The CaMK Family Differentially Promotes Necroptosis and Mouse Cardiac Graft Injury and Rejection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. The CaMK Family Participates in MVEC Necroptosis
2.2. RIPK3 and the CaMK Family Members Form a Complex in Necroptosis
2.3. CaMK1 and CaMK4 Directly Bind to and Phosphorylate Drp1 while CaMK2 Indirectly Regulates Drp1 Phosphorylation via PGAM5
2.4. Inhibition of CaMKs Attenuated Heart Transplant Injury and Rejection
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Cell Death Assay
4.3. Mitochondrial Analysis
4.4. Small Interference RNA (siRNA)
4.5. Quantitative PCR
4.6. Immunoprecipitation
4.7. Western Blot
4.8. Heterotopic Cardiac Transplantation and Post-Operative Monitoring
4.9. Histology
4.10. Statistical Analyses
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CaMK | calmodulin-dependent protein kinase |
Drp1 | dynamin-related protein-1 |
IRI | Ischemia reperfusion injury |
MVEC | mouse microvascular endothelial cells |
Nec-1s | Necrostatin-1 |
PCR | polymerase chain reaction |
PGAM5 | phosphoglycerate mutase 5 |
pMLKL | phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain like protein |
RIPK | receptor interacting protein kinase |
TUNEL | TdT-mediated dUTP nick-ended labeling |
Z-IETD | Z-Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp-Fluoromethylketoe |
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Lu, H.; Jiang, J.; Min, J.; Huang, X.; McLeod, P.; Liu, W.; Haig, A.; Gunaratnam, L.; Jevnikar, A.M.; Zhang, Z.-X. The CaMK Family Differentially Promotes Necroptosis and Mouse Cardiac Graft Injury and Rejection. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 4428. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084428
Lu H, Jiang J, Min J, Huang X, McLeod P, Liu W, Haig A, Gunaratnam L, Jevnikar AM, Zhang Z-X. The CaMK Family Differentially Promotes Necroptosis and Mouse Cardiac Graft Injury and Rejection. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(8):4428. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084428
Chicago/Turabian StyleLu, Haitao, Jifu Jiang, Jeffery Min, Xuyan Huang, Patrick McLeod, Weihua Liu, Aaron Haig, Lakshman Gunaratnam, Anthony M. Jevnikar, and Zhu-Xu Zhang. 2024. "The CaMK Family Differentially Promotes Necroptosis and Mouse Cardiac Graft Injury and Rejection" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 8: 4428. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084428