Engineering Proceedings, Volume 6, Issue 1

Many gas-phase biosensors have been developed for human volatiles (acetone, methyl mercaptan, trimethylamine, ethanol, isopropanol, etc.) and for residential harmful VOCs (formaldehyde, toluene, nicotine) causing some diseases. A novel gas-imaging sy...

A mass casualty incident may result in tens or hundreds of victims. Triage, being the procedure of classifying victims according to their medical emergency, and the unique identification of victims are equally crucial procedures for effectively manag...

Coming from natural and anthropogenic sources, hydrogen sulfide gas (H₂S) is a smelly hazardous substance at the sub-ppm level, which can lead to poisoning deaths at higher concentrations. New sensors with high metrological properties (detection limi...

The fast and selective determination of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is of importance not only because of strong interest in this widely applied analyte, but also because of the development of enzymatic biosensors for glucose or other metabolites where t...

Biogenic amines (BAs), which are produced naturally due to the decomposition of amino acids, are crucial for the food industry because its formation is directly related to improper storage and the presence of bacteria. High concentrations of BAs can...

The real-time monitoring of physiological parameters is essential for point-of-care testing. While nowadays routine tests are done through ex vivo analysis on frequently extracted blood, placing implantable sensors monitoring key blood parameters suc...

This paper describes the development of a biosensor designed for the enzymatic detection of short-chain alcohols. The biorecognition element, alcohol dehydrogenase, was immobilized on self-assembled monolayers deposited on top of silicon nitride micr...

We developed a highly sensitive acetone bio-sniffer (gas-phase biosensor) based on an enzyme reductive reaction to monitor breath acetone concentration. The acetone bio-sniffer device was constructed by attaching a flow-cell with nicotinamide adenine...

Morin dye is known as a cheap and readily available selective ‘off → on’ fluorescent sensitiser when immobilised in a phase transfer membrane for the detection of Al³⁺ ions. Here, a morin derivative, NaMSA, which readily dissolves in water with good...

The trajectory planning for ground mobile robots operating in unknown environments can be a difficult task. In many cases, the sensors used for detecting obstacles only provide information about the immediate surroundings, making it difficult to gene...

Nowadays, gas sensors play a vital role in a plethora of applications. However, there are still some important shortcomings, such as the scarce selectivity and sensitivity, especially at low operating temperatures. Herein, we report the successful se...

In the scope of this paper, a first exemplary eddy current sensor for seawater conductivity measurement is developed, based on the derived sensor theory of a previous work. By high-frequency excitation, eddy currents are induced in the fluid and are...

Recent advances in technology have enabled the development of affordable low-cost acoustic monitoring systems, as a response of several fields of application that require a close acoustic analysis in real-time: road traffic noise in crowded cities, b...

A new structure of a micro-ring resonator for label-free biosensing is proposed. The structure includes sidewall-grating Si waveguide and periodical side-blocks that can enhance the light–matter interaction. From the electromagnetic simulations, the...

The change in levels of volatile organic compounds (VOC) present in exhaled breath can be indicative of bodily disorders. Detection of such low levels of VOCs can allow early detection and diagnosis of diseases. A polymer- modified Quartz Tuning Fork...

Satellite imagery and remote sensoring have been used for some years in agriculture to create terrain maps for different soil features (humidity, vegetation index, etc.). Multichannel information provides lots of data, but with a big drawback: the lo...

First responders are tasked to intervene in small-scale emergencies and major natural or human-made disasters under unknown environments. They are required to operate around the clock, in situations that are life-threatening and potentially hazardous...

Gold and silver nanoparticles are widely used as signal amplification elements in various electrochemical and optical sensor applications. Although these NPs can be synthesized in several ways, perhaps one of the simplest methods of their preparation...

In this study, we demonstrate the advantages of two advanced sputtering techniques for the preparation of a thin-film conductometric gas sensor. We combined tungsten oxide (WO₃) thin films with other materials to achieve enhanced sensorial behavior t...

To make Europe competitive in the field of astronomical sensors and detectors, the main goal of this research is to provide the capability to manufacture high performance infrared focal plane arrays (FPA) devoted to scientific and astronomical ground...

A concept of virtual sensor array based on an electrically controlled variation of affinity properties of the receptor layer was realized on the base of integrated electrochemical chemotransistor containing conducting polymer as the receptor layer. E...

The aim of this paper is the development of a sensor for the quantification of nickel ions in food raw materials and foods. It is believed that about 15% of the human population suffers from nickel allergy. In addition to digestive manifestations, fo...

This paper presents a portable passwords manager which has a two-stage biometric-based access procedure. Data security using biometric methods was chosen as a variant of reduced complexity but was very effective in preventing cyber theft. The impleme...

The measurement of ground reaction forces (GRFs) helps in determining the role of each limb for support and propulsion in predicting muscle activities, and in determining the strain conditions experienced by bones. Measuring the GRFs in mice models i...

