condition and exacerbated inflammation in the placental tissue. Inflammasomes are major orchestrators of immune responses and inflammation in different organs and systems. Notwithstanding the relevance of inflammasomes, specifically the NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3)- which has been demonstrated in the placentas of women with different obstetric complications, the precise involvement of this component in the placentas of women with CVD remains to be explored. This study employs immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) to examine the gene and protein expression of key components in both canonical and non-canonical pathways of the NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC—apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain—caspase 1, caspase 5, caspase 8, and interleukin 1β) within the placental tissue of women affected by CVD. Our findings reveal a substantial upregulation of these components in CVD-affected placentas, indicating a potential pathophysiological role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the development of this condition. Subsequent investigations should focus on assessing translational interventions addressing this dysregulation in affected patient populations. Full article

A large-scale re-inventory of red wood ant (RWA; Formica rufa-group) nests and a comparative analysis of their presence/absence data was carried out for the first time in 2023 at two study sites in the Oberpfalz, NE Bavaria, Germany, to investigate the suspected decline of nests, their relationship with forestry aspects, and possible changes in spatial distribution due to tectonic activity (GeoBio-Interactions). We inventoried, in two sustainably managed forests, outstanding nest occurrences (5393 nests including 5276 active nests) and an increase of ≈8% over 4–7 years. Our results do not support claims that the number of nests in the Oberpfalz is in sharp decline. RWA preferred mature and medium–mature pine-dominated forests. Standing and downed dead wood did not negatively affect nests. The number of nests with woodpecker cavities and the diversity of the herb layer increased. Nests clusters in NW–SE direction suggest a strong interaction between nest distribution and active tectonics. Our (re-)inventory approach combined with the extensive photo database is a valuable tool for (a) monitoring the entire forest habitat including natural restocking, herb biodiversity, woodpecker cavities, and dead wood in, at, and around nests, and (b) identifying GeoBio-Interactions. Such an approach will lead to more realistic counts of RWA nests and provide scientific evidence of the current situation of nests occurrence. We suggest seven to eight years as an appropriate time interval for re-inventories. Full article

Metallic materials are commonly characterized through tensile tests. For ductile metals, a consistent part of the test occurs after the necking onset. A first estimate of the post-necking behavior could be obtained by extrapolating the mathematical model that fits the pre-necking law. However, as well known, the accuracy of the predictions would not be guaranteed. Therefore, over the past decades many efforts have been devoted to dealing with the necking phenomenon. The most popular correction formula proposed by Bridgman is an analytical method based on the neck geometry. Despite being widely used, it may not be accurate at large strains due to the assumption of uniform distribution of the equivalent stress and equivalent strain in the specimen minimum cross-section. Starting from Bridgman’s idea and in order to overcome its limitations, the present paper develops an efficient method to calibrate the hardening law of isotropic metallic materials at large strains. The proposed method requires to record the outer contour of the necking zone during the test and to build a dataset of necking deformed shapes. Experimental quasi-static tensile tests were analyzed with the proposed approach, which appears promising when critically compared with other methods. Full article

Age is the primary risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia and a leading cause of death in the elderly population of the United States. No effective treatments for these diseases currently exist. Identifying effective treatments for Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and other neurodegenerative diseases is a major current focus of national scientific resources, and there is a critical need for novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we investigate the potential for targeting the kynurenine pathway metabolite 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3HAA) using Caenorhabditis elegans expressing amyloid-beta or a polyglutamine peptide in body wall muscle, modeling the proteotoxicity in Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s disease, respectively. We show that knocking down the enzyme that degrades 3HAA, 3HAA dioxygenase (HAAO), delays the age-associated paralysis in both models. This effect on paralysis was independent of the protein aggregation in the polyglutamine model. We also show that the mechanism of protection against proteotoxicity from HAAO knockdown is mimicked by 3HAA supplementation, supporting elevated 3HAA as the mediating event linking HAAO knockdown to delayed paralysis. This work demonstrates the potential for 3HAA as a targeted therapeutic in neurodegenerative disease, though the mechanism is yet to be explored. Full article

Oil-tea belongs to the Camellia genus, an important oil crop in China. However, oil-tea is taxonomically challenging due to its morphological variation, polyploidy, and interspecific hybridization. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the flower organs’ morphology and pollen micro-morphology of 18 oil-tea genotypes in detail and discussed their significance for oil-tea taxonomy. The quantitative parameters of flowers were measured using Vernier caliper measurements. Pollen morphology was observed and photographed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that the flower size varied significantly among the tested oil-tea genotypes, with the corolla diameter ranging from 42.25 μm in C. meiocarpa ‘LP’ to 89.51 μm in C. oleifera ‘ASX09’. The pollen grains of oil-tea are monads and medium grade in pollen size. There were two types of polar views, including triangular or subcircular, with a polar axis length (P) ranging from 27.5 μm in C. oleifera ‘CY67’ to 59.04 μm in C. mairei (H. Lév.) Melch. var. lapidea (Y.C. Wu) Sealy. The equatorial views exhibited oblate, spherical, or oblong shapes, with an equatorial axis length (E) of 21.32 to 41.62 μm. The pollen exine sculpture was perforate, verrucate, and reticulate. The perforation lumina diameter (D) ranged from 0.29 μm in C. magniflora Chang to 1.22 μm in C. yuhsienensis Hu, and the perforation width (W) varied from 0.77 μm in C. osmantha to 1.40 μm in C. gauchowensis ‘HM349’, respectively. Qualitative clustering analysis (Q-type cluster) and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted using eleven indexes of flower and pollen morphology, and the 18 oil-tea genotypes were classified into three categories. In addition, the correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between pollen size and flower morphology or pollen exine sculpture. These results offer valuable information on the classification and identification of the 18 oil-tea germplasm resources. Full article

