Demethoxycurcumin and Bisdemethoxycurcumin Are More Bioavailable than Curcumin: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Cross-Over Trials in Healthy Humans and an In Vitro Mechanistic Exploration †
by
, , and
Charles Desmarchelier
1,*
,
Nadine Sus
2,
Grégory Marconot
1,
Guillian Gillet
1,
Noémie Resseguier
3 and
Jan Frank
2 1
Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University—INSERM—INRAE, 13005 Marseille, France
2
Department of Food Biofunctionality, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
3
Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center (CEReSS), Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023, Belgrade, Serbia, 14–17 November 2023.
Proceedings 2023, 91(1), 94; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091094
Published: 29 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023)
Abstract
:Background: Curcuminoids are secondary plant metabolites found in turmeric and many dietary supplements. They usually consist of a mixture of curcumin (CUR), demethoxycurcumin (dCUR) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (bdCUR). CUR, the main curcuminoid, has been intensely investigated for its putative effects against, e.g., inflammation, oxidative stress and cancer. However, CUR displays very poor bioavailability. We have previously shown that, when brought by turmeric, dCUR and bdCUR, which can also exert health effects, display greater in vitro bioaccessibility than CUR (PMID: 37073511). However, their bioavailability relative to that of CUR has not been thoroughly investigated. Objective: We aimed to compare the bioavailability of dCUR and bdCUR to that of CUR in a meta-analysis of clinical trials in healthy humans and to compare their in vitro bioaccessibility and enterocyte uptake efficiency. Methods and Results: Studies published until 2022 were searched for using Medline and Scopus. The included studies were randomized trials that measured the bioavailability of CUR, dCUR and bdCUR in healthy participants. Estimates were calculated using a random-effects model. Fifteen trials were included in the study, representing a total of 50 interventions, i.e., each trial investigated several curcuminoid formulations, in 762 participants. The relative bioavailabilities were calculated using the inverse variance method. dCUR was 2.32 (95% CI:1.70, 3.13) times more bioavailable than CUR, while bdCUR was 2.57 (95% CI: 1.58, 4.16) times more bioavailable than CUR, with some heterogeneity across the formulations used. Using an in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion model with pure curcuminoids, we showed that dCUR solubilization efficiency was 4.8 and 5.3 times higher than that of CUR and bdCUR, respectively (p < 0.001), while its micellization efficiency was 10.3 and 5.1 times higher than that of CUR and bdCUR, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusions: bdCUR and dCUR display greater bioavailability in humans compared to CUR. A subgroup analysis by formulation is undergoing investigation and will be presented. For dCUR, this difference is partly explained by higher in vitro bioaccessibility. Uptake efficiency measurements of pure curcuminoids and of curcuminoids from in vitro digestion fluids are undergoing investigation and will be presented. bdCUR and dCUR might therefore represent relevant alternatives to CUR for the systematic delivery of curcuminoids.
Keywords:
curcuminoid; turmeric; bioaccessibility; enterocyte; cell uptake; stability; solubility; digestion; small intestine; absorptionAuthor Contributions
Conceptualization, C.D.; methodology, all authors; validation, C.D. and J.F.; formal analysis, C.D., N.S. and J.F.; investigation, C.D., N.S. and J.F.; resources, C.D. and J.F.; writing—original draft preparation, C.D.; writing—review and editing, all authors; visualization, C.D. and J.F.; project administration, C.D. and J.F. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Funding
This research received no external funding.
Institutional Review Board Statement
Not applicable.
Informed Consent Statement
Not applicable.
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing not applicable.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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MDPI and ACS Style
Desmarchelier, C.; Sus, N.; Marconot, G.; Gillet, G.; Resseguier, N.; Frank, J. Demethoxycurcumin and Bisdemethoxycurcumin Are More Bioavailable than Curcumin: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Cross-Over Trials in Healthy Humans and an In Vitro Mechanistic Exploration. Proceedings 2023, 91, 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091094
AMA Style
Desmarchelier C, Sus N, Marconot G, Gillet G, Resseguier N, Frank J. Demethoxycurcumin and Bisdemethoxycurcumin Are More Bioavailable than Curcumin: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Cross-Over Trials in Healthy Humans and an In Vitro Mechanistic Exploration. Proceedings. 2023; 91(1):94. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091094
Chicago/Turabian StyleDesmarchelier, Charles, Nadine Sus, Grégory Marconot, Guillian Gillet, Noémie Resseguier, and Jan Frank. 2023. "Demethoxycurcumin and Bisdemethoxycurcumin Are More Bioavailable than Curcumin: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Cross-Over Trials in Healthy Humans and an In Vitro Mechanistic Exploration" Proceedings 91, no. 1: 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091094
