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Design of Green-Engineered Cementitious Composites for Improved Sustainability
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Design of Green-Engineered Cementitious Composites for Improved Sustainability

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Green Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2024 | Viewed by 3106

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Piotr Smarzewski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: eco-efficient concrete; high performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites; durability of fiber reinforced concrete; experimental testing and numerical analysis of concrete materials and structures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Concrete is the material most used in construction. Large amounts of it are used all over the world. It is a composite material produced from non-renewable natural resources. In all phases of the life cycle of concrete, from acquiring raw materials, through production and use, to final development, there is a supply and high energy consumption. Therefore, waste management strategies such as reduction, reuse, recycling and renewable have been developed. Using inorganic industrial residues, waste aggregates from demolition, components from renewable raw materials and alternative cement binders when producing concrete has led to sustainable concrete design and a greener environment. Considering that one of the stategy’s main goals for sustainable development is the rational management of natural resources, designing green-engineered cementitious composites is a priority task. However, compared to natural materials, these composites show a loss of mechanical properties and reduced durability with a relatively low waste material replacement rate. Therefore, we need to intensify work on the invention of green concrete composites that can outperform traditional concrete. When achieving this, it is necessary to conduct further research on them and disseminate the results, particularly in terms of their durability and long-term effects.

Dr. Piotr Smarzewski
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • green-engineered cementitious composites
  • alternative and secondary low-impact cementitious binders
  • cementitious composites containing special aggregate inclusions or waste materials
  • rheology
  • mechanical behavior
  • behavior in harsh environments
  • durability
  • sustainability
  • long-term performance
  • microstructural and structural characterization
  • structural design
  • life cycle assessment

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 7089 KiB  
Article
Machine Learning Method to Explore the Correlation between Fly Ash Content and Chloride Resistance
by Ruiqi Wang, Yupeng Huo, Teng Wang, Peng Hou, Zuo Gong, Guodong Li and Changyan Li
Materials 2024, 17(5), 1192; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17051192 - 4 Mar 2024
Viewed by 821
Abstract
Chloride ion corrosion has been considered to be one of the main reasons for durability deterioration of reinforced concrete structures in marine or chlorine-containing deicing salt environments. This paper studies the relationship between the amount of fly ash and the durability of concrete, [...] Read more.
Chloride ion corrosion has been considered to be one of the main reasons for durability deterioration of reinforced concrete structures in marine or chlorine-containing deicing salt environments. This paper studies the relationship between the amount of fly ash and the durability of concrete, especially the resistance to chloride ion erosion. The heat trend map of total chloride ion factor correlation displayed that the ranking of factor correlations was as follows: sampling depth > cement dosage > fly ash dosage. In order to verify the effect of fly ash dosage on chloride ion resistance, three different machine learning algorithms (RF, GBR, DT) are employed to predict the total chloride content of fly ash proportioned concrete with varying admixture ratios, which are evaluated based on R2, MSE, RMSE, and MAE. The results predicted by the RF model show that the threshold of fly ash admixture in chlorinated salt environments is 30–40%. Replacing part of cement with fly ash in the mixture of concrete below this threshold of fly ash, it could change the phase structure and pore structure, which could improve the permeability of fly ash concrete and reduce the content of free chloride ions in the system. Machine learning modeling using sample data can accurately predict concrete properties, which effectively reduce engineering tests. The development of machine learning models is essential for the decarbonization and intelligence of engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Green-Engineered Cementitious Composites for Improved Sustainability)
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17 pages, 7338 KiB  
Article
Raw and Pre-Treated Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) Dust as a Partial Replacement for Natural Sand in Mortars
by Krzysztof Pikoń, Nikolina Poranek, Marcin Marczak, Beata Łaźniewska-Piekarczyk and Waldemar Ścierski
Materials 2024, 17(2), 441; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17020441 - 17 Jan 2024
Viewed by 880
Abstract
The circular economy (CE) is widely known for its emphasis on reducing waste and maximizing the use of resources by reusing, recycling, and repurposing materials to create a sustainable and efficient system. The CE is based on 3R—reuse, reduce, and recycle. The aim [...] Read more.
The circular economy (CE) is widely known for its emphasis on reducing waste and maximizing the use of resources by reusing, recycling, and repurposing materials to create a sustainable and efficient system. The CE is based on 3R—reuse, reduce, and recycle. The aim of this article is to use styrene butadiene rubber dust (SBR) in building material, constituting secondary waste in the production of SBR, which is currently disposed of as landfill. SBR is partly intended to replace the natural raw material sand. The purpose of the final material is to use it for its light weight, insulating properties, or ability to absorb vibrations and sounds. Various shares of SBR dust in mortars were tested. Some of the mortars used SBR thermal pre-treatment at temperatures of 200, 275, and 350 °C. The strength and SEM results are presented. The best pre-treatment for SBR dust is thermal treatment at 275 °C. The maximum usage of rubber dust with thermal treatment is 60% as a sand substitute. The novel finding of this study is the possibility to use more than 30% rubber dust (as a substitute for sand) thanks to pre-treatment, whereby 30% is a common maximum ratio in mortars. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Green-Engineered Cementitious Composites for Improved Sustainability)
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29 pages, 11682 KiB  
Article
Analyzing the Effects of Nano-Titanium Dioxide and Nano-Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on the Mechanical and Durability Properties of Self-Cleaning Concrete
by Fatma El-Zahraa M. Mostafa, Piotr Smarzewski, Ghada M. Abd El Hafez, Ahmed A. Farghali, Wafaa M. Morsi, Ahmed S. Faried and Taher A. Tawfik
Materials 2023, 16(21), 6909; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16216909 - 27 Oct 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1003
Abstract
The goal of this paper is to investigate the impact of nano-materials on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of self-cleaning concrete. Nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zinc oxide were used as additives for this purpose. Additionally, a comparative study on the effect of using these [...] Read more.
The goal of this paper is to investigate the impact of nano-materials on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of self-cleaning concrete. Nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zinc oxide were used as additives for this purpose. Additionally, a comparative study on the effect of using these materials on the self-cleaning concrete’s characteristics was conducted. The dosages of nano-titanium dioxide (nps-TiO2) and nano-zinc oxide (nps-ZnO) used were 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5% and 0, 1, 2, and 3% of the weight of the cement, respectively. The results showed that the optimum compressive strength and the lowest corrosion rate were fulfilled at 2.5% of nps-TiO2 and 1% of nps-ZnO, and using 2.5% of nps-TiO2 achieved the highest improvement in the corrosion rate. However, 1% for nps-TiO2 mixtures and 1% for nps-ZnO mixtures were the best ratios for flexural strength. On the other hand, for the corrosion rate, the samples were tested at 2 and 6 months. When nps-TiO2 and nps-ZnO samples were compared to the control sample, 2.5% and 1% of nps-TiO2 and nps-ZnO, respectively, showed the largest improvement in resistance to corrosion. Also, the self-cleaning property of the samples containing nano-materials (nps-TiO2 and nps-ZnO) was tested. As the results illustrated, the self-cleaning property of the samples was increased over time due to photocatalytic degradation. Furthermore, the results of the photocatalytic tests showed that nps-TiO2 samples outperformed nps-ZnO samples overall. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Green-Engineered Cementitious Composites for Improved Sustainability)
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