This study aims to investigate the thermomechanical properties of vanadium dioxide (VO₂) thin films. A VO₂ thin film was simultaneously deposited on B270 and H-K9L glass substrates by electron-beam evaporation with ion-assisted deposition. Based on optical interferometric methods, the thermal–mechanical behavior of and thermal stresses in VO₂ films can be determined. An improved Twyman–Green interferometer was used to measure the temperature-dependent residual stress variations of VO₂ thin films at different temperatures. This study found that the substrate has a great impact on thermal stress, which is mainly caused by the mismatch in the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the film and the substrate. By using the dual-substrate method, thermal stresses in VO₂ thin films from room temperature to 120 °C can be evaluated. The thermal expansion coefficient is 3.21 × 10⁻⁵ °C⁻¹, and the biaxial modulus is 517 GPa. Full article

Carbon fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites, prized for their exceptional properties, often encounter surface quality issues during slotting due to their inherent heterogeneity. This paper tackles CFRP slotting challenges by employing multi-tooth mills in experiments with various fibre orientations and tool feed rates. In-plane scratching tests are performed under linearly varying loads; then, slotting experiments are conducted at different parameters. The scratching test results indicate that the fibre orientation and cutting angles have significant influences on forces and fracture process. The slotting experiments demonstrate that cutting forces and surface roughness S_a of the bottom slotting surface are notably affected by the fibre orientation, with disparities between up-milling and down-milling sides. Reorganising S_a data by local fibre cutting angle θ highlights consistent S_a variations between up-milling and down-milling sides for 0° ≤ θ ≤ 90°, with lower S_a on the up-milling side. However, for 90° < θ ≤ 150°, S_a variations diverge, with lower S_a on the down-milling side. Unexpectedly, S_a on the down-milling side decreases with increasing θ in this range. Additionally, the tool feed rate exerts a more pronounced influence on S_a on the up-milling side. Full article

Metasurfaces can arbitrarily manipulate the amplitude, phase, and polarization of optical fields on subwavelength scales. Due to their arbitrary manipulation and compact size, the metasurface can be well integrated with optical fibers. Herein, we demonstrate a polarization-dependent metasurface using birefringent meta-atoms, which can independently control X- and Y-polarization incident light. Each meta-atom allows for the division of phase into 16 steps ranging from 0 to 2 for both X- and Y-polarization, resulting in 256 nanopillars selected from the meta-atom library to satisfy the required phase. With the different effective refractive indices of the cuboid meta-atoms along the X- and Y-axis, we can achieve collimation of the X-polarization emitted beam from an optical fiber while deflecting orthogonally polarized light. As a result, the proposed metasurface collimates an X-polarized beam with a beam radius of 20 um at = 1 mm and 43.9 um at = 2 mm. Additionally, the metasurface can effectively deflect the Y-polarized beam to 36.01°, consistent with the results of the theoretical computation. The proposed metasurface exhibits a deflection efficiency of 55.6% for Y-polarized beams with a relative polarization efficiency of 82.2%, while the efficiency for the X-polarization is 71.4%. Our work is considered a promising application for optical communication, sensing, and quantum measurement. Full article

Aggressiveness, expressed by fighting, is a frequent problem in group-housed laboratory male mice and results in increased stress, injury, and death. One way to prevent fighting is by pairing the male mice with ovariectomized female mice to provide a compatible companion. However, the effect of these housing conditions remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate behavior and stress levels in two different housing conditions, pair-housed with an ovariectomized female and group-housed with other males. Behavioral tests were performed to assess stress and anxiety-like behavior. Moreover, the corticosterone levels in plasma were measured by ELISA. Based on home cage behavior assessment, pair-housed male mice showed no signs of fighting, not even after isolation and regrouping. Our results also showed that the pair-housed males had a better memory and demonstrated less anxiety-like behavior. Subsequently, the pair-housed male mice had a larger reduction in corticosterone levels compared to group-housed males. Overall, pair-housing reduced anxiety-like behavior and stress levels in male mice compared to standard group-housing. Full article

A new, eco-friendly process utilising the green solvent propylene carbonate (PC) has been developed to perform N-alkylation of N-, O- and/or S-containing heterocyclic compounds. PC in these reactions served as both the reagent and solvent. Importantly, no genotoxic alkyl halides were required. No auxiliary was necessary when using anhydrous PC. Product formation includes nucleophilic substitution with the concomitant loss of water and carbon dioxide. Substrates prepared, including the newly invented PROTAC drugs, are widely used. Full article

