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Molecular and Physiological Basis of Abiotic Stress Tolerance

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A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Response to Abiotic Stress and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2021) | Viewed by 14447

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sunita A. Ramesh

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Guest Editor

College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
Interests: Ion channels (e.g. ALMT, Aquaporins); transporters (e.g. Zn, K⁺, NH⁴⁺); γ aminobutyric acid (GABA) signalling; abiotic stress tolerance
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

During the last six decades, research has shown that abiotic stresses can negatively impact plant growth, development and reduce crop production by up to 70%. Global climate changes have compounded the effect of these stresses on crop productivity. Some plants are more tolerant to ‘stress’ while others are susceptible. Understanding the complexity of both molecular and physiological factors that contribute to stress tolerance in crops is essential to maintain productivity for food, fibre, and fuel. The Special Issue, “Molecular and Physiological Basis of Abiotic Stress Tolerance,” will focus on the recent advancements into the role of ion channels, transporters, and signalling molecules and their contribution to tolerance to stresses such as salinity, drought, extreme heat and acid soils. We invite research articles and communications providing insights into different abiotic stresses.

Dr. Sunita A. Ramesh
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

Abiotic Stress
Ion Channels
Transporters
Tissue Tolerance

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1971 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

SNORKEL Genes Relating to Flood Tolerance Were Pseudogenized in Normal Cultivated Rice

by Keisuke Nagai, Yusuke Kurokawa, Yoshinao Mori, Anzu Minami, Stefan Reuscher, Jianzhong Wu, Takashi Matsumoto and Motoyuki Ashikari

Plants 2022, 11(3), 376; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11030376 - 29 Jan 2022

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3561

Abstract

SNORKEL1 (SK1) and SNORKEL2 (SK2) are ethylene responsive factors that regulate the internode elongation of deepwater rice in response to submergence. We previously reported that normal cultivated rice lacks SK genes because the Chromosome 12 region containing SK genes was deleted from its genome. However, no study has analyzed how the genome defect occurred in that region by comparing normal cultivated rice and deepwater rice. In this study, comparison of the sequence of the end of Chromosome 12, which contains SK genes, between normal and deepwater rice showed that complicated genome changes such as insertions, deletions, inversions, substitutions, and translocation occurred frequently in this region. In addition to SK1 and SK2 of deepwater rice, gene prediction analysis identified four genes containing AP2/ERF domains in normal cultivated rice and six in deepwater rice; we called these genes SK-LIKE (SKL) genes. SKs and SKLs were present in close proximity to each other, and the SKLs in normal cultivated rice were in tandem. These predicted genes belong to the same AP2/ERF subfamily and were separated into four types: SK1, SK2, SKL3, and SKL4. Sequence comparison indicated that normal cultivated rice possesses a gene with high homology to SK2, which we named SKL1. However, none of the predicted SKLs except for SKL3s were expressed during submergence. Although SKL3s were expressed in both normal and deepwater rice, normal rice does not undergo internode elongation, suggesting that its expression does not contribute to internode elongation. Plants overexpressing SKL1, which showed the most homology to SK2, underwent internode elongation similar to plants overexpressing SK1 and SK2 under normal growth conditions. A yeast one-hybrid assay showed that the C-end of SKL1 has transcription activity, as do the C-ends of SK1 and SK2. Our results suggested that SKLs were derived via gene duplication, but were not expressed and pseudogenized in normal cultivated rice during sequence evolution. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular and Physiological Basis of Abiotic Stress Tolerance)

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18 pages, 10728 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparison of Silicon-Evoked Responses on Arsenic Stress between Different Dular Rice Genotypes

by Mohammad Reza Boorboori, Zhou Li, Xue Yan, Mu Dan, Zhixing Zhang, Wenxiong Lin and Changxun Fang

Plants 2021, 10(10), 2210; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10102210 - 18 Oct 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1780

