Progress in Theoretical Modelling of Macroscopic and Microscopic Dynamics of Bolted Joints in Complex Equipment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Macroscopic Friction Models for Connected Interfaces
2.1. Static Friction Model
2.1.1. Coulomb Model
2.1.2. Coulomb Viscosity Model
2.1.3. Static Friction Coulomb Viscous Friction Model
2.1.4. Stribeck Model
2.1.5. Other Models
2.2. Dynamic Friction Models
2.2.1. Dahl Model
2.2.2. Sideburns Model
2.2.3. LuGre Model
2.2.4. Leuven Model
2.2.5. Valanis Model
2.2.6. Iwan Model
3. Microscopic Friction Model for Rough Surfaces
3.1. Statistical Summation Contact Model
3.1.1. GW Model
3.1.2. CEB Model
3.1.3. KE Model
3.1.4. BKE Model
3.2. Fractal Contact Modeling
3.3. Study of Microscopic Contact Mechanism
4. Conclusions and Future Directions
- The Iwan model is still the focus of research, especially regarding the yield force density function from the bolt contact mechanism, the addition of a normal load, based on the change in contact area and dynamic pressure for the dynamic Iwan model. Their models can better characterise the evolution of the contact state, reflecting the dynamic degradation characteristics, residual stiffness. However, the contact area function and dynamic pressure change function still need to be corrected at special points.
- A complete set of parameter identification methods should be established. Even if the dynamic model of bolted structures can accurately characterise the dynamic properties, the difficulty in parameter identification will lead to difficulties in model application.
- The problems of the cross-scale and non-linearity of bolted structures should be solved. Simple dynamic models of bolted structures can no longer meet the current needs, and the problems of cross-scale and non-linearity seriously affect the life of bolts. At present, it is necessary to carry out research on this aspect.
- After the dynamic model of the bolted structure is established, it is usually transformed into an equivalent model through finite element for stress–strain calculation. In recent years, the mechanical model has been further developed. However, various assumptions in the kinetic model lead to a large deviation between the theory and reality, and there are non-uniform micro-convex bodies on the microscopic surface of the connection structure, which greatly affects the accuracy of the mechanical prediction. Wang Biao of Sun Yat-sen University addressed the above problems [111], and from the thermodynamic point of view, through the introduction of elastic and dissipative energies, the material structure was equated to a thermodynamic system, and a mechanical computational prediction that can be made under complex loading conditions. Additionally, the deformation of complex structures was established [112,113], which achieves an accurate prediction of the strength of the material failure and deformation of the material localisation. This method has proved the correctness of the method through a variety of experiments. However, how to apply this method in engineering practice still needs to be studied.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Lu, X.; Zhu, M.; Wang, S.; Li, S.; Xu, Z.; Liu, Y. Progress in Theoretical Modelling of Macroscopic and Microscopic Dynamics of Bolted Joints in Complex Equipment. Lubricants 2024, 12, 182. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050182
Lu X, Zhu M, Wang S, Li S, Xu Z, Liu Y. Progress in Theoretical Modelling of Macroscopic and Microscopic Dynamics of Bolted Joints in Complex Equipment. Lubricants. 2024; 12(5):182. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050182
Chicago/Turabian StyleLu, Xiaohan, Min Zhu, Shengao Wang, Shengnan Li, Zijian Xu, and Yilong Liu. 2024. "Progress in Theoretical Modelling of Macroscopic and Microscopic Dynamics of Bolted Joints in Complex Equipment" Lubricants 12, no. 5: 182. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050182