Green roofs cool cities, clean the air, provide habitat, and manage stormwater. They are compelling tools to teach interconnected human-ecological systems. This study included the design, pilot, and evaluation of a fourth-grade science unit entitled “Raising the Green Roof”, exploring these connections. Five classrooms in two Midwestern U.S. public elementary schools participated, and 4th-grade students (n = 73) drew systems models at three time points (212 models) and wrote their ideas. Qualitative content analyses of the models showed that learners were increasingly combining social systems (green roof infrastructure) with ecological systems (water cycle) across the unit. Students also increasingly evidenced specific knowledge as they progressed through the unit. The analysis of student models revealed that most student confusion is related to built environment aspects (e.g., how water moves from building roofs to municipal waterways). Results of the study suggest the potential for teaching socio-hydrologic systems thinking at the fourth-grade level. The findings emphasize the need to enhance built environment education for youth in science units that aspire to connect features of the built environment, such as green roofs, with ecology. The study additionally reinforced the effectiveness of place-based units in elementary education that emphasize science practices. Full article

The wettability and stability of a solution’s film on the filler surface are the key factors determining heat and mass transfer efficiency in liquid desiccant air conditioning systems. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of different air parameters on the flow behavior of a lithium chloride solution’s film. The effects of air velocity, air flow pattern, and pressure on the wettability and critical amount of spray are discussed. The results show that the main mechanism by which the air velocity affects the wettability is that the shear stress generated by the direction of the air velocity disperses the direction of the surface tension and weakens its effect on the liquid film distribution. In addition, in the counter flow pattern, the air flow blocks the liquid film from spreading longitudinally and destroys the stability of the liquid film at the liquid outlet, which increases the critical amount of spray. The pressure distribution is similar under different operating pressures when the flow is stable; thus, pressure has little effect on wettability. The simulation results under 8 atm are compared with the experimental results. It is found that the sudden increase in the amount of moisture removal when the amount of spray changes from 0.05 to 0.1 m³/(m·h) in the experiment is caused by the change in the liquid film flow state. In addition, the results show that within the range of air flow parameters for the liquid desiccant air conditioning system, air flow shear force is not the main factor affecting the stability of the solution’s film, and there is no secondary breakage of the solution’s film during the falling-film flow process. Full article

The foveal load hypothesis assumes that the ease (or difficulty) of processing the currently fixated word in a sentence can influence processing of the upcoming word(s), such that parafoveal preview is reduced when foveal load is high. Recent investigations using pseudo-character previews reported an absence of foveal load effects in Chinese reading. Substantial Chinese studies to date provide some evidence to show that parafoveal words may be processed orthographically, phonologically, or semantically. However, it has not yet been established whether parafoveal processing is equivalent in terms of the type of parafoveal information extracted (orthographic, phonological, semantic) under different foveal load conditions. Accordingly, the present study investigated this issue with two experiments. Participants’ eye movements were recorded as they read sentences in which foveal load was manipulated by placing a low- or high-frequency word N preceding a critical word. The preview validity of the upcoming word N + 1 was manipulated in Experiment 1, and word N + 2 in Experiment 2. The parafoveal preview was either identical to word N + 1(or word N + 2); orthographically related; phonologically related; semantically related; or an unrelated pseudo-character. The results showed robust main effects of frequency and preview type on both N + 1 and N + 2. Crucially, however, interactions between foveal load and preview type were absent, indicating that foveal load does not modulate the types of parafoveal information processed during Chinese reading. Full article

The response of dryland vegetation to climate change is particularly sensitive in the context of global climate change. This paper analyzes the characteristics of spatial and temporal dynamics of vegetation cover in the Tarim River Basin, China, and its driving factors in order to investigate the response of vegetation growth to water storage changes in the basin. The Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), the GRACE gravity satellite, and meteorological data from 2002 to 2022 are used to decipher the characteristics of the response of water storage changes to vegetation changes, which is of great significance to the realization of regional ecological development and sustainable development. The results of the study show the following: (1) The vegetation in the Tarim River Basin has an overall increasing trend, which is mainly distributed in the Aksu Basin and the Weigangkuche River Basin and is spatially distributed in the form of a ring. (2) Vegetation distribution greatly improved during the 20-year study period, dominated by high-cover vegetation, with a change rate of 200.36%. Additionally, vegetation changes are centered on the watersheds and expand to the surrounding area, with a clear increase in vegetation in the Kumukuri Basin. Areas with a vegetation Hurst index of <0.5 account for 63.27% of the study area, and the areas with a continuous decrease were mainly located in the outer contour area of the Tarim River and Kumu Kuri Basins. (3) There are obvious spatial differences in the correlation between EVI and temperature and precipitation elements. The proportion of areas with positive correlation with temperature within the study area is 64.67%. EVI tends to be consistent with the direction of migration of the center of gravity of the population and GDP, and the areas with positive correlation between vegetation and terrestrial water reserves are mainly distributed in the northern slopes of the Kunlun Mountains, with an area proportion of about 50.513%. The Kumukuli Basin also shows significantly positive correlation. Full article