Abstract

Arsenic is one of the most hazardous metalloids in nature, and due to its high water solubility, it is one of the most important causes of pollution. However, silicon reduces the uptake and transport of arsenic in rice. This study investigates the interaction of different arsenic and silicon levels on dry weight, protein content, and concentrations of arsenic and silicon in two different rice shoots and roots of Dular wild-type (DU-WT) and Dular Lsi1-overexpressed (DU-OE) rice. It should be noted that all seedlings were subjected to four different treatments. For RNA-seq and qPCR, the DU-WT genotype was selected as the control and DU-OE as the treatment. With the addition of silicone treatment, dry weight and protein content in the shoots and roots of both rice lines were increased, while the concentration of arsenic in these two organs was decreased. When seedlings were exposed to arsenic treatments, protein content, silicon concentration, and dry weight were decreased in both roots and shoots, while arsenic concentration was increased in both rice genotypes. The RNA-seq in DU-OE showed 5823 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 2604 were up-regulated and 3219 down-regulated. Treatment of rice by arsenic and silicon has changed the expression of genes encoding cytokinin-responsive GATA transcription factor 1, protein IN2-1 homolog B, calcium-binding EGF domain-containing protein, Os01g0369700 protein, probable glutathione S-transferase GSTU1, glutathione S-transferase protein, Os09g0367700 protein, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP), and Os08g0522400 protein in the root of DU-OE. The present study’s findings showed that in the presence of silicon, the transgenic genotype is much more resistant to arsenic than the wild genotype of Dular rice. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular and Physiological Basis of Abiotic Stress Tolerance)

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Review

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11 pages, 767 KiB

Open AccessReview

Emerging Roles of γ Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Gated Channels in Plant Stress Tolerance

by Mona Kaspal, Madhuka H. Kanapaddalagamage and Sunita A. Ramesh

Plants 2021, 10(10), 2178; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10102178 - 14 Oct 2021

Cited by 29 | Viewed by 3916

Abstract

The signaling role for γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been documented in animals for over seven decades. However, a signaling role for GABA in plants is just beginning to emerge with the discovery of putative GABA binding site/s and GABA regulation of anion channels. In this review, we explore the role of GABA in plant growth and development under abiotic stress, its interactions with other signaling molecules and the probability that there are other anion channels with important roles in stress tolerance that are gated by GABA. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular and Physiological Basis of Abiotic Stress Tolerance)

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18 pages, 1345 KiB

Open AccessReview

Jute Responses and Tolerance to Abiotic Stress: Mechanisms and Approaches

by Khussboo Rahman, Naznin Ahmed, Md. Rakib Hossain Raihan, Farzana Nowroz, Faria Jannat, Mira Rahman and Mirza Hasanuzzaman

Plants 2021, 10(8), 1595; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081595 - 3 Aug 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4249

Abstract

Jute (Corchorus spp.) belongs to the Malvaceae family, and there are two species of jute, C. capsularis and C. olitorious. It is the second-largest natural bast fiber in the world according to production, which has diverse uses not only as a fiber but also as multiple industrial materials. Because of climate change, plants experience various stressors such as salt, drought, heat, cold, metal/metalloid toxicity, and flooding. Although jute is particularly adapted to grow in hot and humid climates, it is grown under a wide variety of climatic conditions and is relatively tolerant to some environmental adversities. However, abiotic stress often restricts its growth, yield, and quality significantly. Abiotic stress negatively affects the metabolic activities, growth, physiology, and fiber yield of jute. One of the major consequences of abiotic stress on the jute plant is the generation of reactive oxygen species, which lead to oxidative stress that damages its cellular organelles and biomolecules. However, jute’s responses to abiotic stress mainly depend on the plant’s age and type and duration of stress. Therefore, understanding the abiotic stress responses and the tolerance mechanism would help plant biologists and agronomists in developing climate-smart jute varieties and suitable cultivation packages for adverse environmental conditions. In this review, we summarized the best possible recent literature on the plant abiotic stress factors and their influence on jute plants. We described the possible approaches for stress tolerance mechanisms based on the available literature. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular and Physiological Basis of Abiotic Stress Tolerance)

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