Monitoring of intracellular pH changes in situ can provide valuable information about cellular metabolism and a deeper understanding of physiological processes. Most traditional fluorescent indicators are only capable of a relative assessment of chan...

Implantable pressure sensors represent an important part of the research activity in laboratories. Unfortunately, their use is limited by cost, autonomy and temperature-related drifts. The cost of use depends on several parameters, particularly their...

The growth of urban areas in recent years has motivated a large amount of new sensor applications in smart cities. At the centre of many new applications stands the goal of gaining insights into human activity. Scalable monitoring of urban environmen...

While transformer-type conductivity sensors are the usual type of inductive sensors, this paper describes the theory behind less used eddy current sensors. This type of sensor measures the conductivity of a liquid by inducing eddy currents and observ...

Summary: We developed an SnO₂ nanowire network visible-blind ultraviolet (UV) photodetector for applications in fields such as safety systems, exposure control, and decontamination processes, among others [...]

Wireless capsule endoscopy is a promising and less invasive alternative to conventional endoscopy. A patient swallows a small capsule with an integrated camera to capture a video of the gastrointestinal tract. For accurate diagnosis and therapy, the...

The dielectric parameters help in understanding the structural, compositional and functional analysis of biological samples. These parameters have also been widely adopted in biomedical and therapeutic fields. In the microwave region, these parameter...

The emergence of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has highlighted the need for rapid, accurate, and point-of-care diagnostic testing. Lab-on-a-Chip (LoC) devices offer the possibility to run such tests at a low cost, while at the same time permitti...

With the development of smartphones, cameras based on ultra-small, high-definition, and open platforms have been mass-produced. In this paper, we outline how we built an emulation system to verify the bio-imaging performance of bulky and expensive hi...

Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide. It is usually detected by CT or MRI and removed through thoracoscopic surgery. However, during surgery, the lung collapses, and a new determination of the position of the...

Humidity-sensitive polymer, namely poly(vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetal), was deposited on a flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate pre-covered with a sputtered Au:Pd thin layer in order to develop an optical flexible humidity sensor. Th...

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful technique to detect analytes in a label-free and non-destructive way at extremely low concentrations, even down to the single-molecule level. In the present study, a series of anisotropic Au nano...

We review the recent progress in the field of shapeable magnetoelectronics allowing the realization of mechanically imperceptible electronic skins, which enable perception of the geomagnetic field (e-skin compasses), featuring sensitivities down to u...

In this work, the properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) low-dimensional conductive oxide nanostructures in the aspect of their potential applications in microelectronics, in toxic gas sensing, as well as in water remediation, have been determined. ZnO nanos...

In recent years, soft pneumatic actuators have come into the spotlight because of their simple control and the wide range of complex motions. To monitor the deformation of soft robotic systems, elastomer-based sensors are being used. However, the emb...

Innovative biocompatible organic materials with piezoelectric properties have great potential for the development of wearable sensors for monitoring physiological parameters. Among them, Chitosan (CS) is a natural, biodegradable, antibacterial and lo...

Carbon particle-filled elastomers are a widely researched option to be used as piezoresistive strain sensors for soft robotics or human motion monitoring. Therefore, various polymers can be compounded with carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNT) or...

Recently, graphene has attracted intensive attention in the gas sensing field due to its high electrical conductivity as well as large specific surface areas. Lots of graphene-based gas sensors have been reported with excellent gas sensing performanc...

Heat-exposed work activities or prolonged sport sessions suppose a continuous nutrient loss through sweating, leading to long-term health issues. Among prevention steps, the use of miniaturized sensors for real-time monitoring of micronutrient presen...

1,3-dimercaptopropan-2-ol, a symmetrical di-thiol, has been synthesized and applied as a new type of anchor molecule to prepare a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on a gold surface. The formed monolayers were studied by cyclic voltammetry, impedance sp...

Respiratory tract infections have the highest rates of antibiotic prescriptions where symptoms like fever, cough, and rigors are regularly misinterpreted and where bacterial infections cannot be distinguished from viral ones. Nevertheless, it has bee...

Although showing impressive therapeutic potential, treatments of leukemias with T-cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) is limited by their risk of several severe side effects. To overcome these problems, a switchable CAR platform has be...

We investigated a prototype of a strain sensor based on the layers of a bionanomaterial containing bovine serum albumin (BSA matrix) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT filler). The aqueous dispersion of 25 wt.% BSA/0.3 wt.% MWCNT was applied by...

We present a method for the read-out of five serially arranged SOI ring resonator-based biosensors at a speed of 3 Hz/sensor and a fixed wavelength of 1550 nm. The system uses the high thermo-optical coefficient of silicon by applying AC voltages to...

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have emerged as versatile electrophysiological sensors due to their high transconductance, biocompatibility, and transparent channel material. High maximum transconductances were demonstrated, facilitating...

Biocide disinfectants are used in agro-food industries in order to limit the development of pathogens present in environment or on surfaces in contact with food for human or animal consumption. Biocide residues remaining on food surfaces may constitu...