Hydroxyalkyl Amination of Agarose Gels Improves Adsorption of Bisphenol A and Diclofenac from Water: Conceivable Prospects
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Experimental Methods
2.2.1. Chemical Modification of Agarose Gels
2.2.2. pH Measurements and Potentiometric Titration of TRIS-Agarose Gels
2.2.3. Bisphenol A Batch Adsorption Kinetics
2.2.4. Adsorption Isotherms of Bisphenol A
2.2.5. Column Adsorption of Bisphenol A and Diclofenac
2.2.6. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Spectrometry
2.2.7. Scanning Electron Microscopy
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characteristics of TRIS- and EA-Agarose Gels
3.2. Kinetics of Bisphenol A Adsorption and the Equilibrium Adsorbed Amounts
3.3. Removal of Bisphenol A and Diclofenac from Water by Filtration through TRIS-Zetarose 4FF Columns
3.4. Future Trends
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type of Agarose Gel | Bromohydrin, μmol/g Wet Gel; μmol/mL | TRIS or EA Content (*), μmol/g Wet Gel; μmol/mL | %N | TRIS or EA Content (**), μmol/g Wet Gel; μmol/mL |
---|---|---|---|---|
TRIS-Sepharose 4B | 220; 150 | 80; 55 | 0.28 | 18; 12 |
TRIS-ZetaCell-CL6B | 290; 190 | 140; 92 | 0.48 | 31; 20 |
TRIS-Zetarose FF4 | 290; 190 | 75; 49 | 1.03 | 46; 30 |
EA-Zetarose FF4 | 290; 190 | 144; 94 | 1.55 | 67; 44 |
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Ljunggren, L.; Ivanova, S.; Ivanov, A.E. Hydroxyalkyl Amination of Agarose Gels Improves Adsorption of Bisphenol A and Diclofenac from Water: Conceivable Prospects. AppliedChem 2024, 4, 42-55. https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4010004
Ljunggren L, Ivanova S, Ivanov AE. Hydroxyalkyl Amination of Agarose Gels Improves Adsorption of Bisphenol A and Diclofenac from Water: Conceivable Prospects. AppliedChem. 2024; 4(1):42-55. https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4010004
Chicago/Turabian StyleLjunggren, Lennart, Svetlana Ivanova, and Alexander E. Ivanov. 2024. "Hydroxyalkyl Amination of Agarose Gels Improves Adsorption of Bisphenol A and Diclofenac from Water: Conceivable Prospects" AppliedChem 4, no. 1: 42-55. https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4010004